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RES-8488 Approving and Adopting Historic Preservation StatndRESOLUTION NO. 8488 A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF ORANGE APPROVING AND ADOPTING HISTORIC PRESERVATION DESIGN STANDARDS FOR OLD TOWNE WHEREAS, together with a comprehensive update of Title 17 (the "Zoning Ordinance") of the Orange Municipal Code, the City staff developed a document entitled "Historic Preservation DESIGN STANDARDS for OLD TOWNE Orange, California'" and WHEREAS, the purpose of this document is to protect the historic and architectural resources which contribute to the cultural richness of Orange by combining all processing requirements and design criteria specific to the Old Towne District into a single document; and WHEREAS, after conducting public hearings on the matter and after the Mayor appointed an ad hoc committee to review and modify the document, the City Council is prepared to take action on this matter. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that the "Historic Preservation DESIGN STANDARDS for OLD TOWNE Orange, California," the text of which is attached hereto and hereby incorporated by reference, is adopted by the City Council of the City of Orange. BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that the City staff is directed to begin implementing its provisions on September I, 1995. BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that the City Clerk is directed to schedule review of this action on the City Council agenda one year following the implementation date for said design standards for the purpose of evaluating the effectiveness of such standards. ADOPTED this 11 th day of July 1995. L// .'L )'_ ,.c ' _~zf- t"' > -;;;;Mayor of the City ofOran~' ATTEST: MARILYN J. JENSEN City Clerk of the City of Orange By:44~U~1~ eputy City ~erk I hereby certify that the foregoing Resolution was duly and regularly adopted by the City Council of the City of Orange at a regular meeting thereof held on the 11 th of July ,1995, by the following vote: AYES: NOES: ABSENT: ABSTAIN: COUNCIL MEMBERS: COUNCIL MEMBERS: COUNCIL MEMBERS: COUNCIL MEMBERS: MURPHY, MAYOR COONTZ, SPURGEON BARRERA, SLATER NONE NONE MARILYN J. JENSEN City Clerk of the City of Orange y,{k.,~L7*A/'M;7t Deputy City er SSH:dh Reso No. 8488 2 Historic Preservation DESIGN STANDARDS for OLD TOWNE Orange, California As approved by City Council June 1~, 1995 City Counc// Resolution #8488 and Revised Juiy 11,1995 OLD TOWNE DESIGN STANDARDS TABLE OF CONTENTS PART I: GENERAL Chapter 1: Chapter 2: Introduction.............................................................................................. . A. Purpose of the Manual..................................................................... 1. Introduction.............. .................... ......... ................................ ....2. Objective... ... ..... ... ...... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...... ... .... ... ....... .... ... ... .... .... 3. Scope... ...... ... ... ... ... ..... ... ... ...... ... ... ...... ... ....... ....... ... .... ... .... ...... 4. Intended Users... ......... .............. ......... ..................... ................. 5. Design Review......... ........ ............ ...... ...... .... ....... ... ... .... .... .... .... B. Organization...... ..... ...... ... ....................... ............. .... ...... .... ....... ........ 1. Part One: General................................................................... 2. Part Two: Processing Requirements.......................................3. Part Three: Design Criteria and Development Standards................................................................................. . 4. Appendices....... ..... .................................... ............................... Historical Overview.. ........... ... ... ...... ......... ..... ......... .... ... ... .... ... ........... .... ... A. Background... ... ... ... ... ........ ... ... ... ... ..... .... ...... ...... .... ... .... ... .... ... ......... B. Historical Significance.... .............. ......... ............ ....... ......................... PART II: PROCESSING REQUIREMENTS Chapter 1: Chapter 2: Application Procedures............. .......................... ........................... ........... A. Overview....... ...... ..... ...... '" ........ ... ... ... ... ... ... .... ...... .... ... .............. ... .... B. Design Review Board....................................................................... C. Design Review... ... ........ ............ ... ............ ...... .......... .... ...... .... ... ........ 1. Staff Review... ................................... ...... .......... ........... ............ 2. Design Review Board Review..................................................D. Demolition Review.. ... ...... ..... ... ... ... ... ...... ... ...... ....... ...... ... .... ........ ..... Review and Approval........ ................. .................. ................ ..................... A. Review Criteria. ...... .............. ... ... ...... ... ...... ... ... ... ... ....... .... ...... .... ... ... 1. Compatibility of the Project with Surrounding Development and Neighborhoods............................................2. Adequacy of Screening/ Buffering.............................................3. Landscaping. ......... ....................... ............ ............................ .... 4. Signs.. ... ... ... ........ ... ... ..... ... ... ... ... ... ...... ... ....... ... .... ... .... ... ... ....... 5. Streetscape. ... .............. ... ........ ...... ....... ... ... ... ....... ....... ....... ... ... B. Conditions of Approval..................................................................... C. Findings Required......... ..... ......... ... ... ... ................... .... .......... ... .... .... D. Environmental Review.. ............... .............. .......... .... ... ... ... .... .... ... ..... 2- Page 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 8 8 9 9 9 10 10 11 11 11 12 12 12 12 12 12 13 PART III: DESIGN CRITERIA AND DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS Chapter 1: Chapter 2: Chapter 3: Chapter 4: General... .... ... ... ... ... ................... ......... ........................ ... .... ............ ........ ... 13 Plaza Historic District................................................................................ 13 A. Siting Design.................................................................................... 13 B. Building Design................................................................................. 14 1. Facades.................................................................................... 14 2. Height.. ...... ...... ... ............. ............... .............. .... .... ....... ............. 14 3. Entrances.. ... ... ... ... ... ... ................... ....... ....... ........... .... ..... ........ 14 4. Windows......... ... ... ... ... ... ............. ............. .... ....... .... .... .... .... ...... 15 C. Seismic and Masonry Rehabilitation Standards for Unreinforced Buildings..................... ....................... .... .... ................. 15 1. Shear Walls and Cross Walls................................................... 15 2. Steel Frames............................................................................ 15 3. Repointing....... ........................ .................... ............ ....... .......... 16 4. Anchor Bolts............................................................................. 16 5. Windows.. ................... ......... ...... ......................... ...................... 16 6. Parapets and Omamentation................................................... 16 D. Materials... ...... ... ...... ................... ... ... .......... ....... .... .... ... .... .... ... ..... .... 16 E. Colors.......... ....... .......... ..... .......... ......... .......... ........... .... ............ ....... 17 F. Lighting....... ......................... ................... ............................. .... ......... 17 G. Signage.. .... ......... ... ... ............ ....................... .... ....... ... ....... ......... ... ... 17 1. General...... ............ ...... ......... .......... .......................................... 17 2. Sign Types............................................................................... 18 3. Letter Styles............................................................................. 19 4. Materials... ...................... ..... ...... .......... ............ ......................... 19 5. Colors....................... ..................... ....... .............. ............... ....... 20 6. Lighting.... ......... ....... .................. .... ...... ....... ................... ........... 20 H. Landscape Standards....................................................................... 20 1. Streetscape.................. ................ .......... ....... ............... ............ 20 2. Rear Elevations and Parking Areas............................................. 21 3. Plaza Park................................................................................ 21 Downtown Core................................. ................ ....... ............... .... ............. 21 A. Siting Design.................................................................................... 22 B. Building Design................................................................................. 22 C. Materials. ... .......... ......... ...... ... ... ... ... ............. .... .... ... .... .... ... ............... 22 D. Colors... ............. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ....... ... ....... ..... ... ....... .... .... ...... 23 E. Lighting... ... ... .... ... ... ......... ... ... ... ... ... ...... ....... ....... .... ... ..... ... .... ........... 23 F. Signage.... .................................. ............................................. ......... 23 1. General.................... ..................... .......... .... ....... ............ .... ... .... 23 2. Freestanding Signs....................................................................... 23 G. Landscape Standards....................................................................... 23 Spoke Street Corridor...... ...... ............... .......... .... ... ... ........ .... ... .... .... ......... A. Siting Design.... .......... ............... ............... .................. ............... ....... B. Building Design........................ ...... ... ....... ......................................... C. Materials. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...... ... ... ... .... ...... ... .... ... .... ........... .... .... ... .... .... D. Colors.. .... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .... ............. .... ....... .... .... .... .... ...... E. Lighting... ...... ... ... ... ...... ... ... ... ... ...... ... .... ... .... ... ... .... ........ .... .... ... ... ..... 24 24 25 25 25 26 3 - F. Sign age.. .......................................... ................................................ 26 1. General..................................................................................... 26 2. Freestanding Signs................................................................... 26 G. Landscape Standards....................................................................... 26 H. Parkway/Street Trees....................................................................... 26 Chapter 5:Residential Quadrants........ ...... ... ... ......... ... ... ... ...... ....... ... .... .... ... .... .... ..... A. General.. ... ............ ...... ... ...... ... ............ ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ........ ... .... .... ..... 1. New Construction......... .................... ................................ ........2. Additions and Alterations to Historic Structures........................3. Additions to Non Historic Structures.........................................B. Design Standards.. ........... ... ... ............................... .... ... .................... 1. Siting Design.. .................... ...... ............ .......... ...... ............... .....2. Building Design - Residential Structures...................................3. Building Design - Non-Residential Structures........................... 4. Materials. ... ... ... ... ..... ......... ... ... ......... ....... ... .... ... .... ... '" .... .... ......5. Colors... ............ ........ ... ... ... ...... ... ... ... ....... ... .... ... ... ....... .... .... .....6. Lighting.....................................................................................7. Signage. ............ ........ ...... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .... ... .... ... .... ....... .... ....8. Landscape Standards...... ...... ........ .......... ....... ....... ....... ...........APPENDICES 26 27 27 27 27 27 27 28 31 32 32 32 33 33 Appendix A: Design Glossary.......................................................................................... 35 Appendix B: Supplemental Documents............................................................................ 42 4- PART I - GENERAL Chapter 1 - Introduction A. Purpose of the Manual 1. Introduction The purpose of the Design Standards is to protect the historic and architectural resources which contribute to the cultural richness of Orange.The protection of historic districts of Orange will ensure that the City's unique quality will remain for the enjoyment, pride and economic benefit of its citizens.Furthennore, this document is intended to combine all the processing requirements and design criteria specific to the Old Towne District into a single document. For those areas within Old Towne which are also subject to provisions of a specific plan,this document will apply only as required by the specific plan.2. Objective The objective of the Design Standards is to provide guidance for the enhancement and preservation of the City's Old Towne Historic District.The objectives of the preservation and rehabilitation program are to:protect the desirable and unique features of the historic neighborhoods protect and stabilize property values minimize building deterioration ensure that new construction is structurally and aesthetically compatible with existing historic neighborhoods 3. Scope The following map (Exhibit 1) indicates the four major areas which comprise the Old Towne District of Orange. These are:The Plaza Historic District The Downtown Core The Spoke Streets The Residential Quadrants This map also indicates those areas subject to specific plans 4. Intended Users This document has been adopted to assist property owners and design professionals in the rehabilitation of structures located within the Old Towne District,the construction of limited infill structures and modifications to existing buildings.5- 1~R=l:i=1~ WALNUT AVE II I ~~;fi~~; Cha Collepman ge Specific Plan Area III.:{'.:.:.' 'IlIIJD I ~ · [I'~~'IIII j:j ::::'IIi=Is=lm~ 1IIIIil '1I1H ==l= t:::= ... 1a:::l1IIllllIJ]j lIJ]j" 1111111' III H -I = ~ill OIIDI" lllrrrm M11111 ~;II i ~ I ..... m. II : '~'''. ._g; II IIIII1 .,...,~ rrm E -1= -~. :::::: . ~ on k'l".- J ~ =~ =~ =~. ~1" lt ~ = IIII ffiD oo_. . -1= ~ -@ ~ ::. ~ ~ __ ~ 1111 I L nw r ....." ~ :. , .. ::::: ~ ~L o:m II' ,~I:-;:::::~" :::;;...'. ~ 111)11 Ir~ ~LAVETA AVE J Li: d:I~ ~ ~ ~I UI~'~' u..nIllLU. I I 1ill_1 f ::pt-[ ~ - II -....... [ul 2- e:. Qe:.na := ~ 'E:: ~V --: -----"""-.......... . ( ': UTI J - :=::: E::::: .. .......--" ~~ l11LPlaza Historic District - ~;' . . - . :.~~ ~-.::D t C r- ~.."'.'/... ..- 1:~!~:;:; s~~~eo~~ee:e ~ t-:-~?~.' .~- ,~~~:::II_,- .~Old Towne Boundary Fl~, W'~I' 'I EXlllBIT I 5. Design Review All projects within the Old Towne District are subject to design review. The design review process allows the City to evaluate each individual project and its relationship to its surroundings (streetscape). The design standards address the followingelements: a. Site Planning b. Rhythm of Spacing of Buildings on a Street c. Height, Scale and Massing of Structures d. Arrangements of Doors, Windows, and Other Openings e. Textures, Materials and Colors f. Roof Shape g. Entrances and Approaches h. Landscaping i. Lighting j. Signage k. Overall Design Quality B. Organization The Old Towne Design Standards are divided into three major parts and a set of appendices. 1. Part One: General Chapter One of this section provides an introduction to the purpose and objectives of the Design Standards. Chapter Two presents a brief architectural history of Orange. 2. Part Two: Processing Requirements This section explains the review procedure and criteria used in evaluating projects. It also explains the procedures used to review demolitions and replacement structures. 3. Part Three: Design Criteria and Development Standards This section provides design guidance for the four major areas which comprise the Old Towne District. Each chapter deals with a specific area in terms of observed conditions, design objectives, guidelines for important design elements, and development standards augmenting those of the base zone. These design review standards will serve as a baseline by which plans for rehabilitation and new construction can be judged for consistency with neighborhood characteristics. The intent of these standards is to provide a range of flexible design options which will encourage development compatible with the existing character of Old Towne and which will discourage introduction of incompatible features. Flexible rather than rigid 6- development standards have been included to match the wide range of different contexts found in Old Towne. 4. Appendices. a. Appendix A - Design Glossary Appendix A provides a glossary of preservation, architectural, and aesthetic terms with definitions.b. Appendix B - Supplemental Documents Appendix B contains references and excerpts from important related documents from State, Federal and local sources.Chapter 2 - Historical OvervIew A. Background The City of Orange was founded in 1871 as a real estate venture by two men, Andrew Glassell and A. B. Chapman. Like many cities located in the Eastern and Midwestern United States, Orange was subdivided into a grid system of streets which focused about a central square. The square remained as a crossroads until 1886, when the community petitioned the Board of Supervisors to revise the road alignment for the purpose of creating a semi-circular Plaza. The local newspaper of that day commented on the new Plaza:With a little care and attention it can be made to blossom into a beautiful little park which will delight the eye. Property owners in and around Orange should help the Plaza vigorously. It is a good investment."The cleanup and beautification efforts that followed culminated with the installation of a fountain in the center of the park, purchased through public donations.The tradition of public involvement in urban aesthetics that began in the late 19th Century with the development of the Plaza, is present to this day. In 1970, brick sidewalks and planters were installed at the comers of the square. In 1983, an extensive streetscape program was completed along Glassell Street to provide public amenities and improve the image of downtown Orange.B. Historical Significance According to State Historic Resource Surveys, Orange is unique among the region and the state in that it has the second largest concentration of historic buildings. It is important to note that as many as 1/3 of the buildings within this area are non-contributing.Within and near the present Old Towne boundaries (Walnut, Cambridge, LaVeta, Batavia,including the Nutwood tract) a diversity of architectural styles, building types and neighborhood characteristics is present. A strong commercial core, known as the Plaza Historic District, is complemented by the surrounding residential neighborhoods.7- Commercial buildings dating from the 1880's through the 1920's are present and exhibit styles and architectural details unmatched in our modem times. Similar1y, homes from the 1880 Victorian through post-Wor1d War I Period Revival styles are present in near1y the same concentrations as they existed in the 1920' s.The complete stock of commercial buildings and residential homes which are a part of the Old Towne community is complimented by the churches, schools, depot, post office,packing houses, industrial buildings, clubhouses, and parks which still remain in active use since their establishment in the ear1y part of the century.The heart of Orange is composed of historically interdependent buildings which still exhibit the special ambiance associated with their time and place in history. On the whole, the homes and buildings are in a well-maintained condition and retain their original architectural integrity.In 1981, the City Council authorized preparation of a historic survey, to identify, evaluate and document all pre-1940 buildings existing throughout the City. The purpose of the survey was to gather data needed to prepare a Historic Preservation Element of the General Plan. This survey was completed in 1982. The Council subsequenUy authorized an update and computerized listing of the original survey, to further assess the City's historic resources. When the update was completed, it was presented to the City Council and Planning Commission in May, 1992, at which time the Council took action to receive and file the report.Based upon the results of the original 1982 Orange Historic Survey and the findings of the Advisory Board and the updated 1992 Survey, it was determined that there are special areas of historic importance in Orange that warrant preservation and conservation.A logical and sensible preservation program will enhance the historic neighborhoods and the quality of life in Orange in four primary ways:Protection of the desirable and unique feature of the historic neighborhoods.Long term protection and stabilization of property values.Protection that compatible rehabilitation will occur and that deterioration will be minimized.Protection to insure that new construction in historic neighborhoods will be contextual and architecturally compatible with the adjoining structures.PART II - PROCESSING REQUIREMENTS Chapter 1 - Application Procedures A. Overview In order to enhance and preserve its heritage, the City has established design and development standards specific to the Old Towne District. These standards are contained in Part III of this document. To assure compliance with the standards, the City has implemented a project review and approval process whereby all projects are 8- evaluated for compliance with these Design Standards. This process is explained in detail in Section C below. B. Design Review Board The City's Design Review Board has a primary role in evaluating projects for compliance with these Design Standards. The Design Review Board is a body of five resident professionals appointed by the City Council, empowered to review design elements of all construction projects. c. Design Review In order to verify that any project in the Old Towne District complies with the standards contained in this document, all projects are reviewed by the City. There are two types of review, by staff and by the Design Review Board, as described below. Routine maintenance does not require formal review, although staff consultation is recommended. Routine maintenance includes painting of structures, and duplicating damaged or deteriorated exterior architectural features. Painting of Plaza commercial buildings shall be in accordance with the color palette approved in the Plaza Facade Study (available at the Planning counter). 1. Staff Review Those projects listed below are subject to review and approval over the counter bystaffinthefollowingmanner: An applicant brings plans to the Planning Counter for review by staff. If the project meets standards, approval is granted over the counter, and the applicant applies for building permits (when necessary). If staff determines that a project does not comply with the standards contained in this document, approval will not be granted unless plans are modified to meet standards. An applicant may appeal staff's determination of non-compliance to the DRB. Such appeals shall utilize the process enumerated in Section 17.08.050 of the Orange Municipal Code, but shall be heard by the Design Review Board.a. Minor exterior alterations, including installation, change, replacement or removal of the following:1) Doors, windows, columns, piers, siding and architectural trim 2) Roofing 3) Major landscape features 4) Installation and placement of air conditioning units and new electrical service meters 5) Chimneys, fireplaces, and masonry piers 6) Decks 7) Modifications to accommodate access for the disabled 8) Accessory structures less than 120 square feet, such as trash enclosures,storage sheds, etc.9) The following when located in a front or side yard area, or are visible from the public street: Skylights, solar panels, greenhouse windows, and roof mounted equipment Hardscape and new flatwor!< Arbors and fences b. Installation of new signs upon buildings for which there is an approved sign program, or routine maintenance of existing signs. c. All projects wherein structures are enlarged by less than 20% of the existing floor area and such addition is not visible from the public street. 2. Design Review Board Review Those projects listed below are subject to review and approval by the DRB unless otherwise noted: a. All new development, additions to existing structures, exterior renovations and signage, except those items listed above that require over the counter review by staff, or those projects requiring approval by the Planning Commission or City Council pursuant to Title 17 of the Orange Municipal Code. b. Any change or alteration of any facade within the Plaza Historic District. c. Any combination of alterations occurring within a 24 month period which result in a structure being enlarged by more than 20% of the original floor area. d. Review of demolitions and replacement structures as required by Section 17.10.080 of the Orange Municipal Code. e. Extemal changes and facade renovations on unreinforced masonry (URM) buildings undergoing seismic retrofitting as required under the City's Seismic Strengthening Provisions for URM Buildings, Chapter 15.55. The Design Review Board process is as follows: An applicant brings plans to the Planning Counter for review and discussion with staff, submits an application for Design Review Board, and is scheduled for a Design Review Board hearing. If the project meets standards, the Design Review Board approves the project at the hearing. Once approved, the applicant can apply for building pennits. If the Design Review Board denies the project or approves the project subject to conditions that the applicant does not agree with, the applicant may appeal the Design Review Board's decision subject to the process enumerated in Section 17.08.050 of the Orange Municipal Code. D. Demolition Review Demolition review is a process as established in the demolition ordinance that provides for review and approval of replacement structures prior to issuance of a demolition pennit. Such review is intended to assure that replacement structures are compatible with the established character of the Old Towne Districts and individual structures, and confonn to adopted design standards. Demolition review is required whenever all or part 10 - of a structure is removed from a site in Old Towne (either by relocation or destruction) when such removal permanently impairs the architectural or structural integrity of the structure. Exception: Demolition review is not intended to apply to: 1. Demolitions ordered by the Chief Building Official or Fire Chief of the City of Orange to remedy conditions determined to be dangerous to life, health or property. Demolitions of structures in the Plaza Historic District require approval of the State Historic Preservation Office. 2. Demolition of a non-contributing structure which has a floor area less than 120 square feet.Chapter 2 - Review and Approval A. Review Criteria The Old Towne Design Standards are legally enforceable zoning requirements designed for the long-term protection of the architectural and historical character of Old Towne Orange.The Design Standards are intended to insure compliance in the implementation of the City's General Plan, Historic Preservation Element's goals and policies.While the Historic Preservation Element establishes the importance of the preservation,rehabilitation and enhancement of the historical character of Orange, the Design Standards provide the Design Review Board with specific implementation requirements and considerations by which to evaluate individual projects.In addition to the Old Towne Design Standards, the Design Review Board and other reviewing bodies that may be required to review certain applications, shall consider the Secretary of the Interior's Standards and Guidelines for Rehabilitation (see Appendix B)and the following general criteria in making a project determination:1. Compatibility of the project with surrounding development and neighborhoods:a. The development shall be consistent in size, scale and context with surrounding development.b. The development shall retain the historic relationship between buildings,landscape features and open space.c. Building design, colors and material shall be compatible with the character of the existing structure and surrounding area.d. Additions shall be designed and constructed so as to not significantly change,obscure, damage, or destroy the character defining features of an historic building or feature.e. The development shall not erode or adversely affect an historic resource or district.II - 2. Adequacy of screening/buffering: a. Trash receptacles, storage and loading areas, and mechanical equipment shall be screened from view of public streets, in a manner which is architecturally compatible with the building. b. Landscape areas shall be provided in and around parking lots to break up the appearance of large expanses of paving. 3. Landscaping: a. The type, size, and location of landscape materials shall be compatible with the scale of building(s) and property. 4. Signs: a. All signage shall be compatible with the building design, scale, colors and materials. b. All signs within the Plaza Historic District shall be of a size and style compatible with the historic building and shall not cover or obscure significant architectural detailing or features. c. Property addresses must be visible from street. 5. Streetscape a. Building facades shall be complimentary and blend with neighboring structures. B. Conditions of Approval The Design Review Board may require reasonable conditions of approval to implement the standards contained in this document. C. Findings Required. The Design Review Board shall make findings for all projects it reviews based upon design criteria stated above. Specific findings shall be made as follows: 1. For all projects: The proposed wor1< conforms to the standards and design criteria referenced and/or recommended by the Design Review Board for the project. 2. For building additions and modifications: The proposed wor1< will neither adversely affect the significant architectural features of the building nor adversely affect the character of historical, architectural, or aesthetic interest or value of the building, its site, or the surrounding area. 3. For new construction: The use and design of any new construction shall not adversely affect, and shall be compatible with, the use and design of existing buildings within Old Towne. 12- D. Environmental Review All projects in Old Towne must comply with the California Environmental Quality Act CEQA). PART III - DESIGN CRITERIA AND DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS Chapter 1 - General A. Old Towne design criteria is intended to reflect those architectural styles predominant within the City of Orange from 1880 through the 1930's, exclusive of the "Bauhaus" or international style architecture. Of primary importance is to retain and preserve features of the building and site that are important in its overall historic character.B. Building design reflecting "contemporary", "modeme", "art deco", and "post modem" styles are prohibited in Old Towne, except those existing at the time this document was adopted.Such buildings, as identified by the 1982 Historic Survey, may be enlarged or rehabilitated provided that the additions or renovations are consistent in size and scale with surrounding development, and shall maintain the building's original architectural style.Chapter 2 - Plaza Historic District This district consists of the City's original commercial core of historic structures dating from the 1880's to the 1930's, surrounding the Plaza at Glassell Street and Chapman Avenue. The Plaza was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on March 9, 1982. As a designated district, the Secretary of the Interior's Standards and Guidelines, along with the supplemental Old Towne Design Standards shall apply to this area.The standards contained in this section are intended to promote restoration of Plaza structures when rehabilitation is undertaken for either structural or cosmetic purposes. Restoration shall be based on physical or historic documentary evidence, which may include written material,photographs, or drawings. In general, all new work shall be limited to the removal of existing non-historic architectural design features, and the installation of architectural details that restore the original appearance of the building, or a significant period in the history of the building. Rehabilitation shall include restoration of original or significant:Configuration of exterior walls Building finish materials Doors, windows, openings and frames A. Siting Design 1. The existing zero-lot line street facades (0 foot setback) shall be maintained, with recessed entries.2. Any streetscape improvements shall be designed to match the existing hardscape,sidewalk paving and street furniture. When possible, original outdoor walkways and paving designs shall be preserved.13 - 3. Trash, service and utility closets and enclosures shall be designed as an integral part of the building; all enclosing gates shall be solid. B. Building Design 1. Facades Each individual building facade plays a basic role in the visual makeup of the Plaza business district. Storefronts, signs, window displays, color, etc., all play an integral part in the successful design of individual buildings. Collectively, these individual elements can bring visual order to the district. Isolated changes in storefronts, signs, and complete facades have altered the visual unity of individual structures and have led, in part, to the visual disorder of today's commercial street. To restore visual harmony to the Plaza Historic District, the following standards shall apply: a. Only parapet building facades shall be allowed; no exposed sloped roofs. b. All existing historic elements of the building shall be preserved. c. Entryways, doors, windows, transoms, and storefronts shall be consistent and regularly modulated throughout the facade, not haphazardly placed, and consistent with the dominant historic style of the District. d. All decorative elements such as awnings, signage, or lighting shall be symmetrically integrated. e. Wainscotting, when proposed, shall be twenty inches minimum height. Any of the discussed building materials will be permitted, including wood siding, provided traditional detailing is used. f. Rehabilitation of many rear elevations can be achieved through replacement of windows, doors, or second story porches, along with cleaning, painting, and brick restoration. g. All existing exposed conduits and brackets shall be removed at such time as related renovations occur. 2. Height a. The height of new or rehabilitated buildings shall not exceed two stories or thirty feet, nor be taller than adjacent buildings, whichever is the lesser height. b. New stories shall not be built on top of existing buildings. 3. Entrances a. All entrances shall be recessed, and entrance recesses shall not exceed seven feet. b. All entrances shall be symmetrically located within an expressed building bay, except for frontages less than twenty five feet in width. Entrances for frontages less than twenty five feet in width may be asymmetrical. 14- c. Narrow framed doors or anodized aluminum storefronts shall not be permitted. d. Double fronting can offer the functional advantages of attracting customers from the parking lot or alley way as well as through the main storefront entrance. 4. Windows a. "Blocking down" or altering window or door openings shall be avoided. If original openings have already been altered, open the blocked window to its original height or width and replace the full cavity with a new or restored window frame. b. If a new interior ceiling must be dropped below the height of existing windows, use a recessed setback for the dropped ceiling along the window wall. This will allow for a dropped ceiling while retaining the full window opening to remain without any alteration in exterior appearance. c. Security bars, if needed, shall not be mounted on the exterior of the building. C. Seismic and Masonry Rehabilitation Standards for Unreinforced Buildings Many of the buildings in the Plaza Historic District were originally constructed of unreinforced masonry construction. In order for these buildings to meet the requirements of the Orange URM Seismic Retrofit Ordinance (OMC Chapter 15.55), it is necessary for the owners to carry out a rehabilitation program. In order to ensure that the seismic retrofit of a building does not compromise the historic character of the building according to the Secretary of the Interiors Standards, the following criteria shall be followed: 1. Shear Walls and Cross Walls a. New interior shear walls and cross walls may be constructed to strengthen the building in order to meet the requirements of the Orange URM Seismic Retrofit Ordinance. b. New interior shear walls or cross walls shall not block storefronts or windows on the principal street facade. 2. Steel Frames a. New steel frames may be installed to strengthen the building in order to meet the requirements of the Orange URM Seismic Retrofit Ordinance. b. The steel frames shall be designed to accommodate the existing fenestration openings, and shall not be visible from the exterior of the building. c. The steel frames shall be installed in a manner to minimize the removal of window trim and omamentation on the walls. d. The steel frames shall be designed to match the opening of existing interior columns and pilasters. 15 - e. The steel frames are encouraged to be painted to blend with the interior space. f. The steel frames installed on the exterior of the building shall be treated in a manner that is consistent with the facade design. g. Steel frames installed outside the facade of the building may require special treatment (i.e. boxing) to be compatible with the existing facade. 3. Repointing a. Repointing shall be done with mortar that matches the existing mortar chemically and aesthetically. b. Repointing may be used to replace existing inappropriate mortar to improve seismic strength. c. The repointing shall not widen or otherwise alter the appearance of the original mortar joints on the exterior. 4. Anchor Bolts a. The anchor bolts shall be installed at 22-1/2 degrees on the principal facade to obviate the necessity for exposed bolt heads.b. Anchor bolts with traditional star-in-circle bolt heads or other appropriate materials may be installed as through bolts on secondary facades and on principal facades with approval by City staff.5. Windows a. Windows may be infilled (with approval) on walls that are not the principal facade if an appropriate infill material is used and recessed according to adopted standards.6. Parapets and Ornamentation a. Parapets and ornamentation shall be braced.b. Missing segments of original parapets and ornaments may be replaced with lightweight materials that duplicate the appearance of the original member.c. Original parapets and ornamentation on principal facades shall not be removed.Other parapets may be removed with City staff approval.d. The exposed exterior edge of concrete beams shall be veneered in matching brick.D. Materials 1. Material substitutes will be considered during project review ( fiber-glass columns, tin cornices, etc.) however, traditional detailing and intent shall be maintained. Any improvements, restoration or new construction shall duplicate details and materials as accurately as possible. See Appendix B for policy on use of alternate materials 2. Sashes shall be wood or steel, consistent to the historical period. Aluminum storefronts shall not be permitted. Doors shall be wood, steel - simulating wood or an approved substitute.3. Exposed rough wood siding and trim shall not be permitted.4. No reflective glass shall be permitted. Translucent or stained glass shall be consistent with the historic period.5. All transoms shall be glazed with transparent or translucent glass.6. Contemporary roll-up service doors are not permitted. 7. No chain link or rough-wood appearance fencing shall be permitted.E. Colors 1. Samples of period colors are available in the Planning Division.F. Lighting 1. Lighting at display windows and entrances shall be incandescent and concealed from direct view. No rotating, blinking, animated, or flashing lights shall be permitted.No colored lights shall be permitted.2. All exterior site lighting (i.e. rear yards or signs) shall be directed inward so as not to disturb adjacent uses.3. Outdoor light fixtures must be compatible with the style and period of the building and not obscure or conflict with significant architectural details of the building.Overhead and exposed wiring and conduit for outdoor lighting is not permitted.G. Slgnage Signs playa substantial role In creating the overall visual character of a business district.As a primary visual element of any commercial area, each sign can enhance the image of the entire business district or detract from it.All signage within the Plaza Historic District shall comply with the following standards in addition to the general requirements of City's Sign Ordinance. Where conflicts arise,these standards supersede the sign code. Historically referenced signs as documented from original building photographs may exceed permitted standards.1. General a. All signs shall be subject to design review by the City prior to Issuance of a permit in order to assure that the sign's size and style is compatible with the historic building and does not cover or obscure significant architectural detailing or features.17- b. All signs, identifying logos, initials, marKs or graphics shall be considered a part of the signage for any project. c. No signs with changeable copy shall be permitted except for gasoline service stations, movie theaters, and places of large public gatherings. d. All signs shall be designed for visual communication to pedestrians and slow- moving vehicular traffic. e. Existing painted wall signs deemed by the City of Orange as having historic significance shall not be removed, defaced, painted over, or covered. Building owners are encouraged to restore these signs and maintain their historic character. f. New signs painted directly on the building wall or facade shall not be permitted. g. No sign shall have more than two faces, and both faces shall be identical. 2. Sign Types a. Freestanding Signs: No freestanding signs shall be permitted in the Plaza Historic District. b. Wall Signs: 1) Number - Wall signs on each building elevation shall be no greater than the number of tenants in a building.2) Size - Wall signs on either the front or rear building elevation shall be limited in area to one square foot for each lineal foot of a tenant's street frontage. Sign length shall be limited to a maximum of 20 feet.3) Letter Height - Letter height is restricted to a maximum of 24 inches and a minimum of 15 inches. Multiple lines of text are permitted in compliance with the sign area requirements.4) Location - Wall signs shall be located in logical "signable" areas such as continuous flat surfaces which are void of windows, doors, or other architectural details. For many older buildings the most appropriate place for signs may be on the lintel strips above storefronts or on transom panels above display windows. For newer buildings, continuous areas of masonry which are often immediately above the top of the storefront offer the best opportunities for sign placement.c. Projecting Signs:1) Number - One projecting sign is permitted per tenant, in lieu of a wall sign.2) Size - Projecting signs on either the front or rear building elevation shall be limited in area to one square foot per sign face for each lineal foot of a 18- tenant's street frontage, with the maximum area of 15 square feet per face. 3) Location - Signs shall be located to provide at least eight feet of vertical clearance between the grade and the lowest point of the sign.d. Hanging Pedestrian (Blade) Signs:1) Number - One hanging pedestrian sign is permitted per tenant, in addition to permitted wall or projecting signs.2) Size - Hanging signs shall be limited in area to eight square feet per sign face.3) Location - Signs shall be located perpendicular to and directly above the sidewalk with at least eight feet of vertical clearance provided between the grade and the lowest point of the sign.e. Window Signs:1) Window sign area shall be calculated as part of the total allowable area for wall signs.2) Window sign with solid background shall be limited to ten percent of the window in which it is located. Window sign consisting of lettering only shall be limited to 20% of the window in which it is located.f. Awnings:1) Awnings which contain signs, graphics, logos, or marks shall be considered signs, and shall be calculated as part of the total allowable area for wall signs. 2) Signage on awnings shall not exceed 30 percent of the projected area of the awning. Projected area is that area as indicated when drawn as part of the buildings elevation. 3) Translucent, backlit plastic awnings are prohibited.3. Letter Styles Letter style shall be in keeping with the historic character and style of the building.The following letter sample lists the recommended type styles.4. Materials a. Signs shall be wood or metal or utilize materials to accurately simulate wood or metal. Neon on painted metal is permitted for projecting and hanging pedestrian signs.b. Plastic, high gloss or shiny surfaces are prohibited.19- y ~~ ~~ ~- ~~ ~~ ~~ ~~ ~~ -Approved Lettering Type Styles. Century Schoolbook Bold abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz 6 &?!~ ~,;~)r((rw" ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ 1234567890 WmdsorBold abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz 6 8l?! U (.,;:) i;j.~"'"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ 1234567890 Antique Olive SemiBold abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz a?I2IB &?!E$ (..;:) iiii/:!!::'ABCDEFGHIJKlMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ le0 1234567890 Helvetica FegJ,.or abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz B ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ 1234567890&?! t$ (.,;:) >><</--W'. Times New Roman abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz ABCDEFGIlliKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ 1234567890&?!$(.,;: )><1-" Other historic lettering type styles may be considered upon request.J~ ~~ ~~ ~_ ~~ ~~ -r ,~ -~ ~~ ,r -~ ~y ,~ ~ H 5. Colors a. No sign shall have more than three colors, excluding logos. b. Muted colors such as browns, oranges, grays, maroon, deep or dark greens, beige, black and white are acceptable colors, subject to intensity, proper color balance, and compatibility with the building color scheme. See Community Development Department for color palette recommended in the Plaza Facade Design Study. 6. Lighting a. No internally illuminated signs shall be permitted or replaced. This includes individually mounted letters as well as conventional "can or cabinet" signs. b. All signs shall be externally illuminated with incandescent lights. c. Wall and projecting signs shall be illuminated from visually concealed sources or approved ornamental exposed incandescent fixtures. d. Window signs shall be illuminated from concealed sources. H. Landscape Standards 1. Streetscape a. Small scale areas between buildings and pedestrian links to rear parking shall include but not be limited to the following trees:: red flowering gum Eucalyptus ficifolia) Chinese weeping banyan Ficus benjamina) crape myrtle Lagerstroemia indica) sweet gum Uquidambar styraciflua) b. The irrigation system for all trees shall be automatically controlled with flood bubblers at each tree. c. Traditional materials which interrelate to the existing hardscape shall be used i.e. brick or modular paved; no stamped concrete). d. If applicant desires additional lighting for pedestrians and the City is in agreement, the fixture and pole shall conform to incandescent lamps with a traditional acorn shaped fixture mounted on a concrete pole 8' - 10' high.20- 2. Rear Elevations and Parking Areas a. Parking areas need to be defined and confined by the use of plant material and low walls where the City deems appropriate. b. The following are examples of landscaping materials that are allowed: camphor tree Cinnamomum camphora) carrotwood Cupania anacardiodes) London plane tree Platanus aesTifolia) Ground Cover: ivy geranium Pelargonium pelatum) star jasmine Trache/ospermum jasminoides) c. Irrigation systems shall be automatically controlled with flood bubblers at each tree. e. Plant hedges or free-standing masonry walls shall be 30" - 36" high. The use of screen walls shall be subject to the approval of the City. f. Incandescent, traditional, low ornamental street and parking area lighting shall be utilized for project lighting. 3. Plaza Park a. Plant material and trees shall reflect the historical species used in the park. b. Park furniture, fixtures, and equipment shall be compatible with the historical period and setting in the plaza. CHAPTER 3 - Downtown Core The Downtown Core is comprised of the eight blocks surrounding the Plaza Historic District,bounded by the centerline of Maple Avenue on the north, Almond Avenue on the south, Grand Street on the east and Lemon Street on the west. Due to its geographic relationship to the Plaza Historic District, it serves two separate functions. Because the Plaza Historic District is listed on the National Register of Historic Places, the Downtown Core serves as a backdrop for the Plaza District, and any new construction must maintain and/or complement the existing historic context. The Downtown Core also acts as a buffer, providing a transition between the massive architectural forms and retail activity of the Plaza Historic District to the smaller architectural scale and more tranquil character of the Residential Quadrants.21 - A. Siting Design 1. Properties with frontage on Glassell Street and Chapman Avenue shall comply with the Plaza Historic District Siting Design Standards. All other properties shall have a front yard setback equal to or greater than the average of the setbacks provided on adjacent structures facing the same street. 2. New streetscape shall be consistent with existing street fumiture and fIXtures located in the public right- of-way.3. Screening shall be provided to conceal service entrances, service yards and trash enclosures.4. A 15 foot landscaped front setback is required for parking areas. Unless provided on an adjacent lot, all parking shall be located to the rear of new developments.B. Building Design 1. Buildings with frontage on Glassell Street and Chapman Avenue shall comply with the Plaza Historic District Facade, Entrance and Window Design Standards.2. The height of new or rehabilitated buildings shall not exceed two stories or 30 feet,nor be taller than adjacent buildings, whichever shall be the lesser height.3. All buildings shall have integrated equipment screening.4. Building style and materials shall be compatible with the proposed use and with the surrounding context. Generally, buildings with a commercial character will be defined by "parapet" construction (no exposed or expressed sloped roofs), and have a front yard setback consistent with the base zone requirements. C. Materials 1. Material substitutes will be considered during project review (fiber- glass columns, tin comices, etc.) however, traditional detailing and intent shall be maintained. Any improvements, restoration or new construction shall duplicate traditional original details and materials as accurately as possible. See Appendix B for policy on use of altemate materials.2. Buildings that are to be residential in character shall appear to be constructed of wood, brick, or stone. Exterior finishes shall be painted horizontal siding, face brick,stone veneer, cement plastic (limited to specific design elements), and shall be smooth in texture or painted wood shingles.3. Exposed roof coverings may be wood shingles, slate shingles, clay tile caps and pans (limited to specific design elements) or composition shingles.4. Aluminum, steel, fiberglass, and plastic awnings or canopies shall not be permitted.5. Marquees, canopies, awnings, and material substitutes will be permitted provided that traditional detailing, textures, finishes and intent are 6. All sashes shall be consistent with the historic period. 7. Exposed rough or resawn siding and trim shall not be permitted. 8. Reflective glass shall not be permitted. 9. All doors shall be wood or steel-simulated wood, including service doors. No contemporary roll-up doors shall be permitted.10. Security bars, if needed, shall not be mounted on the exterior of the building.11. See Appendix B for policy on use of alternate materials. D. Colors Refer to the Plaza Historic District section regarding the use of colors in this District. E. Lighting Refer to the Plaza Historic District section regarding the use of lighting in this District. F. Signage 1. General The Plaza Historic District sign criteria shall apply in the Downtown Core, with exception to freestanding signs.2. Freestanding Signs a. Freestanding signs are prohibited for properties fronting on Glassell Street or Chapman Avenue.b. Area - Freestanding signs shall be limited to a maximum of ten square feet in area for each sign face, excluding the base structure.c. Height - Ground mounted signs shall be limited in height to 42 inches above grade. d. Lighting - Freestanding signs shall use external incandescent lighting.G. Landscape Standards 1. Buildings fronting on Chapman Avenue or Glassell Street shall comply with the Plaza Historic District Landscape Standards.2. All other areas within the district shall comply with the Residential Quadrants Landscape Standards.23- CHAPTER 4 - Spoke Street Corridors This area consists of all properties with frontage on North Glassell Street from Maple Avenue to Walnut Avenue, South Glassell Street from Almond Avenue to the Garden Grove (22)Freeway, East Chapman Avenue from Grand Street to Cambridge Street, and West Chapman Avenue from Lemon Street to Batavia Street.A. Siting Design 1. Minimum front yard setbacks shall be as follows:N. Glassell, S. Glassell and E. Chapman: 15'W. Chapman: 0'No front yard setback shall exceed 25'.2. A fifteen foot landscaped front setback is required for parking areas. Unless provided on an adjacent lot, all parking shall be located to the rear of the structure.3. Front yard setbacks shall be fully landscaped. Other uses within the front yard setback, such as open air dining patios, shall be subject to City approval.4. Side yard setbacks shall be a minimum of five feet, except along West Chapman Avenue where a "0" foot setback is permitted.5. Parking perpendicular to the rear property line shall be set back a minimum of three feet clear and shall be landscaped with trees in wells a maximum of 20 feet on center. 6. In order to minimize vehicular conflicts between on and off site circulation, shared access driveways are encouraged. It is further recommended that rear parking areas be designed in such a manner as to allow circulation between properties.7. A continuous concrete curb shall be provided at all landscaped areas to serve as wheel stops where parking is adjacent to the landscaped areas. Independent wheel stops shall not be permitted.8. All alley rights-of-way shall be landscaped and fenced as approved by the City.9. Trash enclosures, service buildings and service areas shall be screened with landscaping and oriented away from existing residential developments. Any colors and materials shall be compatible with the existing development, unless otherwise approved by the City.10. When required, the developer shall provide new hardscape, sidewalks, street fumiture and street lights in public rights-of-way which are compatible with the existing approved improvements.11. When feasible, rear building entrances shall be enhanced with landscape and hardscape and shall be made accessible as secondary public entrances.12. Required property line division walls shall be solid masonry, a maximum of six feet high. Fences in the front setback shall not exceed 42" in height. All walls fences are subject to review for compatibility with adjacent developments and existing structures. B. Building Design 1. Buildings on East Chapman Avenue and South Glassell Street are encouraged to maintain the residential character of the area. 2. Buildings on North Glassell Street may be commercial or residential in character. 3. On West Chapman, a zero foot setback and parapet building style are encouraged to maintain Plaza Historic District character. 4. Building heights shall not exceed two stories or 30 feet, nor the heights of adjacent buildings, whichever is less. C. Materials 1. Material substitutes will be considered during project review (fiber-glass columns, tin cornices, etc.) however, traditional detailing and intent shall be maintained. Any improvements, restoration or new construction shall duplicate traditional original details and materials as accurately as possible. See Appendix B for policy on use of alternate materials.2. Residential buildings shall appear to be constructed of wood, brick or stone. Exterior finishes may be painted horizontal siding, face brick, stone veneer, cement plaster or painted wood shingles.3. Exposed roof coverings may be wood shingles, slate shingles, clay tile capes and pans or composition shingles.4. Marquees, canopies, awnings, and material substitutes will be permitted provided that traditional detailing, textures, finishes, and intent are maintained.5. All sashes shall be wood or steel, and consistent with the historic period.6. Exposed rough or resawn siding and trim shall not be permitted.7. Reflective glass shall not be permitted.8. All doors shall be wood or steel-simulating wood, including service doors. No contemporary roll-up doors shall be permitted.9. Security bars shall not be mounted on the exterior of the building.10. See Appendix B for policy on the use of alternate materials.D. Colors Refer to the Plaza Historic District section regarding the use of colors in the Spoke Street E. Lighting Refer to the Plaza Historic District section regarding the use of lighting in the Spoke Street Corridors. F. Signage 1. General The Plaza Historic District sign criteria shall apply in the Spoke Street Corridors, with exception to monument signs. 2. Freestanding Signs a. Area - Freestanding signs shall be limited to a maximum of 12 square feet in area for each sign face, excluding the base structure.b. Height - Ground mounted signs shall be limited in height to 42 inches above grade.c. Lighting - Freestanding signs shall use external incandescent lighting.G. Landscape Standards 1. Refer to Plaza Historic District Landscape Standards for street furniture requirements.2. To promote pedestrian traffic, large canopy trees should be planted at consistent intervals in the parkway.H. Parkway/Street Trees All plantings must comply with City standards regarding variety, spacing, utility and vision clearances and tree maintenance. A permit must be obtained from the Public Works Department, Parkway Tree Division, for all plantings in the parkway area.CHAPTER 5 - Residential Quadrants The Residential Quadrants (divided by the intersections of Glassell Street and Chapman Avenue) encompass a majority of the Old Towne District, a square mile area bounded by Walnut Avenue on the north, LaVeta Avenue on the south, Batavia Street on the west and Cambridge Street on the east, including the Nutwood Tract south of LaVeta Avenue and east of Glassell Street, but excluding the Plaza Historic District and Downtown Core located at the center of the Old Towne District, and the Spoke Street Corridors, which converge at the Plaza.The following development standards and design criteria apply to all historic structures within the residential quadrants. These requirements are in addition to the zoning standards applicable to each property. Where conflicts arise, these standards supersede base zoning requirements.In accordance with the Historic Preservation Element of the City's General Plan, these standards recognize that the significance of the historic resource results from the accumulation 26- of historic structures, rather than from isolated individual buildings. Therefore, the followingdesignanddevelopmentstandardsemphasizecontextandcompatibilityindesignofbuildingadditions, rehabilitation or new infill structures. A. General 1. New Construction a. The design of a new residence shall be complementary to other residences on the block. Specifically, infill construction shall be consistent with the following characteristics of contributing buildings on the street: 1) Massing, scale, shape, and proportions. 2) Open space, rhythm and pattern. 3) Landscape features. b. The design of infill construction in those portions of the residential quadrants that are zoned for commercial or industrial uses shall comply with the Design Standards for the Amendment to the Southwest Project area, and the Santa Fe Depot Area Specific Plan. 2. Additions and Alterations to Historic Structures Additions shall be compatible with the other buildings on the block and/or adjacent comer development. This includes compatibility with the street pattern between buildings, their open space, height, mass and bulk. New additions, exterior alterations, or related new construction shall not destroyhistoricfeaturesthatcharacterizetheproperty. The new work shall be compatible with the old in terms of the massing, size, scale and architectural features, to protect the historic integrity of the property and its surroundings. New additions and adjacent or unrelated new construction shall be undertaken in such a manner that if removed in the future, the historic property would be unimpaired. 3. Additions to Non-Historic Structures Additions to and rehabilitation of non-contributing buildings shall usethedesignfeaturesofthebuildingsoriginalperiod, and shall be compatible with its surroundings with respect to size and scale.B. Design Standards 1. Siting Design a. All buildings shall have a minimum front yard setback of 20 feet.b. No required parking shall be permitted in front of any principal building. c. When an industrial zone faces a residential zone, it is recommended that parking and related office uses be situated at the front of the site to reduce impacts associated with operation of manufacturing functions. d. See "The Whole House" for definitions of style and general reference. Also see Appendix B and/or the Planning Department. 2. Building Design - Residential Structures a. Facades 1) Orientation - The principal facade of a new building shall be oriented parallel to the street it faces.2) Floor Elevations - The height of the floor above grade shall be similar to floor height of neighboring properties.3) Facade Elements - In remodeling and restoration of existing buildings, it is recommended that elements such as protruding bays, dormers,covered porches, and various off-sets of the facade generally be preserved, and in new construction, contemporary adaptations of such elements may be appropriate.4) Additions - In order to preserve the facades of existing buildings and to generally maintain the existing character of block faces, the construction of additions to existing contributing buildings are generally discouraged in yards adjoining public streets and should instead be confined to side and rear yards which are generally out of public view.5) Maintenance of Facades and Elevations Facina a Public Street - Where air conditioning units, mechanical equipment, stairways, new exits,additional windows, or other such elements must be added to accommodate the new use, these shall be added to the least visible portions of the building.b. Height and Mass 1) The height of new infill and building additions within the R1 and R2 zones shall not exceed one and one-half stories. Two stories may be permitted subject to issuance of a conditional use permit.2) The height of new infill construction and building additions within the R3 and R4 zones shall be as follows:Properties currently developed with a 2-story residential structure may add-to or rebuild the property to a 2-story height limit.Properties currently developed with a one or one half story residential structure, and are adjacent to a one or one and one half story residential structure, may add-to or rebuild the property to a one and one half story height limit. Properties are considered adjacent when they share any portion of a common boundary, meet at any point or 28- are separated only by a private right of way, or a public right of way less than 36 feet in width. Properties limited to a one and one half story height limit may request additional height to two stories subject to the issuance of a Conditional Use Permit. 3) All new two-story residential construction shall be designed to minimize the impact on the privacy of adjacent properties. Design should employ features such as frosted glass and clearstory windows to minimize visual intrustion from second story windows and shall limit the use of side access stairways/doors, patioslbalconies, and severs shadow producing elevations.4) Cantilevers, as architectural elements, may be permitted on accepted Old Towne styles (Craftsman, Victorian, California Bungalow), where such elements do not project beyond the edge of the eave line of the roof.c. Front Entrances and Porches 1) Detailina - Railings, mouldings, tilework, carvings and other detailing and architectural decorations on front entrances and porches must be typical of the style and period of the main building. 2) Enclosures - A front entrance or porch may not be enclosed with any material, although, mesh screens may be permitted on Craftsman,Victorian, and California Bungalow style structures and retain the style and period of the building.3) Stvle - Each main building must have a front porch or entry treatment with a shape, roof form, materials, and colors that are typical of the style and period of the building. A front entrance or porch must reflect the dominant horizontal and vertical characteristics of the main building.d. Windows and Doors 1) Front facade oDeninas - The number of door openings in the front facade of the main building must not be increased. Each story of a front facade of the main building must contain at least two windows or one window and a door.2) Security and ornamental bars - Security and ornamental bars are only permitted on California Spanish, Medetterean or Mission Style Homes.3) Shutters - Shutters must be typical of the style and period of the building and generally match the size of the opening 4) ~a) All windows and doors in the front facade of the main building must be proportionally balanced in a manner typical of the style and period of the building.29- b) No single, fixed plate glass is allowed except as part of an original period design (i.e. transom and sidelights). The size and proportion of window and door openings located on the front and side facades of the main building must be typical of the style and period of the building. c) All windows and doors in the front and side facades of the main building must be typical of the style and period of the building. d) The frames of windows must be trimmed in a manner typical of the style and period of the building. e. Architectural Features 1) Roofs a) SloDe and Ditch - The degree and direction of roof slope and pitch must be typical of the style and period of the main building and compatible with existing building forms in this district: Victorian, Hip Cottage, California Bungalow, Craftsman Bungalow. Flat roofs are permitted on Mediterranean, Revival, Prairie School, covered porches or porte cocheres. Secondary roof forms for porches or donners shall also be compatible in style and placement. Generally,the roof form must be considered in the context of the existing roof forms on adjacent buildings.b) Overhana - The minimum permitted roof overhang for a new or move-in main building is 18 inches. A replacement roof on an existing building must have an overhang that is equal to or greater than the overhang of the roof it replaces. Additions shall maintain the same size and design of overhang, brackets, and lookout rafters.Exposed eaves, rafter tails, fascia design and material shall be compatible with existing roof style.c) Pattems - Roof patterns of a main building must be typical of the style and period of the architecture of the building.d) Materials - A listing of alternate materials is provided in Appendix B.e) Skvliahts and solar Danels - Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, skylights, and solar panels are only permitted on:1) the rear 50% of the roof of a main building on an interior lot.2) the rear inside quadrant of the roof of a main building on a corner lot; and 3) the roof of an accessory building in the rear yard.The Design Review Board may allow skylights and solar panels at another location on a building if their placement does not have an 30- adverse effect on the architecture of the building, block face, or the Old Towne District as a whole. 2) Stairs Second and third story exterior staircases are only permitted on accessory buildings and the rear 50% of the main building, except that they are not permitted on exterior street elevations. 3) Columns a) Function - Columns are only permitted as vertical supports near the front entrance of the main building or as vertical supports for porches. b) Materials - Columns must be constructed of brick, stucco, wood, cut stone, or other materials that look typical of the style and period of the main building. No pipe or wrought iron columns are permitted.c) Stvle - Columns must be of a style typical of the style and period of the main building. d) Width dimensions - The width of a column shaft at its widest point must be at least: 1) one-eighth of the height of the column for a one-story column;and 2) one- tenth of the height of the column for a two-story column. 4) Chimneys All chimneys must be compatible with the style and period of the main building. Chimneys on the front 50% of a main building or on a comer side elevation must be constructed of brick, stucco, natural stone, or other materials that match or are compatible in texture, color and style with the main building; and of a style and proportion that is typical of the style and period of the main building. 5) Eaves and soffit height The eaves or soffit height of a main building must be within 10% of the eaves or soffit height of the dosest main building in this district of a similar style and having the same number of stories. 6) Porte cocheres (covered entrance porch) Porte cocheres must be preserved as architectural features and not be enclosed by fences, gates, or other structures or materials. 31 - 3. Building Design - Non-Residential Structures a. There are several small 1930's commercial structures located within residential zones in the northwest and southwest residential quadrants. These structures are considered non-conforming, and are subject to the Orange Municipal Code requirements pertaining to non-conforming structures and uses. Any exterior repair, rehabilitation or minor changes that are permitted by the Orange Municipal Code, must be conducted in accordance with the design provisions of the Southwest Project Area Old Towne Thematic District.b. The Design Standards for the Amendment to the Southwest Project Area shall apply to non-residential building additions and infill construction in those areas zoned for commercial and industrial use. These standards cover new construction, adaptive reuse, new additions, rehabilitation and general site standards.c. All projects within the boundaries of the Santa Fe Depot Area SpecifiC Plan shall comply with the provisions of that Plan.4. Materials a. In general, the only permitted facade materials are brick, wood siding, cut stone, and stucco. Where such architectural styles used a mixture of materials it will be permitted, otherwise all four sides shall use the same material. All facade treatments and materials must be typical of the style and period of the main building, and the level of detailing shall be the same for all facades.b. Brick. All exposed brick on facades must be fired brick as defined by the American Standard Testing Materials Designation.c. Wood Facades. Existing wood facades must be preserved as wood facades.Wood shingles are not permitted as a primary facade material, but may be used in gables and on columns and foundation skirts in a manner that is typical of the style and period of the main building.d. Material substitutes will be considered during project review (fiber-glass columns, tin cornices, etc.) however, traditional detailing and intent shall be maintained. Any improvements, restoration or new construction shall duplicate traditional original details and materials as accurately as possible. See Appendix B for policy on use of alternate materials.5. Colors a. All structures shall have a dominant color. The colors of a structure must be compatible.b. Fluorescent and metallic colors are not permitted on the exterior of any structure.c. The use and color of stain shall be typical of the architectural style and period of d. Brick surfaces not previously painted shall not be painted unless it has been determined through city review that painting is absolutely necessary to restore or preserve the brick, or, when adding to or renovating the existing structure, a replacement brick of similar color and texture is not obtainable. 6. Lighting Outdoor light fixtures must be compatible with the style and period of the main building and not obscure or conflict with significant architectural details of the building. Overhead and exposed wiring and conduit for outdoor lighting is not permitted. 7. Signage Refer to the City's Sign Ordinance for the requirements that apply to signs in the residential quadrants. Requirements are based upon the base zoning and, in some cases, the type of use. 8. Landscape Standards a. General In contrast to the formal patterns in the Plaza Historic District and Spoke Street Corridors, the character of the residential landscape is established with a variety of plant materials. b. Fences 1) Fences must be constructed and maintained in a vertical position. 2) The top edge of a fence must be along a line that is either horizontal, or substantially parallel to grade. 3) Fences and walls located within the front yard setback area shall not exceed 42" in height. Fences and walls located in side and rear yards shall not exceed six feet in height. Where there is a difference in grade between adjacent properties, the maximum fence height shall be six feet as measured from the high grade side and eight feet as measured from the low grade side. 4) The color, texture, pattern and dimensions of masonry columns and bases, and the color, width, type and elevation of mortar joints in a fence column or base must match the masonry and mortar joints of the main building as nearly as practicable. All exposed brick in a fence column or base must be fired brick as defined by the American Standard Testing Materials Designation. 5) Wrought iron and metal fences must be compatible with the style and period of the main building. If a wrought iron or metal fence is painted or colored, the color must complement the color of the main building. 33- 6) Wooden fences must have structural posts at least four inches in diameter nominal size). The side of a wooden fence facing a public street must be the finished side. Wooden fences may be painted or stained a color that is complementary to the main building. c. Sidewalks, Driveways and Curbing 1) Materials a) All private sidewalks and curbing must be constructed of concrete, or brick that matches or is compatible in texture, color, and style with the surrounding paving materials. 2) Width, Style and Spacing a) In new developments of four units or fewer, the minimum pennitted width of a driveway in the front yard is nine feet, the maximum width is 12 feet. b) Ribbon driveways are encouraged for new residential projects to break up the expanse of paving and to provide increased landscaping. When used, the ribbon must cover 75% of the length of the driveway, and have a minimum internal grass width of 18 inches. c) A driveway constructed in the front yard must be spaced a minimum of one foot from an existing driveway on an adjacent lot. d. Parkway/Street Trees All plantings must comply with City Standards regarding spacing, utility and vision clearance and maintenance. A pennit must be obtained from the Public Works Department, for all plantings in the parkway area. A "Designated Parkway Tree List" is available from the Public Works Department. 34- APPENDIX A DESIGN GLOSSARY ADAPTIVE REUSE - converting a building designed for specific use to a new use (e.g. a residence converted to office space).ARCADE - an arched roof or covered passage way.ARCH - a curved structure supporting its weight over an open space such as a door or window.ARTICULATION - clear and distinct separation between design elements.ART DECO - a decorative style widely used in the architecture of the 1930's, characterized by a smooth wall surface (usually of stucco), sharp angular surface forms such as zigzags,chevrons, and other stylized and geometric motifs, usage of towers and other vertical projections above the roof line to give a vertical emphasis.ASYMMETRY - the balanced arrangement of different elements without a common axis.AWNING SIGN - lettering is usually stenciled or applied directly on an awning edge or "fringe"area. Dar1<er colored awnings with white lettering are recommended. Awning signs are visible from passing automobiles and from pedestrians across the street surveying several businesses at a glance.BACKLIT - illuminated internally or from the inside. BALUSTER - an upright support for a rail.BALUSTRADE - a series of balusters surmounted by a rail. BA TIERED - flared or sloping design found at the base of piers, and fireplaces of craftsman homes.BAUHAUS - a school of design established in Germany by Walter Gropius in 1919. The term became synonymous with modem teaching methods in architecture and the applied arts, and with a functional aesthetic for the industrial age.BAY - a regularly repeated spatial element in a building defined by beams or ribs or their supports.BAY WINDOW - a window projecting outward from the main wall of a building. BLADE OR HANGING PEDESTRIAN SIGN - generally a small and pedestrian oriented sign presenting itself perpendicular to and directly above the sidewalk. This type of sign typically consists of paint on wood or metal. Lighting is received by ambient and/or accent sources.The sign lends itself to artistic expression on both sign faces and in some cases on the mounting frame itself which can become a further decorative design element. May also be referred to as a guild sign.35- BLOCKFACE - within a block, the properties along one side of the street, which face that street. BOLLARD - a vertical, freestanding, short post used as a barrier to vehicles.BRACKET - a support element under overhangs; often more decorative than functional.CAPITAL - the upper part of a column, pilaster, or pier: the three most commonly used types of Corinthian, Doric, and Ionic.CANTILEVER - a beam or architectural element projecting beyond a wall line without support from below.CLAPBOARD - a long thin board graduating in thickness with the thick overlapping the thin edges; also known as weatherboard.CLERESTORY - an upward extension of a single storied space used to provide windows for lighting and ventilation.COLONNADE - a row of columns supporting a roof structure.CONTRIBUTING BUILDING OR STRUCTURE (as used in this document) - all pre-1940 buildings and structures located within an established historic district, whether individually designated historic or not, provided they retain their original architectural features. All contributing structures are subject to the historic preservation design standards and the Department of the Interior's Standards for Rehabilitation. CORNICE - a projection at the top of a wall, usually decorative.CRITERIA - flexible recommendations designed to develop compatibility among the building,its neighbors, and the area. Criteria are flexible to avoid the danger of sameness. They encourage rather than insist, and discourage rather than prohibit. They guide, but can't design.CUPOLA - a small structure, sometimes rectangular but usually round in plan, projecting from the ridge of a roof.DENTIL - alternate square block and blank spaces on a cornice that give the appearance of teeth.DESIGN ZONE - the area within which a proposed building must consider adjacent developments for consistency of design.DOME - a hemispherical roof or ceiling.DORMER - a vertically framed window which projects from a sloping roof and has a roof of its own.DOUBLE HUNG WINDOW - a window with an upper and lower sash arranged so that each slides vertically past the other.36- DOWNTOWN CORE - that area within the Old Towne district comprised of the eight blocks surrounding the Plaza Historic District, bounded by the centerline of Maple Avenue on the north, Almond Avenue on the south, Grand Street on the east and Lemon Street on the west.EAVES - the under part of a sloping roof that overhangs a wall.ECLECTIC - a composition of elements from different styles.ELEVATIONS - a straight on view showing the appearance of a single wall of a structure,consisting of the pattern made by wall, roof and details. A structure usually has four elevations, front, sides and rear. The front elevation is generally called the principal elevation or facade.EXPOSED RAFTER TAILS - decorative roof rafters which extend out under the eaves.FACADE - the exterior face of a building which is the architectural front, sometimes distinguished from other faces by elaboration of architectural or ornamental details.FASCIA - a flat strip or band with a small projection, often found near the roofline in a single story building.FINIAL - a vertical ornamentation at the top of a gable or tower.FENESTRATION - the arrangement and design of windows in a building.FRIEZE - a decorative sculptural ornament which is very flat and shallow.GABLE - the triangular part of an exterior wall, created by the angle of a pitched roof.GABLE ROOF - a double pitched roof.GAMBREL ROOF - a roof with a broken slope creating two pitches between eaves and ridges,found often on barns.GARISH - that which is gaudy, showy, flashing, dazzling, or too bright to be aesthetically pleasing.HIP ROOF - a roof with four uniformly pitched sides.HISTORIC RESOURCE - structures, sites and features identified in the 1982 Historic Inventory as historic resources ( i.e. Plaza Park, Morton Bay Fig Tree, Plaza Fountain, etc.)HISTORIC STRUCTURE - any structure constructed prior to 1940.INFILL - generally refers to a newly constructed building within an existing developed area. As used in this book the term refers to non-historic buildings which have been constructed in the Old Towne Historic District.INTERNATIONAL STYLE - the functional style of architecture, devoid of regional characteristics, created in Western Europe and the USA during the early 20th century and applied throughout the world. Houses constructed in the international style are characterized by a flat roof, usually without a ledge (coping) at the roof line, metal casement windows set 37- flush with the outer wall, smooth unomamented wall surfaces with no decorative detailing at doors or windows, and an asymmetrical facade. KIOSK - a small, light structure with one or more open sides.LINTEL - the horizontal member above a door or window which supports the wall above the opening.MANSARD - a roof with two slopes on each side, the lower slope being much steeper,frequently used to add a window to an upper story.MODERNE - a style of architecture characterized by a smooth wall surface (usually of stucco),a flat roof, usually with a small ledge (coping) at the roof line, horizontal grooves or lines in walls and horizontal porch railings giving a horizontal emphasis, and a facade that is generally asymmetrical. Other characteristic features include curved building comers, use of glass block, and round windows. MONOCHROMATIC - painting with a single hue or color.MOVEMENT - the apparent directional emphasis of a building facade as indicated by its proportions. Static movement is based on square proportions, dynamic movement is based on rectangular proportions.MULLIONS - the divisional pieces in a multi-pane window.NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARK - the highest designation of a historically significant site or building in the United States.NEWEL POST - the major upright support of the end of a stair railing or a guardrail at a landing.NON-CONTRIBUTING STRUCTURE (as used in this document) - buildings within an historic district which do not contribute to the district because the buildings are either contemporary in architectural style or they are historic structures which no longer contain the architectural features characteristic of the buildings original construction.NON- DESCRIPT - without distinctive architectural form or style. Ordinary and without architectural character.PALLADIAN WINDOW - a three part window with central, top-arched portion and long, narrow rectangular windows on either side.PARAPET - the part of a wall which rises above the edge of a roof.PARKWAY TREE/STREET TREE - a tree that is planted between the curb and sidewalk, or on City right-of-way area. These trees are planted by homeowners or builders, by permit. Some of the trees are planted by the City. PARTY WALL - a single or double wall at a side property line which provides structural support and fire protection for the two buildings on each side of the property line.38- PERMITTED - (as used in this book). Designs which are allowed or encouraged to solve problems addressed in the text. These designs are suitable examples, but are not the only ones acceptable.PIER - a stout column or pillar.PILASTER - a column attached to a wall or a pier.PITCH - the slope of a roof expressed in tenns of a ratio of height to span.PLAZA HISTORIC DISTRICT - this District consists of the City's original commercial core of historic structures dating from the 1880's to the 1930's, surrounding the central public square and circular Plaza at Glassell Street and Chapman Avenue. The Plaza was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on March 9, 1982.PORTAL - the principal entry of a structure.PORTE COCHERE - a large covered entrance porch through which vehicles can drive.PORTICO - a large porch, usually with a pedimented roof supported by columns.POST MODERN - 1950 -1990 opposition style and reaction against modernism, often exaggerating certain characteristics of modernist fonns. The style was characterized by use of classical architectural elements placed on a contemporary structure to create a sense of drama or confusion.PRESERVATION - the treatment of an existing building to stop or slow deterioration, stabilize the structure and provide for structural safety without changing or adversely affecting its fabric or appearance.PROHIBITED - (as used in this book). Design approaches which are not allowed unless otherwise detennined by the City for a specific case.PROPORTION - the relationship of the dimensions of building masses or architectural elements in plan or elevation, usually expressed as a ratio. For instance, if a building's facade is 20 feet high and 30 feet wide, its proportion is 2: 3.RAFTER - a structural member of the roof that extends from the ridge to the eaves and is used to support the roof deck, shingles, or other roof coverings.RAIN CAP - a flared section of clapboard above first floor windows on a two story structure.REHABILITATION - alterations to historic buildings which maintain the significant architectural style of the building while meeting the needs of current uses.REMODELING - any change or alteration to a building which substantially alters its original state.RENOVATION - to make like new again.REPRODUCTION - to produce again.39- RECONSTRUCTION - the construction, on its original site, or a replica of a building or facility which no longer exists, based upon archeological, historical, documentary and physical evidence. Both modem and traditional construction techniques may be used.RECYCLING, ADAPTIVE REUSE - the reuse or new use of older structures that would otherwise be demolished, often involving extensive restoration or rehabilitation of the interior and/or exterior.REHABILITATION, RENOVATION - the modification of or changes to an existing building in order to extend its useful life or utility through repairs or alterations, while preserving the features of the building that contribute to its architectural, cultural or historic character.REPOINTING - removal of unconsolidated or loose mortar joints between exterior brick or stone masonry, and the replacement of new mortar to bond the courses of brick or stone.Repointing also refers to the finish pattern or tooling of the joint: raked, flush, "V" shaped,concave or beaded.RESIDENTIAL QUADRANTS - that area divided by the intersections of Glassell Street and Chapman Avenue, encompassing a majority of the Old Towne District, a square mile area bounded by Walnut Avenue on the north, La Veta Avenue on the south, Batavia Street on the west and Cambridge Street on the east, including the Nutwood tract south of La Veta Avenue and east of Glassell Street, but excluding the Plaza Historic District and Downtown Core located at the center of the Old Towne District, and the Spoke Street Corridors, which converge at the Plaza.RESTORATION - the careful and meticulous return of a building to its appearance at a particular time period, usually on its original site, by removal of later work and/or replacement of missing earlier work.RETROFITTING -seismic structural strengthening of unreinforced masonry buildings.RHYTHM - the regular or harmonious recurrence of lines, shapes, forms, elements or colors,usually within a proportional system.RIDGE - the highest line of a roof where sloping planes intersect.SCALE - the interrelation of the size or architectural spaces, masses, elements, construction units, with the dimensions of the human figure.SHED ROOF - a sloping, single planed roof as seen on a lean-to.SHIPLAP SIDING - a horizontal siding, usually wood, with a beveled edge to provide a weathertight joint.SIGNIFICANT ARCHITECTURAL STYLE - the style of the building which existed when that building became important historically.SILHOUETTE - profile or outline of an object. SKIRTING - flared clapboards found at the base or first course of perimeter siding.SOFFIT - the finished underside of an eave.40- SPOKE STREETS - that area within the Old Towne district consisting of all properties with frontage on North Glassell Street from Maple Avenue to Walnut Avenue, South Glassell Street from Almond Avenue to the Garden Grove (22) Freeway, East Chapman Avenue from Grand Street to Cambridge Street, and West Chapman Avenue from Lemon Street to Batavia Street.STORY, HALF - one half story as opposed to full story buildings are structures in which the top floor area is within the established roof line, and room heights within the % story' space conform to the Uniform Building Code regulations for "Habitable" space. The building has two floors of habitable rooms but appears as a one-story structure from an architectural standpoint.The half story may contain dormers.STREET FURNITURE - functional elements located in street right of way, such as street lights, fire hydrants, benches, tree grates, and bus shelters.STREETSCAPE - those elements of the street scene including general appearance of buildings facing the street, placement and spacing of structures in relationship to each other and to the street, width of the street and appearance of driveways, sidewalks, signage, street lights, and landscaping features.SYMMETRY - the balanced arrangement of equivalent elements about a common axis.TOWER - a building or structure typically higher that its diameter.TRIANGULAR KNEE BRACE - a decorative triangle bracket located along the gable end of a roof which supports the overhang.TRANSOM WINDOWS - a horizontal window frame with decorative glass placed above a picture window or door of the same length.TURRET - a little tower often at the comer of a building.WAINSCOT - a decorative or protective facing applied to the lower portion of an interior partition or wall, such as wood paneling or facing material.41 - APPENDIX B SUPPLEMENTAL DOCUMENTS These documents are available for reference or purchase through the City of Orange Community Development Department). The Whole House An information Guide to Home Maintenance & Rehabilitation City of Orange Planning Department Historic Preservation Element General Plan City of Orange Planning Department Southwest Redevelopment Project Area Design Standards Secretary of Interior Guidelines Chapman College Specific Plan Santa Fe Depot Area Specific Plan State CEQA (California Environmental Quality Act) Guidelines URM Seismic Retrofit Ordinance (OMC Chapter 15.55) Use of Alternate Materials 42- THE SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR'S STANDARDS FOR REHABILITATION Included in this document as they apply to buildings on the National Register of Historic Places.) 1. A property shall be used for its historic purpose or be placed in a new use that requires minimal change to the defining characteristics of the building and its site and environment. 2. The historic character of a property shall be retained and preserved. The removal of historic materials or alteration of features and spaces that characterize a property shall be avoided. 3. Each property shall be recognized as a physical record of its time, place, and use. Changes that create a false sense of historical development, such as adding conjectural features of architectural elements from other buildings, shall not be undertaken. 4. Most properties change over time; those changes that have acquired historic significance in their own right shall be retained and preserved. 5. Distinctive features, finishes, and construction techniques or examples of craftsmanship that characterize a historic property shall be preserved. 6. Deteriorated historic features shall be repaired rather than replaced. Where the severity of deterioration requires replacement of a distinctive feature, the new feature shall match the old in design, color, texture, and other visual qualities and, where possible, materials. Replacement of missing features shall be substantiated by documentary, physical or pictorial evidence. 7. Chemical or physical treatments, such as sandblasting, that cause damage to historic materials shall not be used. The surface cleaning of structures, if appropriate, shall be undertaken using the gentlest means possible. 8. Significant archeological resources affected by a project shall be protected and preserved. If such resources must be disturbed, mitigation measures shall be undertaken. 9. New additions, exterior alterations, or related new construction shall not destroy historic materials that characterize the property. The new work shall be differentiated from the old and shall be compatible with the massing, size, scale, and architectural features to protect the historic integrity of the property and its environment. 10. New additions and adjacent or related new construction shall be undertaken in such a manner that if removed in the future, the essential form and integrity of the historic property and its environment would be unimpaired. 43- USE OF ALTERNATE MATERIALS Maintenance and ReDair of Structures In most cases, the recommended policy is to retain, repair or restore original architectural elements rather than to replace them. If such elements cannot be repaired or recreated, the replacement should be made with the original material when possible, but when necessary, substitutions may be made with materials that match in design, texture and color. Buildina Additions and New Construction When owners construct additions to existing historic and non historic structures, the materials should match the original. When constructing a detached garage, second unit and or new infill construction, alternate materials such as hardboard siding, hardboard garage doors, high density polymer architectural elements can be used where such elements and materials convey the visual appearance of the original feature. Sources and TVDes of Substitute Materials The City's Planning Department has a listing of sources for historical products as listed in "Traditional Building". Listed are sources for original, reproduction, and substitute materials including cast stone, aluminum, columns, fiber cement shingles for roofing and siding, sheet metal ornamentation, glass fiber reinforces concrete architectural elements and replacement historic windows made of aluminum and steel. 44-