RES-8702 Statement of Investment Policy FY 1996-97RESOLUTION NO" 8702
A
RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE
CITY OF ORANGE APPROVING AND ADOPTING
A STATEMENT OF INVESTMENT POLICY
AND REPEALING RESOLUTION NO"8688,
WHEREAS,
Government Code g53600 ~~. sets forth detailed provisions regarding permitted
and prohibited investments by cities and accountability therefor; and WHEREAS,
the City Council adopted Resolution No. 8688 amending the City's Statement
ofInvestment Policy; and WHEREAS,
the Investment Oversight Committee has prepared a draft revised Statement
of Investment Policy taking into consideration the recommendations of the City's Investment
Advisory Committee and the public; and WHEREAS,
the City has had the policy reviewed by both the City Attorney and special
outside counsel for compliance with the law.NOW,
THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the City Council of the City of Orange
as follows:SECTION
I:That
Resolution No. 8688 be repealed in its entirety.SECTION
II:That
the Statement of Investment Policy attached hereto as Exhibit "A" is the City's Statement
of Investment Policy and is duly adopted in accordance with state law and Orange Municipal
Code Chapter 2.49.ADOPTED
this
8th
day of October 1996.ATTEST:If City
Clerk
of
the d-
I hereby certify that the foregoing Resolution was duly and regularly adopted by the
City Council of the City of Orange at a regular meeting thereof held on the 8th day of
October , 1996, by the following vote:
AYES:
COUNCIL MEMBERS:MURPHY, BARRERA, COONTZ, SPURGEON, SLATER NOES:
COUNCIL MEMBERS:NONE ABSENT:
COUNCIL MEMBERS:NONE ABSTAIN:
COUNCIL MEMBERS: NONE Reso
No. 8702 2-DAD:ajj
CITY OF ORANGE
AND THE
ORANGE REDEVELOPMENT AGENCY
STATEMENT OF INVESTMENT POLICY
PRESENTED
OCTOBER 8, 1996
REGULAR MEETING
4:30 PM Session
300 E. Chapman Avenue
Council Chambers Room
City Council Members:
Joanne Coontz, Mayor
Fred L. Barrera, Mayor Pro Tern
Mike Spurgeon
Mark A. Murphy
Dan Slater
David L. Rudat
City Manager
CITY OF ORANGE AND
ORANGE REDEVELOPMENT AGENCY
STATEMENT OF INVESTMENT POLICY
Fiscal Year 1996-
97
Section ~1.0 INVESTMENT POLICY
OVERVIEW1.1 Policy
I1.2 Purpose
I 1.3 Investment Objectives
I1.4 Prudence
2 L5 Ethics
2 2.0 OPERATIONS AND
PROCEDURES 2.1 Scope
2 2.2 Delegation Of Authority
3 2.3 Investment Oversight Committee
42.4 Authorized Institutions And Dealers
4 2.5 Collateral Requirements
5 2.6 Safekeeping And Delivery
5 3,0 PERMITTED INVESTMENTS AND RISK
MANAGEMENT 3.1 Investments Authorized
6 3.2 Prohibited Investment Vehicles And Practices
7 3.3 Mitigating Risk In The Portfolio
7 4.0 REPORTING, REVIEW AND
AUDITS 4.1 Monthly Reports
9 4.2 Internal Controls
94.3 Annual Audit
104.4 Special Audits
10 5.0 INVESTMENT POLICY ADOPTION
10 GLOSSARY
r
CITY OF ORANGE AND
ORANGE REDEVELOPMENT AGENCY
STATEMENT OF INVESTMENT POLICY
Fiscal Year 1996-
97 1.
0 1.
1 INVESTMENT POLICY
OVERVIEW
POLICY It is the policy of the City of Orange (City) to invest funds in a manner which
will provide foremost for the safety of principal, while meeting the short and long
term cash flow demands of the City, and conforming to all statutes governing
the investment of City
funds.Annually, in accordance with California Government Code (CGC) Section
53646,the Treasurer will render to the City Council a Statement of Investment Policy
for consideration and approval at a public meeting. Any investment currently held
at that time that does not meet the guidelines of this policy, as changed from time
to time by the City Council, shall be exempt from the requirements of this
policy.However, at the investment's maturity or liquidation, such funds shall
be reinvested only as provided by this
policy.1.2
PURPOSE This Statement of Investment Policy (SIP) is set forth by the City for
the following
purposes:a) To establish a clear understanding for the City Council,
Investment Committees, City management, responsible employees, citizens and
third parties, of the objectives, policies and guidelines for the investment of
the City's idle and surplus
funds.b) To offer guidance to investment staff, brokers and any external
investment advisors on the investment of City
funds.1.3 INVESTMENT
OBJECTIVES Within the overriding requirement of compliance with all Federal, State and
local laws governing the investment of moneys under the control of the Treasurer,
and as specified in the CGC Section53600.5, when investing, reinvesting,
purchasing,acquiring, exchanging, selling and managing public funds, the primary
objectives,in priority order, ofthe investment activities shall
be:a) Safety: Safety of principal is the foremost objective of the
investment program. Investments of the City shall be undertaken in a manner
that seeks to ensure the preservation of capital in the overall
portfolio.
b) Liquidity: The investment portfolio will remain sufficiently liquid to
enable the City to meet all operating requirements which might be
reasonably anticipated.
c) Return on Investments: The investment portfolio shall be designed and
managed with the objective of attaining a market rate of return throughout
budgetary and economic cycles, taking into account the investment
objectives, authorized investments, and the cash flow needs of the City.
The Treasurer's monthly reports shall include benchmark reporting to
define "a market rate of return "; which shall be the performance rates of
the Merrill Lynch 1-3 Year Treasury Index, as published in a
financial journal of wide circulation. The benchmark shall be used solely as
a reference tool. The Treasurer shall not add additional risk to the
portfolio in order to attain or exceed the
benchmark.1.4
PRUDENCE Investments shall be made with judgment and care, under circumstances
then prevailing, which persons of prudence, discretion and intelligence exercise in
the management of their own affairs; not for speculation, but for
investment,considering the probable safety of their capital as well as the probable income
to be derived. The standard of prudence to be used by investment officials shall
be the "prudent investor" standard (CGC Section53600.3) and shall be applied in
the context of managing an overall portfolio. The Treasurer and other
investment employees, acting within the intent and scope of the SIP and other
written procedures, and exercising due diligence, shall be relieved of
personal responsibility for an individual security's credit risk or market price
changes,provided deviations from expectations are reported in the immediately
following Treasurer's Report and appropriate action is taken to control
adverse developments. When a deviation poses a significant risk to the City's
financial position, the City Council shall be notified
immediately.I.S
Ethics Elected officials, City officers and employees and any other individuals
involved in investment operations are prohibited from personal business activity that
could conflict with the proper execution of the investment program, or which
could impair their ability to make impartial investment decisions, or which could
give the appearance thereof. Furthermore, these same individuals are prohibited
from undertaking personal investment transactions with any individual with
whom business is conducted on behalf of the
City.2.0 OPERATIONS AND
PROCEDURES 2.1
SCOPE a) This SIP applies to all financial assets of the City and the
Orange Redevelopment Agency (ORA). These funds are accounted for in
the Comprehensive Annual Financial Report (CAFR) and include:
General
Fund, Special Revenue Funds, Debt Service Funds, Capital Project funds,
Enterprise Funds, Internal Service Funds, and Agency Funds.
b)This SIP specifically exempts and does not apply to the following
financial assets and investment activities ofthe City and ORA:
1) The City's Deferred Compensation Plan is excluded because it is
managed by a third party administrator and invested by individual
plan participants.
2)
Proceeds of City or ORA bonds or other debt issues in possession of
a trustee or fiscal agent are not considered to be part of the financial
assets covered by this policy. These bond proceeds shall be
invested in accordance with the requirements and restrictions outlined
in the bond documents.2.
2 DELEGATION OF AUTHORITY a)
The City Council's authority to manage the investment program is derived from
CGC Sections 53600, et seq.b)
In accordance with the City of Orange Municipal Code Chapter 2.26,management
responsibility for the investment program is hereby delegated to
the Treasurer, who shall establish written procedures for the operation of
the investment program consistent with this SIP. Under the provision of
CGC Section 53600.3, the Treasurer is a trustee and a fiduciary subject to
the prudent investor standard.c)
The Treasurer may delegate all, or a portion of, their investment authority to
a Deputy City Treasurer. Prior to the delegation of the investment authority
to a Deputy City Treasurer, the City Treasurer shall notifY the City
Council and request confirmation of the delegation. Delegation of investment
authority will not remove or abridge the Treasurer's investment
responsibility.d)
The City Council may engage the services of one or more external investment
managers to assist in the management of the City's investment portfolio
in a manner consistent with the City's objectives and in accordance
with this SIP. Such external managers may provide advice and
effectuate trades upon specific authorization for each transaction.Such
managers must be registered under the Investment Advisors Act of 1940,
and must have not less than five years' experience investing in the securities
and obligations authorized by the CGC Section 53601, and with assets
under management in excess of five hundred million dollars 500,
000,000). The Treasurer shall review Form ADV of any investment advisor
prior to engagement by the City Council. This Section does not 3
preclude the Treasurer from retaining portfolio consultants within existing
authority.
2.3 INVESTMENT OVERSIGHT COMMITTEE
a) The Orange Municipal Code Chapter 2.50 et seq. of Title 2 establishing an
Investment Oversight Committee (laC) is hereby made part of this SIP.
The laC consists of the Treasurer, the City Manager or designee, and the
Director of Finance. The Treasurer shall act as Chair of the committee,
with the City Manager as Vice Chair. The laC shall act by majority vote.
b) The laC shall, at least annually and more often if directed by the City
Councilor agreed by a majority of the laC, review the City Council's
adopted SIP and report to the City Council its recommendations for any
changes, additions or deletions to the SIP.
c) The laC shall monitor the implementation of the City Council's adopted
SIP and annually submit a compliance report to the City Council.
d) The laC shall review reports to the City Council from the Investment
Advisory Committee and prepare responses as required.
e) The laC shall meet and report quarterly to the City Council summarizing
the laC meetings and the recommendations of the Investment Advisory
Committee. Such report shall contain an unedited copy of the Investment
Advisory Committee's recommendations.
2.4 AUTHORIZED FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS AND DEALERS
a) Institutions eligible to transact investment business with the City shall
include only the following:
1) Primary govemment dealers as designated by the Federal Reserve
Bank;
2) Nationally or state-chartered
banks;3) The Federal Reserve Bank;
and 4) Direct issuers of securities eligible for purchase by the
City.b) Selection of financial institutions and broker/dealers authorized to
engage in transactions with the City shall be at the sole discretion of the
City Treasurer. The Treasurer will maintain a list of financial
institutions authorized to provide investment services to the
City.c) The City Treasurer shall obtain information from qualified
financial institutions to determine if the institution makes markets in
securities appropriate for the City's needs, can assign qualified sales
representatives,and can provide written agreements to abide by the conditions set forth
in the City of Orange SIP. Investment accounts with all financial
institutions
shall be standard non-discretionary accounts and may not be
margin
accounts.d) All financial institutions which desire to become qualified bidders
for investment transactions must supply the Treasurer with the
following:I) Audited financial statements for the institution's three most
recent fiscal
years.2) At least three references from California local agencies
whose portfolio size, investment objectives and risk preferences
are similar to the City'
s;3) A statement certifYing that the institution has reviewed the
CGC Section 53600 et seq., and the City's SIP; and that all
securities offered to the City shall comply fully and in every instance with
all provisions ofthe Code and with this SIP;
and 4) Completed Broker/Dealer
Questionnaire.e) An annual review of the financial condition of qualified institutions
shall be conducted by the
Treasurer.f) Public deposits shall be made only in qualified public depositories
within the State of California as established by State law. Deposits shall
be insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), or, to
the extent the amount exceeds the insured maximum, shall be
collateralized with securities in accordance with State
law.2.5 COLLATERAL
REQUIREMENTS CGC Sections 53652 and 53667 require depositories to post certain types
and levels of collateral for public funds on deposit above the FDIC insurance
amounts.The collateral requirements apply to bank deposits, both active (checking
and savings accounts) and inactive (non-negotiable time certificates
of deposit).2.6 SAFEKEEPING
AND DELIVERY a) To protect against fraud, embezzlement, or losses caused by
collapse of individual securities dealers, all securities owned by the City shall
be held in safekeeping by the City's custodial bank, a third party
bank trust department, acting as agent for the City under the terms of
a custody agreement, and shall be evidenced by
safekeeping receipts.b) All security transactions entered into by the City shall be conducted
on a standard delivery-versus-payment (DVP)
basis, which ensures that securities are deposited with the third party custodian
prior to the release of funds. All securities purchased or acquired shall
be delivered to the City by book entry, physical delivery or by
third party custodial agreement as required by CGC Section 53601. Investments in
the
money market mutual funds are undeliverable and are not subject to
delivery or third party safekeeping requirements.
c) On a daily basis, investment trades shall be verified against the bank
transactions and broker confirmation tickets to ensure accuracy. On a
monthly basis, the custodial asset statement is reconciled with the month
end portfolio holdings. On an annual basis, the external auditor confirms
investment holdings.
3,0 PERMITTED INVESTMENTS AND RISK MANAGEMENT
3,1 INVESTMENTS AUTHORIZED
The City, as empowered by CGC Sections 53601 et seq. and 16429.1, hereby
authorizes the Treasurer to select investments from among the following:
a) United States Treasury notes, bonds, bills or certificates of indebtedness,
or those for which the faith and credit of the United States are pledged for
the payment of principal and interest. (Limits: Maximum time to maturity
at purchase 5 years; no other limits)
b) Obligations issued by banks for cooperatives, federal land banks, federal
intermediate credit banks, federal home loan banks, the Federal Home
Loan Bank, the Tennessee Valley Authority, or in obligations,
participations, or other instruments of, or issued by, or fully guaranteed as
to principal and interest by, the Federal National Mortgage Association, or
other instruments of, or issued by, a federal agency or a United States
government-sponsored enterprise. In every case, any issue
purchased must be fully guaranteed as to principal and interest by the full faith
and credit of the United States, or the issuing federal agency. (
Limits:Maximum time to maturity at purchase 5 years; maximum
concentration 35% of portfolio; and excluding completely Government
National Mortgage Association bonds; i.e., GNMA'
s)c) Shares of beneficial interest issued by diversified management
companies that are Money Market Mutual Funds, registered with the Securities
and Exchange Commission under the Investment Company Act of
1940 investing in the securities and obligations authorized by CGC
Section 53601 Subsections (b) and (e) only (i.e. U.S. Government issues
only).Such Funds must carry the highest rating of at least two of the three
largest national rating agencies. Such Funds must have retained an
investment adviser registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission with
not less than five years' experience managing money market mutual
funds with assets under management in excess of five hundred million
dollars 500,000,000). (Limits: Maximum 90 days Weighted Average
Maturity;maximum concentration 15%
ofportfolio)
d)State af California Local Agency Investment Fund (LAIF) is permitted,
with the knowledge that the fund may invest in some vehicles allowed by
statute but not otherwise authorized by the City Council in this SIP (See
Exhibit I). The Treasurer shall obtain from the State Treasurer, no less
than quarterly, reports providing sufficient detail to adequately judge the
risk inherent in the LAIF portfolio, and shall inform the City Council
immediately of any risks noted that may warrant reconsideration of this
investment vehicle. (Limits: Maximum concentration 15% of portfolio)
e)
Funds held under the terms of a Trust Indenture or other contract or debt issuance
agreement may be invested according to the provisions of those indentures
or agreements.3,
2 PROHIBITED INVESTMENT VEHICLES AND PRACTICES The
City Treasurer is prohibited from the following:a)
Borrowing for investment purposes ("Leverage") is prohibited.b)
Buying or selling securities "on Margin" is prohibited.c)
Investment in any instrument which is commonly known as a "derivative"instrument
options, futures, swaps, caps, floors, collars, U.s. Treasury zero coupan
bonds, U.S. Treasury strips, interest only bonds, interest-only
strips derived from mortgage pools), or any investment that may result in a
zero interest accrual, even if held to maturity, is prohibited.
d) Under the provisions of CGC Sections 53601.6 and 53631.5, the City shall
not invest any funds covered by this SIP in instruments known as
Structured Notes (e.g. inverse floaters, leverage floaters, structured CD's,
range notes, equity-linked securities). Any such investments
are
prohibited.e) Trading securities for the sole purpose of speculating on the
future direction of interest rates is
prohibited.f) State law notwithstanding, any investments not specifically
described herein under Subsections 3.1 a) through 3.1 e) are
prohibited.3,3 MITIGATING RISK IN THE
PORTFOLIO a) Credit
Risk:1) The City will diversifY its investments in accordance with
the limits set forth in Subsection 3.1 of this SIP to diminish the
credit risk resulting from
concentrations.
2) The City, on occasion, may sell a security prior to its maturity
recording a gain or loss) in order to improve the risk structure,
liquidity and yield of the portfolio in response to market
conditions.
3) If securities owned by the City are downgraded by either Moody's
or S&P to a level below the quality required by this SIP, it shall be
the City's policy to review immediately the credit situation and
make a determination as to whether to sell or retain such securities
in the portfolio.
i) If a security is downgraded two grades below the level
required by the City, the security shall then be sold
immediately.
ii) If a security is downgraded one grade below the level
required by this policy, the Treasurer will use discretion in
determining whether to sell or hold the security based on its
current maturity, the loss in value, the economic outlook for
the issuer, and other relevant factors.
iii) If a decision is made to retain a downgraded security in the
portfolio, its presence in the portfolio will be monitored and
reported monthly to the IOC and the City Council.
b) Market Risk: While the City recognizes that longer term portfolios
achieve higher returns, longer term portfolios have higher volatility of
total return. The City will limit market risk by limiting the concentrations,
volume and duration of its longer term investments, as well as limiting
them to funds which are not needed for current year cash flow purposes.
1) Maturities selected shall provide for stability of income and
liquidity, and shall not exceed 5 years from the date of purchase.
No more than 50% of the portfolio shall exceed 2.5 years to
maturity.) The City shall structure its investment portfolio as a
maturity ladder. Funds not required for purposes of meeting cash
flow needs shall be invested in permitted securities so that selected
percentages of the portfolio mature each year to a maximum of five
years.
2) Portfolio maturities shall be managed to avoid undue concentration
in any specific maturity sector.
3) The City shall invest only in fixed rate, fixed coupon securities.
4) The City may, on occasion, sell a security prior to its maturity
recording a gain or loss) in order to diminish the portfolio's
exposure to market risk.
8
4,0 REPORTING, REVIEW AND AUDITS
4.1 MONTHLY REPORTS
a) In accordance with CGC Section 53646 the Treasurer shall submit a
manthly investment report to the City Council, and it shall be due within
30 days of the end of each month. This report shall include a complete
description of the portfolio, the type of investments, the issuers, maturity
dates, par and dollar amounts invested on all securities, the current market
values of each component of the portfalio, the source of the portfolio
valuation, investments and moneys held by the City, and shall additionally
include a description of any of the City's funds, investments, or programs,
that are under the management of contracted parties, including lending
programs.
b) The report shall also include performance measures as recommended by
the Association for Investment Management and Research (AIMR). These
shall include a presentation of Total Return using accrual accounting, and
a Time-weighted Rate of Return using a monthly valuation and one of
the AIMR approved methods of calculation. The report shall also include
a presentation of Yield to
Maturity.c) The report shall also include the performance of the benchmark
described in Subsection 1.3 c) of this SIP as a basis of comparison for the City'
s
portfolio.d) The report shall also include the following
certifications:1) All investment actions executed since the last report have
been made in full compliance with the
SIP.2) The City will meet its expenditure obligations for the next
SIX months as required by CGC Sections53656(b)(2) and (
3).4,2 INTERNAL
CONTROLS The Treasurer is responsible for establishing and maintaining an internal
control structure designed to ensure that the assets of the City are protected from
loss,theft or misuse. The internal control structure shall be designed to
provide reasonable assurance that these objectives are met. Internal controls shall be
in writing and shall address the following points: separation of transaction
authority from accounting and record keeping, safekeeping of assets and
written confirmation of telephone transactions for investments and wire
transfers.4.3 ANNUAL
AUDIT The Treasurer shall insure that the City's annual process of independent review
by an external auditor will include an appropriate investment review to
assure compliance with this policy and acceptable internal controls. The audit shall
be presented to the City Council upon its
completion.
4,4 SPECIAL AUDITS
The City Council may at any time order an audit of the investment portfolio
and/or the Treasurer's investment practices
5.0 INVESTMENT POLICY ADOPTION
The SIP shall be reviewed annually by the City Council and the ORA Board for
consistency with the City's and ORA's overall investment objectives regarding
preservation of principal, liquidity, return, relevance to current law as well as to
current financial and economic trends. Any modifications necessary must be
approved separately by the City Council and the ORA Board. The SIP shall then
be adopted in its entirety, as amended, within 120 days of the fiscal year end by
resolution and vote of the City Council at a public meeting, and separately by the
ORA Board regarding ORA assets.
10
GLOSSARY
AGENCIES: Federal agency securities
ASKED:
The price at which securities are offered.BANKERS'
ACCEPTANCE (BA): A draft or bill or exchange accepted by a bank or trust
company. The accepting institution guarantees payment of the bill, as well as the Issuer.
BENCHMARK:
A segment of the securities market with characteristics similar to the subject
portfolio. It is used to compare portfolio performance to the performance of the appropriate
segment ofthe market. (e.g. I.Year T-Bill rate)
BID: The price offered by a buyer of securities. (When you are selling securities, you
ask for a bid.) See Offer.
BROKER: A broker brings buyers and sellers together for a commission.
CERTIFICATE OF DEPOSIT (CD): A time deposit with a specific maturity
evidenced by a certificate. Large-denomination CD's are typically
negotiable.COLLATERAL: Securities, evidence of deposit or other property which a
borrower pledges to secure repayment of a loan. Also refers to securities pledged by a bank
to secure deposits of public
moneys.COMMERCIAL PAPER: Short-term, negotiable unsecured promissory
notes
of corporations.COMPREHENSIVE ANNUAL FINANCIAL REPORT (CAFR): The
official annual report for the City of Orange. It includes five combined statements for
each individual fund and account group prepared in conformity with GAAP. It also
includes supporting schedules necessary to demonstrate compliance with finance-related
legal and contractual provisions, extensive introductory material, and a
detailed Statistical Section.COUPON: (a) The annual rate of interest that a bond's issuer pramises
to pay the bondholder on the bond's face value. (b) A certificate attached to
a bond evidencing interest due on
a payment date.DEALER: A dealer, as opposed to a broker, acts as a principal in
all transactions, buying and selling for
his own account.DEBENTURE: A bond secured only by the general credit
of
DELIVERY VERSUS PAYMENT: There are two methods af delivery of securities:
delivery versus payment and delivery versus receipt. Delivery versus payment is delivery
of securities with an exchange of money for the securities. Delivery versus receipt is
delivery of securities with an exchange of a signed receipt for the securities.
DISCOUNT: The difference between the cost price of a security and its maturity when
quoted at lower than face value. A security selling below original offering price shortly
after sale also is considered to be at a discount.
DISCOUNT SECURITIES: Non-interest bearing money market instruments that
are issued a discount and redeemed at maturity for full face value; e.g., U.S. Treasury
Bills.DIVERSIFICATION: Dividing investment funds among a variety of securities
offering independent
returns.FEDERAL CREDIT AGENCIES: Agencies of the Federal government set up
to supply credit to various classes of institutions and individuals; e.g., S&L's,
small business firms, students, farmers, farm cooperatives, and
exporters.FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION (FDIC): A Federal
agency that insures bank deposits, currently up to $100,000 per
deposit.FEDERAL FUNDS RATE: The rate of interest at which Federal funds are traded.
This rate is currently pegged by the Federal Reserve through open-
market operations.FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANKS (FHLB): The institutions that regulate and
lend to savings and loan associations. The Federal Home Loan banks playa role
analogous to that played by the Federal Reserve Banks vis-a-
vis member commercial banks.FEDERAL NATIONAL MORTGAGE
ASSOCIATION (FNMA): FNMA, like GNMA, was chartered under the Federal National Mortgage
Association Act in 1938.FNMA is a federal corporatian working under the auspices of
the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). It is the largest single
provider of residential mortgage funds in the United States. Fannie Mae, as the corporation is
called, is a private stockholder-owned corporation. The corporations'
purchases include a variety of adjustable mortgages and second loans. In addition
to fixed-rate mortgages. FNMA's securities are also highly liquid and are
widely accepted. FNMA assumes and guarantees that all security holders will receive
timely payment of principal and interest.FEDERAL OPEN MARKET
COMMITTEE (FOMC): Consists of seven members of the Federal Reserve Board and five of
the twelve Federal Reserve Bank Presidents.The President of the New York Federal Reserve Bank
is a permanent member, while the other Presidents serve on a rotating basis.
The committee periodically meets to set Federal Reserve guidelines regarding purchases and
sales of Government Securities in the open market as a means of influencing the
volume
FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM: The central bank of the United States created by
Congress and consisting of a seven member Board of Governors in Washington, DC, 12
regional banks and about 5,700 commercial banks that are members of the system.
GOVERNMENT
NATIONAL MORTGAGE ASSOCIATION (GNMA or Ginnie Mae):
Securities influencing the volume of bank credit guaranteed by GNMA and issued by
mortgage banks, commercial banks, savings and loan associations, and other institutions.
Security holder is protected by full faith and credit of the U.S. Government.Ginnie
Mae securities are backed by the FHA, VA or FMHM mortgages. The term passthroughs"
is often used to describe Ginnie Maes.LIQUIDITY:
A liquid asset is one that can be converted easily and rapidly into cash without
a substantial loss of value. In the money market, a security is said to be liquid if the
spread between bid and asked prices is narrow and reasonable size can be done at those
quotes.LOCAL
AGENCY INVESTMENT FUND (LAlF): A polled investment vehicle for local
agencies in California sponsored by the State of California and administered by the State
Treasurer.MARKET
CYCLE: A market cycle is defined as a period of time which includes a minimum
of two consecutive quarters of falling interest rates followed by a minimum of two
consecutive quarters of rising interest rates.MARKET
VALUE: The price at which a security is trading and could presumably be purchased
or sold.MATURITY:
The date upon which the principal or states value of an investment becomes
due and payable.MONEY
MARKET: The market in which short-term debt instruments (bills,
commercial paper, bankers' acceptances, etc.) are issued and traded.
NEGOTIABLE CERTIFICATE OF DEPOSIT: A large denomination certificate of
deposit which can be sold in the open market prior to maturity.
OFFER:
The price asked by a seller of securities. (When you are buying securities, you ask
for an offer.) See Asked and Bid.PORTFOLIO:
Collection of securities held by an investor.PRIMARY
DEALER: Group of govemment securities dealers who submit daily reports
of market activity and positions and monthly financial statements to the Federal Reserve
bank of New York and are subject to its informal oversight. Primary dealers 13
include Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)-registered securities broker-
dealers,banks, and a few unregulated
firms.PRUDENT INVESTOR STANDARD: Governing bodies of local agencies or
persons authorized to make investment decisions on behalf of those local agencies
investing public funds pursuant to CGC Section 53600 et seq. are trustees and therefore
fiduciaries subject to the prudent investor standard. When investing, reinvesting,
purchasing,acquiring, exchanging, selling, and managing public funds, a trustee shall act with
care skill, prudence, and diligence under the circumstances then prevailing, that a
prudent person acting in a like capacity and familiarity with those matters would use in
the conduct of funds of a like character and with like aims, to safeguard the principal
and maintain the liquidity needs of the agency. Within the limitations of the CGC
Section 53600 et seq. and considering individual investments as part to an overall strategy,
a trustee is authorized to acquire investments as authorized by
law.QUALIFIED PUBLIC DEPOSITORIES: A financial institution which does not
claim exemption from the payment of any sale or compensating use or ad valorem taxes
under the laws of this state, which has aggregated for the benefit of the commission
eligible collateral having a value af not less than its maximum liability and which has
been approved by the Public Deposit Protection Commission to hold public
deposits.SAFEKEEPING: A service to customers rendered by banks for a fee whereby
securities and valuables of all types and descriptions are held in the bank's vaults for
protection.SECONDARY MARKET: A market made for the purchase and sale of
outstanding issues following the initial
distribution.SECURITIES & EXCHANGE COMMISSION: Agency created by Congress
to protect investors in securities transactions by administering securities
legislation.TIME CERTIFICATE OF DEPOSIT: A non-negotiable certificate of
deposit which cannot be sold prior
to maturity.TOTAL RATE OF RETURN: Represents grawth (or decline) in the value
of a portfolio, including both capital appreciation and income, as a proportion of
the starting
market value.TIME-WEIGHTED RATE OF RETURN: A modified measurement of
Total Rate of Return which eliminates the effect of the timing of funds flaws to and/or
from a
security or portfolio.TREASURY BILLS: A nan-interest bearing discount security issued
by the U.S.Treasury to finance the national debt. Most bills are issued to mature
in three months, six
months,
TREASURY BOND: Long-term U.S. Treasury securities having initial Maturities
of more than 10
years.
TREASURY NOTES: A non-interest bearing discount security issued by the U.
S.Treasury to finance the national debt. Most bills are issued to mature in three months,
six months or one
year.YIELD: The rate of annual income return on an investment, expressed as a
percentage.YIELD TO MATURITY: is the calculated rate of return based upon the present value
of the cash flow from each interest payment, plus the present value of the cash flow from
the investment's redemption value at maturity vs. the purchase
price.
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