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RES-10911 Amending Orange General Planr 4 LAND USE The Land Use Element provides a key policy foundation for the entire General Plan. Through the use of text and diagrams, the Land Use Element establishes clear and logical patterns of Qlanduseaswellasstandardsfornewdevelopment. The goals and policies contained in this Element establish a constitutional framework for future land use planning and decision - making in the City. Another important feature of this Element is the Land Use Policy Map, which indicates the location, density, and intensity of development for all land uses citywide. The proposed land use designations identify the types and nature of development permitted throughout the planning area. The goals and policies contained in this Element are designed to ensure land use diversity and balanced development; encourage mixed -use development; promote commercial enterprise in Orange; encourage high quality industrial development; maintain and enhance the role of Old Towne within the community; encourage an efficient and responsible relationship between land use, transit, open space, and areas of environmental sensitivity; ensure City interests are achieved through inter - jurisdictional and regional planning; and encourage public involvement in land use planning decisions. Purpose of the Land Use Element The Land Use Element is one of seven elements required by the State to be included in Orange's General Plan. The Land Use Element directs and defines development patterns by designating allowable uses, requirements, and locations for both existing and future development. This Element has the most wide - ranging scope in the General Plan, and affects all of the others. Although the interpretation of the Land Use Element is the responsibility of the community's policymakers, this vision of long -term land use will influence short -term plans such as infill development, Specific Plans, and public works investments. Scope and Content of the Land Use Element The Land Use Element is divided into three sections: i) Introduction 2) Issues, Goals, and Policies 3) Land Use Plan The Introduction defines the purpose, scope, and content of the Land Use Element, and its relationship to other General Plan Elements. The Issues, Goals, and Policies section describes the City's intent to encourage diverse land uses that foster a vibrant and sustainable community, and to coordinate planning and public participation activities in determining future land uses. The Land Use Plan section communicates how these goals and policies will be implemented through land use diagrams and maps depicting assigned land uses, locations, and the extent of future use envisioned by the community. The Land Use Plan complies with the requirements of the Land Use Element as stated in Section 65302 of California's Government Code. Land uses requiring future planning include housing, business, industry, open space, forest/timber, agriculture, natural resources, recreation, scenic beauty, education, public buildings and land, solid and liquid waste disposal facilities, and other public and private uses of land." The Land Use Plan also establishes standards for residential density and non - residential building intensity for ORANGE GENERAL PLAN LU -2 f wr LAM USE designated land uses citywide, and it expresses the community's vision for revitalization of eight focus areas located throughout the City. Relationship to Other General Plan Elements The Land Use Element serves as a guide for future development in the City and determines many key issues examined in the remaining Elements. For example, different land uses generate various trip demands, which influence the capacity and service levels of Orange's transportation systems. The Circulation & Mobility Element lays out future transportation services and routes designed to meet the demands of both existing and future development. Future residential development described in the Land Use Element affects the City's housing goals, programs and objectives, which are discussed in the Housing Element. Land use decisions and the City's long -range economic development strategy are also directly inter- related. This Element proposes new development strategies for a number of the City's most important commercial corridors, and advocates intensification of certain areas as mixed -use corridors and urban office and employment centers. These Land Use Element policies are directly related to the Tong -range policies of the Economic Development Element. The Land Use Element also designates areas to be used as open spaces, areas for parks and recreation, and areas for conservation and preservation of natural resources. Goals and policies regarding the preservation and maintenance of these areas are also addressed in the Natural Resources Element. Land uses defined in the Land Use Element are also affected by the Urban Design Element. The goals and policies of the Urban Design Element address physical characteristics of the community, such as building massing, concentration, setbacks, and landscaping features that affect land use requirements. The Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation Element expresses the City's strategy for requiring preservation of structures and areas that carry historic significance. Growth and development patterns in Orange are to be managed in a way that does not overwhelm or reduce the quality of services provided by the City's infrastructure system. The goals and policies of the Growth Management and Infrastructure Elements are related to the contents of the Land Use Element because they affect land use designations and requirements. Safety and noise abatement issues also relate to land uses. To comply with noise level requirements, land use designations are determined in tandem with noise contour maps in the Noise Element. Provisions are made within the Noise Element to allow higher noise levels within the mixed -use environments promoted within the Land Use Element. To mitigate or avoid damage and injury from natural and human - caused hazards, hazards maps in the Safety Element must also be consistent with the Land Use Element. ISSUES GOALS, AND POLICIES The goals, policies, and implementation programs of the Land Use Element address eight citywide issues, as well as issues pertaining to eight focus areas identified within the City. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN LU -3 4 LAND USE land use issues represent opportunities to improve the way land is currently used and the way future land use is planned. These opportunities capitalize on existing community assets, such as hospitals, universities and colleges, transportation networks, and natural features. Land use issues include: (i) ensuring land use diversity and balanced development; 2) encouraging mixed -use development for purposes of promoting convenient and efficient relationships between housing, employment, services, and transit; (3) promoting commercial enterprise in Orange; (4) encouraging high quality industrial development; (5) maintaining and enhancing the role of Old Towne within the community; (6) considering and promoting the contextual and environmental compatibility of various land uses; (7) ensuring City interests are achieved through inter - jurisdictional and regional planning; and (8) encouraging public involvement in land use planning decisions. Land Use Diversity and Balanced Development A well - balanced community provides a broad range of housing and business opportunities as well as recreational, institutional, and cultural activities that serve Orange's diverse population and enhance the overall living environment. By encouraging a mix of land uses, the City can create an active and diverse environment that complements all lifestyles and supports neighborhoods. The City will continue to work toward creating a balanced inventory of land uses that meets the housing needs of all income groups and household types, creates a stable employment and tax base, maintains logical relationships between land uses and community assets, and provides residents with a diverse range of recreational opportunities. GOAL to:Meet the present and future needs of all residential and business sectors with a diverse and balanced mix of land uses. Policy 1.1:Maintain a land use structure that balances jobs and housing with available infrastructure and public and human services. Policy 1.2:Balance economic gains from new development while preserving the character and densities of residential neighborhoods. Policy 1.3:Provide a range of housing densities and types to meet the diverse needs and lifestyles of residents. Policy 1.4:Ensure that new development reflects existing design standards, qualities, and features that are in context with nearby development. Policy 1.5:Prioritize recreation and open space uses at Irvine Lake and protect historic visual resources in east Orange. Policy 1.6:Minimize effects of new development on the privacy and character of surrounding neighborhoods. Policy 1.7:Provide a range of open space and park amenities to meet the diverse needs of current and new residents. Encouraging Mixed — use Development opportunities for creative commercial, residential, office, or mixed -use centers are emerging within older commercial corridors throughout the City. Three different styles of mixed -use are defined in the Land Use Plan and are implemented through five land use ORANGE GENERAL PLAN LU- 4 1 Apoilllit LAND USE designations. The three mixed -use styles are Neighborhood, Old Towne, and Urban. Future development options for these mixed -use areas rely on high quality, pedestrian- oriented design, incorporation of community open spaces, and full integration of alternative transportation modes. Successful completion of high quality mixed -use projects in Orange will assist the City in accomplishing multiple objectives concerned with housing, circulation, land use, economic vitality, recreation, and the environment. GOAL 2.0:Create successful, high quality mixed -use districts consisting of a mix of residential, commercial, office, civic, and common open space land uses, supported by alternative modes of transportation. Policy 2.1:Encourage development of mixed -use projects to revitalize older commercial areas throughout the City and industrial areas surrounding the historic Santa Fe Depot. Policy 2.2:Encourage transfers of development rights within areas designated Urban Mixed -use on the Land Use Policy Map to promote development of high -rise office and residential structures at compatible locations. Policy 2.3:Encourage transfers of development rights within areas designated Neighborhood Mixed -use and Old Towne Mixed -use on the Land Use Policy Map to promote historic preservation and creation of open spaces accessible to the community. Policy 2.4:Encourage mixed -use projects that contain a variety of compatible uses, and provide necessary supporting public and community facilities. Policy 2.5:Minimize traffic and parking impacts of proposed mixed -use projects. Policy 2.6:Encourage linkage in and around mixed -use areas using a multi -modal circulation network, particularly transit, pedestrian sidewalks, paths and paseos, and bicycle and trail systems. Policy 2.7:Ensure that the architecture, landscape design, and site planning of mixed - use projects are of the highest quality, and that they emphasize a pedestrian orientation and safe, convenient access between uses. Policy 2.8:Ensure that adequate gathering areas or plazas are incorporated within mixed -use projects and areas to allow for social interaction and community activities. Policy 2.9:Encourage mixed -use development to include ground floor retail. Vibrant Commercial Districts Commercial activities continue to play an important role in shaping the City. Business activities provide jobs and revenue that support important community services. Much of the City's revenue comes from sales tax generated by commercial establishments. The City will continue to revitalize and improve the appearance of aging commercial districts. The City will encourage land use patterns and development standards that promote vibrant commercial activities, take advantage of existing land use assets, assist existing businesses that want to expand, promote the local economy and existing establishments, and reinforce the relationship between neighborhoods and adjacent business districts with respect to goods, services, and employment. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN LU -5 LAND USE GOAL 3.o:Create commercial uses that provide a solid economic base and employment opportunities and identify Orange as an attractive and diverse shopping destination. Policy 3.1:Promote development of revenue - generating land uses that help defray the costs of high quality public services. Policy 3.2:Actively promote the City as a place to shop and conduct business, and encourage local patronage of Orange businesses. Policy 3.3:Improve vehicular, pedestrian, and visual connections between commercial areas and the rest of the community. Policy 3.4:Discourage commercial and industrial enterprises that have significant adverse soil, air, water, or noise impacts. Sustainable Industrial and Office Uses Providing options for industrial development and office uses within the City is important, because these uses contribute to the economic wellbeing and the employment base of the community. Industrial development in Orange and throughout the region has changed significantly in recent years. Although traditional manufacturing activities continue to be a key component of Orange's industrial areas, many such businesses have been replaced by warehousing uses and modern office uses that are more attractive in appearance and more compatible with adjacent neighborhoods. In some instances, large buildings and warehouses that once housed manufacturing or agriculture- oriented activities are now available for adapting to future residential, office, or commercial uses. In addition, Orange has experienced increased demand for larger, multi -story professional office complexes at locations such as South Main Street, Town and Country Road, La Veta Avenue, and The City Drive. Demand has also increased for medical office space surrounding local hospitals. The City will emphasize the important role industry continues to play in the community's future, will encourage continued development of professional offices, and will ensure that the quality of the environment is not compromised by industrial uses. GOAL 4.o:Encourage high quality, sustainable, industrial and office uses that provide jobs and revenue; support environmental quality; and promote options for adaptive re -use. Policy 4.1:Maximize use of limited land resources for industrial and office uses within areas designated Light Industrial or Industrial on the Land Use Policy Map. Policy 4.2:Encourage development of professional office space located near medical institutions and County facilities. Policy 4.3:Protect residents and the environment from potential adverse soil, air, water, and noise impacts of industrial operations. Policy 4.4:Encourage development of mixed office, industrial, and support commercial uses in areas designated Light Industrial on the Land Use Policy Map. Policy 4.5:Accommodate a wide variety of industrial uses that contribute to a healthy and diverse economic base. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN LU- 6 LAND USE Old Towne Orange When people think of Orange, they often think of the historic downtown district and adjoining residential neighborhoods. Old Towne Orange is an active, vibrant area that supports a variety of commeettl, office, civic, and residential uses. In recent years, the City has taken steps to enable Tong -term preservation of many historic properties in the Old Towne area. This has created one of California's most viable and recognized historic districts. The historic Santa Fe Depot, associated Metrolink station, and Orange County Transportation Authority (OCTA) Transportation Center provide valuable commuting options. Land use policies for Old Towne call for targeted growth in the area near the Santa Fe Depot, to be achieved through increased density and more walkable and transit - oriented development. This area also provides opportunities for adaptive reuse of historic industrial buildings. GOAL 5.o:Maintain and enhance the vibrant, transit - accessible, pedestrian - friendly, and livable character of OId Towne's neighborhoods and commercial core. Policy 5.1:Promote targeted development of mixed -use, transit- oriented development surrounding the Santa Fe Depot to achieve development intensities compatible with the fabric of Old Towne. Policy 5.2:Promote adaptive re -use of previously industrial and agricultural historic structures for residential, office, or commercial purposes. Policy 5.3:Continue to promote institutional and civic uses located throughout Old Towne. Policy 5.4:Develop additional sensitively designed public parking throughout Old Towne. Policy 5.5:Continue to require consistent, high quality, historically- referenced design within OId Towne. Policy 5.6:Continue to upgrade infrastructure throughout Old Towne. Policy 5.7:Ensure that roadway improvements within OId Towne are designed to promote walkability and a safe pedestrian environment. Policy 5.8:Maintain balance between Old Towne and Chapman University's growth, so that the University complements OId Towne. Policy 5.9:Promote attractive and safe pedestrian access between the Santa Fe Depot and the Plaza. Contextual and Environmental Compatibility The quality of the physical environment, built or natural, plays a large part in defining Orange's quality of life. Land use conflicts often occur when newer developments are insensitive to the use, scale or character of existing development and /or the surrounding natural environment. In other cases, older, obsolete nonconforming uses remain interspersed among newer development, as when old service stations or repair shops survive in the midst of residential development. Such conflicts can lead to degradation of the built and natural environments. The following goals and policies are designed to ensure contextual and environmental compatibility of development within the City, and to achieve compliance with local, regional, state, and federal environmental requirements. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN LU -7 LAND USE I:4E•: These policies also represent an overview of the City's strategy to consider the contextual and environmental effects of new development and reuse projects. Additional related policies addressing this topic may be found in the Natural Resources, Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation, Infrastructure, Urban Design, Public Safety, and Noise Elements. GOAL 6.o:Advance development activity that is mutually beneficial to both the environment and the community. Policy 6.1:Ensure that new development is compatible with the style and design of established structures and the surrounding environment. Policy 6.2:In areas where residential uses abut commercial or industrial land uses, use buffering techniques to improve compatibility. Such techniques include the use of setbacks, screening, soundwalls with pedestrian access, and appearance standards. Policy 6.3:Establish and maintain greenways, and pedestrian and bicycle connections that complement the residential, commercial and open space areas they connect. Policy 6.4:Create and maintain open space resources that provide recreational opportunities, protect hillside vistas and ridgelines, and conserve natural resources. Policy 6.5:Reduce pollutant runoff from new development and urban runoff to the maximum extent practicable. Policy 6.6:Enhance the walkability of both new and current development. Policy 6.7:Integrate natural amenities and connections, including waterways and wildlife corridors, within the design of urban and suburban spaces. Policy 6.8:Maximize landscaping along streetscapes and within development projects to enhance public health and environmental benefits. Policy 6.9:Restrict development in areas where exposure to hazards such as flood, erosion, liquefaction, dam failure, hazardous materials, and toxic gases cannot be mitigated to reduce risk to residents and liability to the City. Policy 6.1o: Mitigate adverse air, noise, circulation, and other environmental impacts caused by new development adjacent to existing neighborhoods through use of sound walls, landscaping buffers, speed limits, and other traffic control measures. Policy 6.11:Recognize the value of natural and cultural resources in the undeveloped portions of the planning area. Policy 6.12: Maximize the land use opportunities for the Irvine Lake area by providing a mix of uses, such as lodging, housing, and recreational uses. Coordinated Planning Future planning considers ongoing planning efforts of other City departments, agencies, surrounding jurisdictions, and special districts. In addition, ongoing planning efforts undertaken by regional agencies such as the County of Orange, the Southern California Association of Governments, the Southern California Air Quality Management District, the ORANGE GENERAL PLAN LU- 8 LAND USE Orange County Transportation Authority, the Santa Ana Regional Water Quality Control Board, and others will be examined for consistency with the City's long -range objectives. GOAL 7.o:Promote coordinated planning among City departments and agencies, property owners, residents, special districts, and other jurisdictions in the region. Policy 7.1:Coordinate with the Orange Unified School District and Community College District regarding future plans for their facilities. Policy 7.2:Work with institutions within the City to ensure that implementation of their future plans is compatible with the City's goals for surrounding areas. Policy 7.3:Coordinate planning efforts with adjacent cities, special purpose agencies, utilities, and community service providers. Policy 7.4:Ensure positive benefits for Orange from regional transportation, land use, air quality, waste management and disposal, and habitat conservation plans. Policy 7.5:Work with and encourage other agencies and service providers to minimize potential visual and environmental impacts of their facilities on Orange. Policy 7.6:Explore joint use agreements with other agencies to share existing and future public facilities among institutions in Orange. Public Participation The City recognizes that the single most important component of any future planning effort is public participation. The following goal and policies emphasize the need for continued public involvement in all parts of the planning process. GOAL 8.o:Encourage active involvement of residents, businesses, and agencies in the planning and decision making process. Policy 8.1:Continue to provide opportunities for public education and involvement in land use planning decisions through public hearings, community meetings, study sessions, electronic media, and any other appropriate and available means. Policy 8.2:Emphasize public - private cooperation in implementing the General Plan and future planning activities. Policy 8.3:Foster meaningful involvement and interaction among diverse groups within the City regarding land use planning efforts and decision making. LAND USE PLAN The Land Use Plan discusses how the City will grow and change over the next 20 years, and describes those aspects of the community that will be enhanced and maintained. Current and future and uses are categorized and mapped to identify where residential, commercial, industrial, and community facilities are anticipated to be located. The Land Use Plan describes the planned distribution and development intensities of all land uses in the City, and describes how the City's land use goals will be achieved both citywide and within eight identified focus areas. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN LU -9 LAND USE A It, -4 Land Use Distribution The predominantly residential land use pattern in Orange reflects the City's history of transition from a citrus - growing center clustered near the railroad to a town core surrounded by residential neighborhoods and supporting businesses and services. Based on a land use inventory completed in 2004, residential development Public Facilities and Institutions represented the predominant land Vacant 4% use within Orange's city limits, with Open housing covering 46 percent of the Space /Parks Housing 0 City's land area. Commercial and 32'°46 industrial uses represented about 14 percent of the City's land area, while natural hillsides, parks, and open space represented 32 percent.Ie Retail /Office Figure LU -1 identifies the division of 8% on- the - ground land uses within the City in 2004. Figure LU -i Land Use Distribution (2004) Land Use Density and Intensity Planners describe the extent to which properties can be or are developed using the terms density and intensity. Density is used for residential uses and refers to the population and development capacity of a given parcel or group of parcels. Density within the General Plan is described in terms of dwelling units per net acre of land (du /ac), exclusive of existing or proposed streets and rights -of -way. Typical residential densities found within Orange are illustrated in Figure LU -2. Development intensity, which applies to non - residential uses, refers to the extent of development on a parcel of land or lot (that is, the total building square footage, building height, the floor -area ratio, and /or the percent of lot coverage). While intensity is often used to describe non - residential development levels, in a broader sense, intensity also can describe overall levels of mixed residential and non - residential development. Throughout this Element, floor -area ratio (FAR) and building floor area square footage are used as measures of non - residential development intensity. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN LU -10 LAND USE 411111b ll Vet!! cotton.t'l IL%P"'IL. air p P. r 16 0 riP Pm-tommti— vv." ri 1 ,pal, '.{ Mal ipl1111111111M.1 111111•111& r011Illei,Til r Estate and Low Medium Density Residential Medium Density Residential Low Density Residential 6 -15 units /acre)15 -24 units /acre) 1 -6 units /acre) Figure LU -2 Typical Residential Densities in Orange ORANGE GENERAL PLAN LU -11 L AND USE s:__, al-. a-v' Floor -area ratio (FAR) expresses the intensity Glassell Street Industrial Properties of use on a lot (see Figure LU -3). The FAR represents the ratio between the total gross 1 floor area of all buildings on a lot and the total i J jj iJ jlandareaofthatlot. For example, a 20,000- square -foot building on a 40,00o- square -foot r y t A e k i ,,, lot yields an FAR of 0.50. A o.5o FAR describes 4 ,_ a single -story building that covers half of the I '/ lot, a two -story building covering j V+r of or 1 jam Iapproximatelyone - quarter o the lot,I story building covering one - eighth of the lot.1;',1 111 ° ' •% 1%/ j For purposes of illustration, the diagrams in Imo. 'II : rali / ril Figure LU -4 provide examples of FAR for FAR: 0.33 Building Floor Area: 238,000 sq. ft. commercial retail and office sites drawn from Parcel /Lot Area: 720,300 sq. ft. throughout the City. The middle example Old Towne Orange illustrates buildings within two square blocks 7 I' of Old Towne Orange along Glassell Street i„ 4, Tr north and south of Chapman Avenue. The lot 1 r ,t, .,':i area is approximately 549,800 square feet and 1 r _ ' i , = !i it the gross floor area of the buildings is l p y i; approximately 549,900 square feet (most of 0: C the buildings have two stories). As shown in ram 1 ,Li 4II a 1.liL-6--7 a r I 4 .t , t 11gI FAR: 1.0 Building Floor Area: 549,900 sq. ft. 0.25 FAR Parcel/Lot Area: 549,800 sq. ft. Town and Country Road Office Properties r I Y i 1 l y) 0.5 FAR i I t 11 I j J l 6/i 4 04 7. 4 4 ...VA,;71-4 . '. 7- T 1.0 FAR FAR: 0,49 Building Floor Area: 449,200 sq. ft. floor Area Ratio (FAR): Gross Building Area Parcel /Lot Area: 9 1 8,900 sq. ft. Lot Area Figure LU -4FigureLU3FloorAreaRatioExamplesinOrangeFloorAreaRatiosDefined ORANGE GENERAL PLAN LU -1 LAND USE the diagram, when the gross building floor area is divided by the lot area, an FAR of approximately 1.o results. The same process is illustrated for office properties located along Town and Country Road, and industrial areas located on Glassell Street, north of Taft Avenue. Land Use Designations The Land Use Element establishes 19 land use designations. The land use designations have been established to reflect: (i) development trends affecting the City's near and Tong -term futures; (2) opportunity areas associated with major institutional uses, shopping and employment centers, and access to transportation facilities; and (3) community interests and desires expressed during the General Plan update process. Four designations are established for residential development that allow for a range of housing types and densities. Three mixed -use activity center designations encourage creative mixes of commercial retail, office, housing, civic, and entertainment uses at key locations throughout the City. Five commercial and office designations and two industrial designations provide for a range of revenue- and employment - generating businesses. Five public and semi - public use categories provide locations for important public and private facilities and institutions, including parks, open space areas, resource lands, civic facilities, hospitals, and educational institutions. Table LU -1 presents descriptions of each General Plan land use designation and the corresponding range of density or intensity of development permitted for each. The maximum allowable development on any individual parcel is governed by these measures of density or intensity, with the anticipated yield influenced by the physical characteristics of a parcel, by access and infrastructure issues, and by compatibility considerations. The land use designations are described here in terms of general land uses and maximum densities or intensities permitted. Corresponding zoning districts specify the permitted uses for each category as well as the applicable development standards. The density or intensity maximums outlined in Table LU -1 serve as development caps. Actual development intensities are expected to be lower than the caps, based on market factors and past development trends. In order to estimate future build -out of the City and resulting impacts on the circulation system, expected levels of density and intensity have also been assumed, and are shown in Table LU -i. The City anticipates most development will occur at or below these expected levels, although on any single property, development up to the cap is allowed. However, any development proposed in excess of the expected levels indicated in Table UM may be required to perform special studies to show the development's ability to mitigate adverse impacts on adjacent properties and the citywide circulation system. Density ranges are provided in Table LU -1 for each of the residential land use designations and the Urban Mixed Use designation, whereas only maximum densities are established for the Neighborhood Mixed Use and Old Towne Mixed Use designations. Similarly, FAR ranges are provided in Table LU -i for several commercial, industrial, office, and mixed commercial /residential land uses, while others feature a maximum FAR value. In cases where a range is listed, the minimum value represents the least intense land use permitted within the area, while the maximum value represents the most intense land use permitted. For designations where only a maximum value is listed, no minimum is implied. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN ICU -13 LAND USE For mixed -use designations listed in Table LU -1, both densities (du/ac) and intensities (FAR) are established. The permitted dwelling units per acre should be interpreted to be contained within the maximum FAR expressed for each category. Table LU -1 Land Use Designations Land Use Density or Intensity Description Designation Range Expected Residential Designations ESTR Estate Low 0 -2.0 du /ac 1.8 du /ac Large lot, single - family residential development in a rural or Density semi -rural setting. Private, noncommercial equestrian and Residential agricultural uses may be allowed if associated with residential uses. LDR Low Density 2.1 -6.o du /ac 5.o du /ac Conventional single - family residential development Residential characterized by individual single - family homes constructed in subdivisions, or by custom units built on individual Tots. LMDR Low Medium 6.1 -15.0 du /ac 8.o du /ac Includes small lot or zero lot line single - family subdivisions, Density duplexes and mobile home parks, as well as lower intensity Residential apartment and condominium complexes. MDR Medium 15.1 -24.o du /ac 16.3 du /ac Apartment and condominium or townhouse units in areas with Density ready access to major circulation routes, business districts and Residential public open space areas. Typical developments may consist of two- or three -story buildings that house multiple dwelling units and provide some form of open space. Mixed -Use Activity Center Designations NMIX Neighborhood Max. 24.0 16.3 du /ac; Local- and neighborhood- supporting mixed -use activity Mixed -use du /ac;1.o FAR centers and corridors. Commercial retail is encouraged to be 1.0 -1.5 FAR the primary use on the ground floor. Professional office and housing uses are also encouraged, either integrated with a commercial use, or as separate, free - standing uses. Walkability and pedestrian access are key considerations. The lower end of the FAR range supports retail development, while the higher end supports a combination of uses including both commercial and office. OTMIX Old Towne Mixed -use Local- and neighborhood- supporting mixed -use activity centers designed to be contextually appropriate within a Old Towne Mixed Use Max. 15.0 du /ac; 8.0 du /ac; historic area. Commercial retail is encouraged to be the 15 0.5-1.0 FAR 1.o FAR primary use on the ground floor. Professional office and Old Towne Mixed Use Max. 24.0 16.3 du /ac; housing uses are also encouraged, particularly as adaptive 24 du /ac;1.5 FAR reuse opportunities within existing structures. Transit - 1.0-1.5 FAR orientation, walkability, and pedestrian access are key considerations. The lower end of the FAR range supports retail development, while the higher end of the range supports a combination of uses including commercial and office. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN LU -14 sionammegnsimm elta„. LAND USE Q Table LU -1 Land Use Designations Land Use Density or Intensity Description Designation Range Expected Old Towne Mixed Use 6.0 — 15.0 du /ac; 10.0 du /ac; Local- and neighborhood- supporting mixed -use activity Spoke Max. 0.6 FAR o.6 FAR centers designed to be contextually appropriate within a historic area. Commercial retail is encouraged to be the primary use on the ground floor. Professional office and housing uses are also encouraged, particularly as adaptive reuse opportunities within existing structures. Transit - orientation, walkability, and pedestrian access are key considerations, as well as protection of the existing historic, residential - scale, and building character of the spoke streets outside of the downtown core. The lower end of the FAR range supports retail development, while the higher end of the range supports a combination of uses including commercial and office. UMIX Urban Mixed- 30.0 — 6o.o 48.o du /ac; Urban, high- intensity, regionally - oriented activity centers that use du /ac;1.7 FAR define the character of surrounding areas and serve as 1.5 - 3.o FAR gateways to the City. This designation provides for integrated commercial retail, high -rise office, housing, and civic uses. Commercial retail is intended to be the primary use on the ground floor. Convenient, high- frequency transit access, innovative housing options, and pedestrian- oriented design are key considerations. Commercial and Office Designations GC General Max. 1.o FAR 0.35 FAR A wide range of retail and service commercial uses and Commercial professional offices. Regional shopping centers, mid -rise office projects, corridor shopping districts, and neighborhood corner stores are permitted uses. RC Recreation Max. 0.35 FAR 0.18 FAR Outdoor commercial recreational uses which include, but not Commercial limited to: golf courses, marinas, boat rental buildings, staging areas, fishing facilities, and other commercial sports facilities. NOP Neighborhood Max. 0.5 FAR 0.36 FAR Low -rise office and professional office park development. Office Professional office is intended as the primary use. However, Professional support retail and service commercial uses are also permitted as necessary to serve adjacent professional offices. UOP Urban Office 1.5 -3.o FAR 1.5 FAR Urban, high- intensity, mid- and high -rise office centers. Professional Professional office is intended as the primary use. However, support retail and service commercial uses are also permitted as necessary to serve adjacent professional offices. Hospitals and supporting uses are also permitted. YNCO Yorba North Max. to FAR 0.35 FAR Allows for mixed uses compatible with a public facility or Commercial institutional use, such as a civic, college, or health care Overlay campus, including integrated retail, housing, office, and civic uses where a specific plan is approved for a public facility or institutional activity center. Innovative housing and pedestrian- oriented deign are key considerations. I ORANGE GENERAL PLAN LU -15 LAND USE Table LU -1 Land Use Designations Land Use Density or Intensity Description Designation Range Expected YSCO Yorba South Max. 1.0 FAR 0.35 FAR A wide range of potential retail and service commercial uses, in Commercial conjunction with on -site parkland improvements, off-site Overlay parkland, and /or park improvements. Commercial use may only be activated through a Development Agreement with the City that identifies specific parkland obligations. Industrial Designations LI Light Industrial Max. 1.o FAR o.5o FAR Allows for manufacturing, processing, and distribution of 3 -story height goods. Wholesale activities associated with industrial limit operations, as well as small - scale, support retail, service commercial and office uses may also be established in areas Industrial Max. 0.75 FAR 0.65 FAR with ready access to major circulation routes. A 3 -story building height limit applies within Light Industrial designated areas. Public Facilities and Open Space Designations PFI Public Facilities and Institutions Provides for several types of public, quasi - public and institutional land uses, including schools, colleges and Civic uses /Schools Max. 0.50 FAR universities, City and County facilities, hospitals, and major Cemeteries, Corporate yard, Water 05 FAR utility easements and properties. Includes service towers, Southern California Electric organizations and housing related to an institutional use, such facilities as dormitories, employee housing, assisted living, convalescent homes, and skilled nursing facilities. Schools, Water Department facilities 15 FAR Civic Center, Libraries, Police and Fire 25 FAR Department facilities Institutions Max. 2.0 FAR Colleges and Universities 35 FAR Hospitals 1.0 FAR OS Open Space NA NA Steep hillsides, creeks, or environmentally sensitive areas that should not be developed. Although designated as permanent open space, most areas will not be developed as public parks with the exception of river and creekside areas that promote connectivity of the City's trails system. Lands in this category include both privately held open spaces and public lands. 0S-P Open Space—NA NA Public lands used for passive and active recreation. Includes all Park parklands owned and maintained by the City of Orange, as well as parks operated by the County. OS -R Open Space—NA NA Areas designated open space to preserve visually significant Ridgeline ridgelines identified on the Land Use Policy Map. No development or grading is permitted. RA Resource Area NA NA Allows for agricultural uses and continued use of stream and river channels for aggregate mining. Passive and active recreational uses are also permitted. May serve as a holding zone for future uses compatible with established and planned land uses in surrounding areas. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN LU -16 4 lek... LAND USE Residential Uses Four residential categories allow for a variety of housing types representing the diverse residential character of Orange. The City will continue to preserve and enhance existing single - family residential neighborhoods. Older neighborhoods, characterized by higher densities, are located throughout the western part of the City. Lower density housing, typical of newer residential development, is located principally on the City's eastern side. Estate Low Density Residential Density Range: 0-2.0 du /ac The Estate Low Density Residential designation r; :' a ','_ provides for single - family detached, estate - style homes on large lots, featuring a custom character r`8, of development. Estate Low Density Residential development is primarily found in Orange Park Acres and other similar parts of east Orange. Private, noncommercial equestrian and agricultural uses may be allowed if they are associated with the residential uses. Low Density Residential Density Range: 2.1 -6.0 du /ac The Low Density Residential designation provides t for typical single - family residential neighborhoods.t 44 I Low Density Residential uses make up the majority aii of land uses in Orange, and are found throughout l the City in both older, established areas, such as IIIy Old Towne, and newer development areas, 1''t1 ; I including east Orange.lA 1 11 1' 4 Low Medium Density Residential Density Range: 6.1 -15.0 du /ac The Low Medium Density Residential designation provides for both j7:'4 ,,,:if: detached and attached single - family homes on smaller Tots, as well j as duandsomemobilehomes, multi - family townhouses, condominiums, and apartments. Low Medium Density residential uses are typically found adjacent to commercial or mixed -use 1-1activitycenters, such as near South Main Street, Tustin Avenue, or El I Modena. Low Medium Density residential uses are also found within newer development areas, such as Serrano Heights. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN LU -17 LAND USE o ; Medium Density Residential Density Range: 15.1 -24.o du /ac The Medium Density Residential designation provides for mufti-family townhouses,tt 1 condominiums, and apartments featuring z ' some form of internal open space in areas with good access to major circulation routes,At business districts, and public open space s areas. Medium Density residential uses are L--0 - I typically found adjacent to commercial E-. districts, such as near Lincoln Avenue, Katella Avenue, or La Veta Avenue. Medium Density residential uses are also found near major transportation corridors, such as the Santa Fe Depot or freeway interchanges along Chapman Avenue, Tustin Street, or Glassell Street. Mixed —Use Activity Centers In response to the Vision and recent development trends, the General Plan provides three designations for mixed -use activity centers. All of these designations promote creative mixes of commercial retail, office, housing, civic, and entertainment uses that vary in composition and intensity based upon location, accessibility, and the surrounding development context. Old Towne Mixed -use Maximum Density: OId Towne Mixed Use Spoke: 15.0 du/ ac Old Towne Mixed Use 15: 15.0 du/ ac OId Towne Mixed Use 24: 24.0 du /ac Intensity Range:OId Towne Mixed Use Spoke: 0.6 FAR OId Towne Mixed Use 15: 0.5 -1.o FAR OId Towne Mixed Use 24:1.o-1.5 FAR The Old Towne mixed -use designations r= i provide for integrated commercial retail, t 1 professional office, housing, and civic uses 4 1.:,: designed to be contextually appropriate MN ii III within a historic area. These areas are intended to be local- and neighborhood- mi ut s ';: supporting activity centers and corridors.I" r .' q Ti t.. 7Commercialretailisencouragedtobethe primary use on the ground floor. Professional i r office and housing uses are also encouraged, particularly as adaptive reuse opportunities dow A•111 _fir• within historic structures. Transit - orientation, waikability, and pedestrian access are key considerations, as well as protection of the ORANGE GENERAL PLAN LU -18 1 LAND USE s existing historic, residential - scale, and building character of the Spoke Streets outside of the downtown core. The lower end of the FAR range supports retail development, while the higher end of the range supports a combination of uses including commercial and office. Uses within this area are additionally subject to provisions of the Old Towne Design Standards and Santa Fe Depot Specific Plan, as applicable. Neighborhood Mixed -use Maximum Density:South Main Street: 24.o du /ac Intensity Range: 1.0 -1.5 FAR This land use designation provides for integrated commercial retail, professional s 4 office, housing, and civic uses along the a South Main Street corridor. This area is q re !,f intended to be a local- and neighborhood -1'i supporting activity center and corridor. j Iri, Commercial retail is encouraged to be the i.IQ k primary use on the ground floor.l4, ,I 'l: Professional office and housing uses are el w'LI. also encouraged, either integrated with a 1 r commercial use, or as separate, free- standing uses. Walkability and pedestrian access are key considerations. The lower end of the FAR range supports retail development, 0 while the higher end of the range supports a combination of commercial and office uses. Urban Mixed -use Density Range: 30.0 -60.0 du /ac Intensity Range: 1.5 -3.0 FAR This designation provides for integrated commercial retail, professional office, housing, and civic uses along West Katella Avenue, Town and Country Road, and within Uptown Orange. These areas are intended i ei to provide for urban, high- intensity, regionally- fi' I oriented activity centers that define the character of H T surrounding areas. Commercial retail is intended to be 1g 14 the primary use on the ground floor. Convenient li transit access, innovative housing options, and e rr pedestrian- oriented design are key considerations. e ORANGE GENERAL PLAN LU -19 LAND USE R .'s Commercial and Office Designations The commercial and office categories consist of four designations that provide for a range of revenue- and employment - generating businesses. General Commercial Maximum Intensity: 1.0 FAR The General Commercial designation provides for a wide range of retail and service commercial uses and professional offices. f =' This designation is found along many of the City's most highly- traveled roadway corridors, including Katella Avenue, Chapman F Avenue, and Tustin Street. Regional shopping centers, mid- and high -rise office projects, corridor shopping districts, and neighborhood corner stores are all permitted uses. Recreation Commercial Maximum Intensity: 0.35 FAR Recreation commercial uses provide for the operation and development of resort or amusement oriented commercial and recreational uses. The designation refers to recreational uses of regional interest that will draw visitors from throughout the City, Orange County, and Southern California. The areas adjacent to the east and south sides of Irvine Lake in east Orange are proposed for this land use. Permitted uses include, but are not limited to, marinas, boat rental buildings, staging areas, conference centers, golf courses, clubhouses, hotels, resorts, restaurants, and other commercial sports facilities. Neighborhood Office Professional Maximum Intensity: 0.5 FAR This land use designation provides for low -rise office and professional office park development in appropriate areas throughout the City, including portions of Chapman Avenue east of Old Towne and portions of the La Veta Avenue corridor. The principal use in this designation is intended to be professional 1 6. offices; however, support retail and service commercial uses are permitted as necessary to serve adjacent professional office needs. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN LU -20 LAND USE Urban Office Professional Intensity Range: 1.5 — 3.o FAR The Urban Office Professional designation encourages urban, high- intensity, mid- and high -rise office centers located at the ti City's edges, away from established single - family residential areas. Urban Office Professional uses are located primarily north of the SR -22 Freeway and south of La Veta Avenue, concentrated around the hospital node at the southern end of Main Street. Professional office is intended as the primary use. However, support retail and service commercial uses are also permitted as necessary to serve adjacent professional offices. Hospitals and supporting uses are also permitted. Yorba North Commercial Overlay Maximum Intensity: 1.0 FAR The Yorba North Commercial Overlay designation applies to the Chapman Hospital site. This designation allows for mixed uses compatible with a public facility or institutional use, such as a civic, college, or health care campus, including integrated retail, housing, office, and civic uses where a specific plan is approved for a public facility or institutional activity center. Innovative housing and pedestrian- oriented design are key considerations. Yorba South Commercial Overlay Maximum Intensity: 1.o FAR The Yorba South Commercial Overlay designation applies to the current Yorba Park site near Chapman Hospital, SR -55, and Chapman Avenue. This designation provides for a wide range of potential retail and service commercial uses, in conjunction with on -site parkland improvements, off-site parkland, and /or park improvements. Commercial use may only be activated through a Development Agreement with the City that identifies specific parkland obligations. ORANGE GENERAL PION LU -21 LAND USE Industrial Designations Two industrial land use designations provide locations for offices, manufacturing, warehousing, and distribution uses within the City. The principal difference between the designations is the permitted maximum intensity of development allowed within each area. Permitted uses within industrial areas will continue to be primarily determined using the City's Zoning Ordinance. Light Industrial Maximum Intensity: to FAR Height Limit: 3 stories The Light Industrial designation is intended for uses that are compatible with nearby commercial and residential districts and that do not produce substantial environmental nuisances (noise, odor, dust, smoke, glare, etc.). This designation allows for manufacturing, processing, and distribution of goods. Light industrial uses are located primarily within areas west of Glassell Street and north of Walnut Avenue. Wholesale activities associated with industrial operations, as well as small -scale support retail, service commercial, and office uses may also be established in areas with ready access to major circulation routes. The maximum intensity permitted within the Light Industrial designation is 1.0 FAR, which is higher than that permitted Fair ,within the Industrial designation. This distinction recognizes i that ancillary office uses will be more prevalent in Light Industrial areas than within Industrial areas. A three -story height limit applies within the Light Industrial designation to maintain compatibility of scale with nearby commercial and residential districts. Industrial Maximum Intensity: 0.75 FAR Industrial uses include manufacturing and industrial activities that may lead to some environmental nuisances that would be incompatible with residential or commercial I uses. Industrial uses are located primarily in areas west of Glassell Street and north of Walnut Avenue. This designation allows for manufacturing, processing, and distribution of goods. Wholesale activities associated with industrial operations, as well as small -scale support retail, service commercial, and office uses may also be established in areas with ready access to major circulation routes. The maximum intensity permitted within the Industrial designation is 0.75 FAR. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN LU -22 LAND USE Public Facilities and Open Space Five designations for public facilities and open space areas allow for important public and private facilities and institutions, including parks, open space areas, resource lands, civic facilities, hospitals, and educational institutions. Public Facilities and Institutions Maximum Intensity: Civic uses, schools, and public facilities: 0.5 FAR Institutions: 2.0 FAR The Public Facilities and Institutions designation provides k for several types of public, quasi - public, and institutional'r; land uses, including schools, colleges and universities, City t and County government facilities, hospitals, and major utility easements and properties. This designation also includes service organizations and housing related to an 11 institutional use, such as dormitories, employee housing,a assisted living, convalescent homes, and skilled nursing l facilities. The maximum permitted intensity for civic uses,a schools, and public facilities is o.5 FAR, whereas the maximum for institutions, such as universities and hospitals, is 2.0 FAR. Open Space The Open Space designation includes a substantial part w of the eastern portion of Orange's planning area. Much of this area includes steep hillsides or environmentally sensitive areas that should be preserved. Although these° areas may be designated as permanent open space, it is "F'. not intended that they be developed as public parks. . Lands within this designation include both privately held open space lands and public lands. 14,1'u _ ' k ORANGE GENERAL PLAN LU -23 d LAND USE Open Space Park Open Space Park designation refers to public lands fTheOPPgP used for passive and active recreation. This includes all parklands owned and maintained by the City of Orange, A as well as parks operated by the County. ri Open Space Ridgeline The Open Space Ridgeline designation is designed to preserve visually significant ridgelines and steep hillsides. The City has adopted a hillside grading policy that prohibits development or grading on ridgelines with this designated land use. Resource Area The Resource Area designation provides for the continued use of areas for mining and agriculture. Passive and active recreational uses are also permitted in areas with this designation. Resource Areas also serve as a holding zone for areas that are currently used for mining and agriculture, but may not have these uses in the future. Land Use Policy Map The Land Use Policy Map (Figure LU -5) graphically represents the planned distribution and intensity of land use citywide. The colors shown on the map correspond to the land use designations described above. General Plan Development Capacity Table LU -2 identifies the development capacity associated with the planned distribution of land uses. Over time, as properties transition from one use to another or property owners rebuild, land uses and intensities will gradually shift to align with the intent of this Land Use Element. Table LU -2 summarizes the land use distribution, and the resultant residential and nonresidential levels of development that can be expected from full implementation of land use policies established by this General Plan. Given the largely built -out character of Orange and the good condition of most buildings, significant redevelopment activities may not occur over the life of this General Plan. However, within focus areas described in this Element, future land use changes are anticipated. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN LU -24 Almmi A LAND USE General Plan and Zoning Consistency The Land Use Element is primarily implemented by the City's Zoning Code, which specifies districts and performance standards for various types of land uses described in the General Plan. Table LU -3 indicates the corresponding zone district that applies to each General Plan land use designation. The zone districts specify the permitted uses for each category as well as applicable development standards. Zone districts specified in Table LU -3 for Mixed -use General Plan designations are new districts, and will be developed as part of the Zoning Code update implementing the General Plan. Specific Plans and Neighborhood Plans in Orange A specific plan is a detailed plan for the development of a particular area. Specific plans are intended to provide finite specification of the types of uses to be permitted, development standards setbacks, heights, landscape, architecture, etc.), and circulation and infrastructure improvements that are only broadly defined by the General Plan. Specific plans are often used to ensure that multiple property owners and developers adhere to a single common development plan. Specific plans are also used as a means of achieving superior design by providing flexibility in development standards beyond those contained in the Zoning Ordinance. The City has used Specific Plans and Neighborhood Plans as tools to achieve the coordinated development of individual parcels. Specific Plans and Neighborhood Plans currently in effect include: Archstone Gateway Chapman University East Orange Plan (1975) Immanuel Lutheran Church Orange Park Acres Pinnacle at Uptown Orange St. John's Lutheran Church Santa Fe Depot Area Serrano Heights Upper Peters Canyon Each of these plans and any future specific plans adopted by the City must be consistent with the policies expressed in this Element. The City will continue to utilize specific plans to achieve development objectives consistent with the General Plan. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN LU -25 J RS2 r3 . 4% a. L I 03JL c S AI_ 1 i N c . / c N CL e „ c %' i Q U 8 U u CU CIS y IY O o o L.. n 1 - c., , i4 i o j r ,r5 ... cts 3 ro 1: 3 f 1 0 litt• ' 1 : a H 33i: 1013141W -",,,,, - 7 „:-- i AK, \ c, t c O in rY v 1 O n @ X°co la 6-. r' N 6 87, 5 ro E m E. 2 r r a O O U C = @ O 4 OA13 M) Vd 3` ONV80 W` @ d. 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N N. \ d v) i , v) _ i G I S, CC rrY' u,,, F +;^ Y '- e•-. 1.'e. 1 lsh \ 3l1NIY7 4I V i' i ' j j t X A ar 1 LAND USE Land Use Focus Areas Figure LU -6 identifies the following eight land use focus areas, which represent locations in the City where future land use change may occur. i) Chapman Avenue /Tustin Street 2) Katella Avenue Corridor 3) South Main Street Corridor 4) West Chapman Avenue /Uptown Orange 5) Old Towne and Santa Fe Depot 6) Industrial Areas 7) Lemon Street Corridor 8) Eckhoff Street /Orangewood Avenue Within portions of the City that do not lie within one of the identified focus areas, no significant land use changes are anticipated. For properties within the focus areas where uses established prior to adoption of this General Plan become non - conforming, the City recognizes these pre- existing conditions as legal. It is the City's desire to allow these uses and the facilities in which they are located to continue until a change to the property is initiated by the property owner. Each focus area has unique future development objectives, responding to priorities established in the Vision and input from the community. Providing additional community open space and facilitating use of transit and other alternative transportation modes are encouraged as a component of future development within many focus areas. Others focus areas maintain and enhance job growth, economic development, and affordable housing options within the City. For each area, the sections that follow provide a brief discussion of the recent planning context, a summary of each area's market potential, and a description of the land use plan and future development objectives. Chapman Avenue /Tustin Street This focus area consists of residential, commercial, institutional, open space, and park uses surrounding the intersection of Chapman Avenue and Tustin Street. The focus area includes Chapman Hospital, Yorba Park, and Santiago Creek. SR -55 passes through this focus area in a north -south direction, with an interchange at Chapman Avenue. Key considerations within this area include the continued viability of commercial and institutional uses at the intersection of Chapman Avenue and Tustin Street, potential for more productive use of properties on both sides of Tustin Avenue from Chapman Avenue to La Veta Avenue, maintaining public access to Santiago Creek throughout the focus area, and the future use of the Yorba Park site east of the SR -55. Although the Open Space —Park designation has not been changed on the Yorba Park site, the Yorba South Commercial Overlay has been applied to the park and the adjacent Orange Unified School District (OUSD) Education Center. The Yorba South Commercial Overlay designation provides for the future potential of the Yorba Park site to be used for commercial purposes that take advantage of its proximity to the SR- 55 interchange. Any future commercial use of the Yorba Park site would require the City and potential developer to identify commensurate parkland and /or facilities per the terms of a Development Agreement. n r ORANGE GENERAL PLAN LU -33 LAND USE I'M ;i. a This area is well- served by the SR -55 freeway, but is not a regional destination. Market studies completed for the General Plan update have concluded that this area is likely to develop as an office and professional service center. The Chapman Hospital site includes continued hospital and medical office use. This focus area is located completely within the City's Redevelopment Project Area, which can allow for ongoing revitalization and /or intensification of existing commercial uses. The Yorba North Commercial Overlay has been applied to the Chapman Hospital site. This Overlay designation provides for mixed uses compatible with a public facility or institutional use subject to approval of a specific plan. The integration of housing, small -scale commercial uses and pedestrian- orientated features in this area desirable given its relationship to existing neighborhood- serving commercial uses, the Santiago Creek Trail corridor, and Grijalva Park. The land use plan for this focus area is based upon the following future development objectives, which are consistent with citywide Land Use Element policies and the Vision: a Emphasize continued commercial and multiple- family residential designations west of SR -55. w 'Promote viable open space recreation uses fi of Grijalva Park, and Santiago Creek. r Allow potential future commercial uses on key 1*-1 c v , the Yorba Park and OUSD Education Center sites in conjunction with on- or off-site parkland improvements. Maintain hospital and medical office uses near Chapman Hospital. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN LU -34 LAND USE 044 CHAPMAN AVENUE /4 0 TUSTIN STREET FOCUS AREA bn rth Commercial j Overlay j 1 CHAPMAN AVE. DE ELOPMENT 1 120 ORTUNITY 1AR A Land Use Designations Minerc al Overlay Low Medium Residential 1 o O1 Medium Density ResidentialiFducation j center Yorba North Commercial Overlay 1 'Yorba South Commercial Overlay 1 General Commercial 1 11 Public Facilities and Institutions 1 j Open Space Open Space Parko 1 r•.LA VETAAVE. k8 R y 1a. x.:!_._ _ --_ , i`. i;t The plan maintains the Public Facilities and Institutions designation on the Chapman Hospital site east of SR -55, allowing continued hospital and medical office uses. Most currently commercial areas along Tustin Street are designated General Commercial to provide for retail and service uses that support surrounding residential areas. Areas along Tustin Street approaching Santiago Creek are designated Low Medium and Medium Density Residential, allowing a combination of duplexes, mobile home parks, and apartments and condominiums. East of SR -55, an Open Space -Park designation is applied to Yorba Park and to Grijalva Park, located northeast of the Chapman Hospital site. An Open Space designation surrounds much of Santiago Creek throughout the focus area. An additional Open Space area is located between Grijalva Community Park and Chapman Hospital. Katella Avenue Corridor The Katella Avenue Corridor consists of properties located north and south of Katella Avenue between the Santa Ana River on the west and California Street on the east. The focus area also includes portions of Main Street between the Collins Channel and Katella Avenue, and portions of Struck Avenue between Katella Avenue and the Collins Channel. West Katella serves as a gateway into the City from Anaheim and interfaces with the highly active area surrounding The Pond and Angel Stadium, the Santa Ana River, and the Platinum Triangle. While the West Katella corridor functions as a solid commercial district for the City, the ORANGE GENERAL PLAN LU -35 LAND USE A westernmost portion of Katella Avenue has untapped potential due to its strategic location and under - utilized properties. This western portion of this focus area is located within the City's Redevelopment Project Area. The Katella Avenue 1 Corridor includes a good variety of both retail and small office uses. Its location at the midpoint of the City's li industrial area provides service and support functions for 1 these uses. The current Stadium Promenade site could i maximize development potential to include mixed housing l t r -', and retail uses that complement the current uses on the site. Market studies completed for the General Plan update I concluded that the western -most portion of this focus area could support mixed -use development, including housing atr— 1 is-1 1 1l --high densities. By employing this land use strategy, the City could encourage design of a signature development project on West Katella Avenue, serving as a gateway from the Platinum Triangle in Anaheim into the City of Orange. c 't if 7 I%1 7 Wr"A' "Li 3 ti'2 1 s d'S r j"'11*ul,r) l l - l ' i '' rdr'tk.I rq i' LA KATELLA AVENUE COR' IDOR ?t .- I FOCUS'AREA UtAp. f a Union Pacific Railroad 11111111II1t1111111 111111111 111111111111111 NI 5 .Expanded R • ail i .. ... ....a.......1 .1.. ...... Sta Sales Base AVE.Prorm•nad au.ls.. "••• "•" Ur n Mixed -Use '. ctivit CeiY TRUCK VE. S N 1 I d W u L orc r N F 6 COLLINS AVE. m U Land Use Designations i y',,,? I c HS o / o Low Medium Residential 1PS Medium Density ResidentialN4,LT c Er Urban Mixed Use General Commercial I t 5r yeti. aie=.,.lit z ai ORANGE GENERAL PLAN LU -36 3". LAND USE The land use plan for this focus area is based upon the following future development objectives, which are consistent with citywide Land Use Element policies and the Vision statement: Establish an active, vibrant urban mixed -use residential gateway to the City featuring high- density residential uses. Capitalize on development of expanded entertainment uses and housing across the Santa Ana River in Anaheim. Enhance retail options and convenience throughout west Orange. The land use plan features an Urban Mixed -use designation within the portion of the area between the Santa Ana River and Batavia Street, General Commercial and Industrial between Batavia Street and Glassell Street, and General 9[ia Commercial and Medium Density Residential uses between 1 Glassell Street and California Street. The Urban Mixed -use area is intended to be a regionally- oriented activity center, r characterized by mid- to high -rise structures with uses that M.E could include housing (30.0 to 60.0 du /ac), commercial retail uses, restaurants, offices, and civic uses. The General Commercial designation recognizes the contributions of the Katella Avenue corridor to the City's overall retail sales base, and encourages some expansion and intensification of these uses, up to a maximum FAR of 1.0. Additionally, public input regarding this area emphasizes the need to incorporate youth and teen activities within the uses; to improve the appearance of Katella Avenue in the context of new development, conveying i ;the identity of a grand boulevard; and to gradually phase out strip commercial uses along certain segments of the corridor. The Neighborhood Mixed -use designation allows local- and neighborhood- supporting mixed -use activity centers and corridors, which could include housing (at up to 15.0 du /ac). i This designation maintains the commercial nature of the corridor with housing uses that help to transition into adjacent Low Density Residential designations. South Main Street Corridor The South Main Street Corridor includes the Children's Hospital of Orange County CHOC) and St. Joseph Hospital medical centers on La Veta Avenue, as well as various commercial and office uses on Main Vr::*-4? Street between La Veta Avenue and Chapman Avenue.Multiple - family residential apartments located west of Main riiA Street and south of Chapman Avenue form a buffer between the Main Street corridor and single - family neighborhoods to the west. The South Main Street corridor also includes areas south of SR -22 along Town and Country Road, characterized by mid -rise office, senior housing, and commercial retail uses. f f ._a. -.._. {,rw;:•::a s ;:.,- ORANGE GENEPAL PLAN LU-3 7 LAND USE elt•vmmommummuminumumigammommimiummommummor C Most of this focus area is located within the City's Redevelopment Project Area. South Main Street serves as a key approach to the major medical hub created by CHOC and St. Joseph Hospital medical centers. These medical facilities have generated a spin -off demand for medical office space and other z complementary uses that existing land use policies and parcel sizes do not easily accommodate. In recent years, new medical office buildings have been constructed on redeveloped sites, but many commercial properties remain that are incompatible with desired medical uses. The corridor also abuts established single - and multi - family neighborhoods, making expansion and intensification a challenge. Market studies completed for the General Plan update concluded that this area has good potential to provide for relatively high density housing and mixed -use development that supports current and future medical facilities in the area, while the Town and Country shopping center and Main Place regional mall in Santa Ana continue to provide nearby retail amenities. The land use plan for this focus area is based upon the following future development objective, which is consistent with citywide Land Use Element policies and the Community Vision: Encourage compatible and integrated residential, commercial, and office uses. Promote development of a medical corridor that capitalizes on existing hospital and medical uses. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN LU -38 x LAND USE 0. i, t 3 Expand 1 i;x J - 'eta Sal 2,-- -e 1I m 1 3'"E - -'r CHAPMAN AVE. 57 s U: 1r F} °•. Neigh. : 'f :sir Compatible 1 1 11 it r .,. i a g F s ' i 4 L E 1 ?1 Land Use Designations i t _ '1 Neighborhood Mixed Use 24 y I r e v t as I r I Urban Mixed Use fie .I j Urban Office Professional A r-P f 1 s1 i ,, r,pn General Commercialtel: I E t; *°'t 1" '1,,,04,i 4 1 i I LA VETA AVE Professional Office t F Development t W y ir 4Z ------ - -• - -- I It? !z ,rOWN AND COUNTRY RD R f 1 High- Intensity Retail, Office, and 1;- ti SOUTH MAIN STR T z'< Housing Development CORRIDOR Y ;. S i Llf The plan encourages mid- to high -rise office, medical, housing, and retail uses south of La h . Veta Avenue. It applies the Urban Mixed -useI - and Urban Office Professional designations to properties along La Veta Avenue, Town and Country Road, and Parker Street. Urban r- t V Y i Mixed -use areas south of SR -22 are intended jki''s ;N to provide for integrated commercial retail, a s --_professional office, housing, and civic uses. Commercial retail uses are intended to be the primary use on the ground floor within these areas. Urban Office Professional areas north of SR -22 are intended to provide for urban, high- intensity, mid- and high -rise office centers. Professional office is intended as the primary use. Both designations allow for a maximum allowable intensity of 3.o FAR within this area. A limited number of high -rise office and residential projects may also be permitted within this focus area through the use of transferable development rights. The plan also features Neighborhood Mixed -use designations for portions of Main Street south of Almond Avenue. This designation encourages compatible and integrated residential, commercial, office, and medical uses, either as multiple -story projects with ground -floor retail, or as stand -alone projects with pedestrian connections to the arterial corridors. ORANGE GENERAL, PLAN LU -39 LAND USE IIIV Neighborhood -scale mixed -use at this location is IIIIIM, intended to support the ongoing transformation of south Main Street into a medical corridor in a manner sensitive to surrounding single - family residential areas. On south MI is Main Street, Neighborhood Mixed -use areas are PI permitted at a maximum density of 24.o du /ac, and a maximum FAR of 1.5. In the Town and Country Road area i; south of SR -22, high intensity retail, office and housing 1 dill y l ---"'development is encouraged within the Urban Mixed -use 1 011 OP P7 aldesignation, which allows a maximum density of 6o.o T c, ' du /ac, and a maximum FAR of 3.o. The General Commercial designation present at the intersection of _t , w ` Main Street and Chapman Avenue allows for a maximum as development intensity of 1.o FAR, to enable more air productive use of retail properties near the intersection. i 1 -- West Chapman Avenue /Uptown Orange The West Chapman /Uptown Orange focus area consists of mostly commercial and industrial properties located west of SR -57, as well as commercial areas located along Anita Drive, just east of the Santa Ana River. In recent years, the City has experienced a high level of interest in sites available for redevelopment in Uptown Orange (generally bounded by SR -57 and State College Boulevard). Large multi - family developments have recently been constructed and property owners and developers remain interested in increased office, retail, and 0 housing opportunities. Factors influencing redevelopment interest in this area include expansion of the University of California Irvine (UCI) Medical Center, freeway accessibility, improvements at The Block at Orange, County government facilities located in the area, and the City of Anaheim's Platinum Triangle Plan. Uptown Orange is the most urban of the eight focus areas. It adjoins Anaheim, Garden Grove, and Santa Ana, where substantial higher- density development is already underway. Uptown is well- served by freeways and contains a mix of major destination uses, including shopping, entertainment, offices, hotels, and a hospital. As a regional mixed -use node, Uptown should accommodate additional development intensity, including high- density multifamily residential development. Market studies completed for the General Plan update concluded that Uptown Orange has the potential to complement similar residential /mixed -use development in surrounding cities. Existing and proposed retail /entertainment facilities at The Block provide the atmosphere to create a live, work, and play destination once higher- density residential units are introduced. This mixed -use development strategy and increased residential densities will require improved transit access. Additionally, the presence of the Santa Ana River and associated regional bike trail along the eastern edge of the focus area provides great opportunity to improve the community's access to and relationship with the river, and to integrate access to and views of the river corridor in the design of mixed -use projects. The land use plan for this focus area is based upon the following future development objectives, which are consistent with citywide Land Use Element policies and the Vision 1 Statement: ORANGE GENERAL PLAN LU -40 k ' - *'' LAND USE Encourage integrated commercial retail, professional office, housing, and civic uses. Provide convenient transit access, innovative housing options, and pedestrian- oriented design. Require new development projects to provide community open space areas and retain or improve access to the Santa Ana River Trail. An elm ORANGEWOOD AVE t WEST CHAPAIAAN / 3 tiE U PTOW t >, Q P,t.,..,_S YCAMORE AVE. an Joa:— oa;s as Q... C./i 1 1 Z 11 11 F vi 1, ,v I L,j 57 - z / i V u a + L Center i j sk 46 1CCof1itl /MdiaospaecGardenGrove e". trenh,ck Center i 1 at Orange Vs High Intensity Land Use Designations 1 Retail, Office, and y i Low Density Residential 1 ousing Development a ' i Low Medium Residential s it Medium Density Residential 01111 01.Urban Mixed Use in 22' t7 ,Neighborhood Office Professional r,..,.,.m General Commercial Cit f na Public Facilities and InstitutionsSang GARDEN GROVE BLVD a i t Open Space The plan features an Urban Mixed -use designation for most of the focus area, which provides for integrated commercial retail, professional office, housing and civic uses. Convenient transit access, innovative housing options, and pedestrian- oriented design will be encouraged. High intensity retail, office and housing development is encouraged within the Urban Mixed -use designation, which allows a maximum density of 6o.o du /ac, and a maximum FAR of 3.o. A limited number of high -rise office and residential projects that exceed the maximum density or intensity may also be permitted within this focus area through the use of transferable development rights. New development projects in this area will be required to demonstrate provision of community open space areas, and, for projects adjacent to the Santa Ana River, to provide access to the River Trail when possible. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN LU -41 LAND USE Old Towne and Santa Fe Depot The Old Towne and Santa Fe Depot focus area is generally bounded by Walnut Avenue to the north, La Veta Avenue to the south, Cambridge Street to the east, and Batavia Street to the west. Uses within Old Towne consist of a variety commercial retail, service, restaurant, and office uses lining the Chapman Avenue and Glassell Street corridors; Hart, Plaza, and Depot Parks; industrial and warehouse buildings lining uw the Burlington Northern /Santa Fe BNSF) Railway west of Glassell Street; several churches; Orange City Hall; the Orange Public Library & History Center; the Senior Center; much of the Chapman University campus; and numerous single - family and multiple - family residential units at varying densities. Over the past several years, the City has taken steps to enable long -term preservation of historic properties in Old Towne, and in the process, has created one of California's most intact and recognized historic districts. Today, strong interest exists among segments of the community to reduce overall residential densities in the Old Towne residential quadrants, and to make the areas surrounding the Santa Fe Depot more pedestrian friendly and transit - oriented. The Santa Fe Depot and associated Metrolink station and OCTA Transportation Center provide commuting options to people living and working in Orange. Opportunities for land use changes in this area arise because of its proximity to The Plaza and Chapman University, and due to the presence of Depot Park, under - utilized industrial properties, and surface parking lots. Land use changes could better integrate this area with its surroundings and could lead to more transit- oriented housing and creative re -use of historic industrial and commercial buildings. Old Towne is the heart of the City, and the General Plan seeks to protect the small -scale fabric of the area, as well as the existing predominantly single - family neighborhoods that surround the Plaza. Residents in this "small town" district enjoy proximity to key quality -of- life amenities, such as restaurants, shopping, commuter rail services, and other public facilities. The area provides amenities that are compatible with and supportive of new mixed - use development, which may include small -scale office development, additional storefront retail, and new housing. Market studies completed for the General Plan update concluded that mixed -use designations in this area are more likely to build out as residential use than as non - residential use. Residential uses will in turn drive support for additional non - residential development. The land use plan for this focus area is based upon the following future development objectives, which are consistent with citywide Land Use Element policies and the Vision statement: ORANGE GENERAL PLAN LU -42 i tram.-.'°,111.7. 'IV LAND USE 3 • Reduce residential densities in many Old Towne neighborhoods. Continue to protect and enhance OId Towne's historic character. Introduce neighborhood -scale mixed -use along Chapman Avenue and Glassell Street, and adjacent to the BNSF railroad. Encourage the adaptive re -use of existing industrial areas and the creation of transit - oriented developments around the historic Santa Fe Depot. Maintain and enhance OId Towne's walkability. Provide for continued use and enhancement of the civic center. The plan features lower residential densities within the northeast, southwest and southeast quadrants of Old Towne, and introduces mixed -use within the historically industrial areas adjacent to the BNSF railroad. Low Density (maximum 6.o du /ac) residential designations are applied to most current residential areas located east of Glassell Street. West of Glassell Street, a combination of Low, Low Medium, and Medium Density Residential designations are found, consistent with current development patterns. The intent of these designations is to ensure that infill development within Old Towne over time is consistent with the style, density, character, and intensity of the historic residential neighborhood character. If.t OLD TOWNE AND 1> SANTA FE DEPOT I1fi?{ F :rink f 1 i 3 _t fl WALNUT AVE.a 1 LL ulsx$3k40 a I C hapman a z t University i 1 Lower R esidential iI1Densities Land Use Designations I HistoricFSanta Fe I Depot ,*ea Low Density Residential T L'nrary - i Low Medium Residential ra C ......,/,.....,ent L Medium Density Residential K J Old Towne Mixed Use Spoke 1 1 coptext -Sensi ive lainl Old Towne Mixed Use 15 I 1 busing, Re and 1 LO1 of t N +Mice Devel Lpment I Old Towne Mixed Use 24 Residential I s Densities u — 11 Lower I Neighborhood Office Profess. 1 Residential Densities Industrial Public Facilities and Institut. > LA VETA AVE ice Open Space Park Two Old Towne Mixed -use designations with a maximum density of 15.o du /ac surround the Plaza and line much of Chapman Avenue, Glassell Street, and the BNSF railroad corridor. One ORANGE GENERAL PLAN LU -43 LAND USE of these is designed with a lower floor area ratio to maintain the historic residential character associated with the Spoke Streets. A higher- density Old Towne Mixed Use designation that allows up to 24.o du /ac generally occurs along Olive Street, north and south of Chapman Avenue, and around Pixley Street. The higher- density designation supports future plans for transit - oriented development near the Metrolink station outlined within the Santa Fe Depot Specific Plan. The Old Towne Mixed Use designations encourage and support development up to the property lines in the downtown core and Santa Fe Depot Specific Plan area in order to maintain the historic streetscape and building pattern that characterizes these portions of the Old Towne area. Ground floor retail uses are encouraged for most infill development projects, which could be supported by residential or office uses on subsequent stories. Stand alone commercial, residential, or office projects may also be appropriate, provided they do not 4 Q interrupt the historic streetscape. The Old Towne jjn s''Mi xed -use designations also encourage the 4 W 11 adaptive re -use of the existing industrial areas, 0 I:and support improved walkability within the area I Chapman University and the Orange Civic Center R are contained within the Public Facilities and Institutions designation. The civic center includes City Hall, the Orange Public Library & History Center, the Chamber of Commerce, Fire Department Station 1, St. John's Lutheran School, MNN Emanuel Lutheran School, the Women's Club, and 1 IF etVersant d y the Ainsworth House. Industrial Areas A# This focus area generally consists of properties located north of Orangewood Avenue /Walnut j.ii Avenue and west of the BNSF Railway. Portions of the area, including the Katella Avenue Corridor and the Orangewood /Eckhoff area, are also addressed in more detail in other focus areas. Orange's industrial area is characterized by a broad mix of business park, office, manufacturing, warehousing and commercial uses. A limited number of single - family homes are located in the industrial area, mostly concentrated along Cully Drive. The entirety of this focus area is located within the City's Redevelopment Project Area. Over time, market forces may create demand for more office space or for more intense business park or warehouse uses than currently exist. Considering ways to increase the intensity of uses throughout the City's industrial areas will encourage more productive use of limited land resources. Care must also be exercised to ensure adequate buffering between higher intensity industrial uses and surrounding residential areas to the north and east. Market studies completed for the General Plan update concluded that demand for industrial and office use in this area is strong, particularly among those who want to own their buildings. Therefore, the City seeks to preserve the primary industrial land use found in this area and to encourage intensification and /or redevelopment of underutilized parcels. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN LU -44 LAND USE The land use plan for this focus area is based on the following future development objectives, which are consistent with citywide Land Use Element policies and the Vision statement: Decrease the maximum allowed intensity within areas located west of Batavia Street and generally south of Grove Avenue to discourage professional office uses within this area in favor of true industrial uses. Provide room for expansion of current businesses and infill of vacant properties in remaining portions of this area by increasing the maximum allowed development intensity. Preserve the single - family residential character of the Cully Drive neighborhood. The plan features Industrial land use designations west of Batavia Street and generally south of Grove Avenue. At these locations, the maximum allowed intensity is 0.75 FAR. The remaining portions of the industrial area are designated Light Industrial. In these areas, the maximum allowed intensity is 1.0 FAR with a three -story height limit to ensure a sensitive interface with nearby residential areas. These changes provide capacity for current businesses to expand, and enable more intensive uses to provide infill of currently vacant properties. INDUSTRIALTRIAL j.I Fr1 ` , Cully Drove j f I Residential mac oC 57 f f C MEATS AVE. W 11 te i BALL R0.i //1 GROVE AVE.O f J Vi General Industri 4 kr Man acturing 4`nd War house Uses TAFT AVE Land Use Designations Rail ad 141. - - Union . a 4 L t Low Density Residential Industrial IIN'IN" '# ATELEA AVE.Low Medium Residential Business Park U-es with 3 -story H•'•ht Limit/4.. .Medium Density Residential Urban Mixed Use 2.ti-/ i Neighborhood Office Professionaltoll rhP a/7 7 COLLINS AvE General Commercial 4 it:71 Light Industrial I1 I Industrial I i a t, z Open Space ORANGEWOOD 4V 0 ' f V 11 , mu 1 Open Space Park ORANGE GENERAL PLAN LU -45 W or F LAND USE INV i C Properties on the east side of the Taft Avenue /Orange -Olive Road intersection are designated Medium Density Residential (permitting up to 24.0 du /ac). Additionally, to protect the integrity and character of the Cully Drive neighborhood, currently residential lots located on Cully Drive, east of Batavia Street, are designated for Low Density Residential use, permitting up to 6.o du /ac. Lemon Street Corridor O. k The Lemon Street corridor is bounded by Lemon Street on the east, the BNSF Railway on v"i , the west, Hoover Avenue on the north, and Collins Avenue on the south. The corridor 3 t f t ;'; t includes predominately industrial and office I j'11 uses and vacant lots. This corridor represents It, , IF V ' i an opportunity to redefine and improve the j E- industrial interface with single- and multi - family residential uses to the east. F n LEMON STREET CORRIDOR FOCUS AREA 1 i Future rt ti, ' t Residential 1 STRUCK AVE. 9r ` Brenna Lane 1- Industrial Park u7 c Land Use Designation s Medium Density Residential z Q Light Industrial o Industrial Z J p W Q COLLINS AVE. Market studies completed for the General Plan update indicate that developers have shown interest in providing residential uses within the Lemon Street corridor. This focus area is located in the City's Redevelopment Project Area, and it is likely that the Redevelopment ORANGE GENERAL PLAN LU -46 R. -4 mss.t. LAND USE A Agency will need to provide financial and lot assembly assistance in order to successfully transition this area to desirable residential development. The land use plan for this focus area is based upon the following future development objective, which is consistent with citywide Land Use Element policies and the Vision statement: Establish a corridor of well - insulated, higher density residential uses, gradually transitioning, from west to east, into a single - family residential area. The plan features a Medium Density Residential designation to the north of the focus area, allowing a maximum density of 24.0 du /ac and industrial in the southern two- thirds of the area. Future development in this area should also incorporate accessible open spaces for residents and workers and take advantage of opportunities for future trails parallel to the railroad tracks. Eckhoff Street /Orangewood Avenue This focus area encompasses the area generally east of the Santa Ana River, north of Orangewood Avenue, west of Bitterbush Channel, and south of Collins it Y Channel. The focus area largely consists of professional offices, commercial uses, warehouses, and distribution centers. It i- 4.'0._ E has historically been planned and zoned_ for industrial use; however, over the years, 0 properties have been allowed to develop as offices, and areas adjacent to the offices have been allowed to develop as industrial parks. This focus area is located within the City's`" Redevelopment Project Area. As in the City's industrial area as a whole, demand i h Iw for industrial and office use in the Eckhoff Street /Orangewood Avenue area has been e t 4:, - ill 1,' strong, particularly among those who want to own their buildings. The City i seeks to encourage intensification and /or t 14i ' a -4 redevelopment of underutilized parcels.ys+ r The land use plan for this focus area is Pim based on the following objectives for future development, which are consistent with citywide Land Use Element policies and the Community Vision: Recognize the potential of areas north of Orangewood Avenue to continue to provide options for lower -scale office uses and business -park oriented light industrial uses, as well as warehouse and distribution uses. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN LU -47 LAND USE P:"...10 4 Expand current neighborhood -scale office activities along Orangewood Avenue. The plan supports an expansion of current neighborhood office uses along Orangewood Avenue and north of the Eckhoff Street intersection. All areas designated Light Industrial have a maximum allowable building intensity of 1.o FAR and a 3 -story height limit. Properties designated for Neighborhood Office Professional use have a maximum allowable building intensity of o.5 FAR. ECKHOFF STREET / 4- . •..1 ORANGEWOOD AVENUE. t i FOCUS AREA i 1 1 COLLINS AVE. I 1 gp ' i if i ft I 1 U 40/ , ,4 ' W Tht,/ tOS i Industrial J //r r ,'; ; j Business Park Uses rll / 7/ i 1 j i I r 4 1 M Neighborhood -Scale Land Use Designations Office DevIloprnent z Neighborhood Office Professional I zi Light Industrial eihminsiesamineami ORANC E1Y000 Av I I 1 Land Use Diversity and Balanced Development A well - balanced community provides a broad range of housing and business opportunities as well as recreational, institutional, and cultural activities that enhance the overall living environment. By encouraging a mix of land uses, the City can create an active and diverse environment that complements all lifestyles and supports neighborhoods. A balanced inventory of land uses is needed to meet the housing needs of all income groups and lifestyles, to create a stable employment and tax base, to maintain logical relationships between land uses and community assets, and to provide residents with a range of recreational opportunities. Maintaining a variety of complementary land uses will continue to be a high priority for the City. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN LU -48 LAND USE A key challenge that the City will face when reviewing future development is that newer areas of Orange (mostly located in the eastern portion of the City) and long- established areas of the City (mostly located in the western portion) have very different development and community service needs. Priorities in the City's western area tend to be more established, focusing on reinvention of older commercial and industrial areas and on new opportunities to provide open space as part of infill development. This contrasts with priorities for east Orange, which is characterized by more recent suburban residential development. Here, providing adequate levels of roadway, utility infrastructure, and community services that are in step with new development and do not degrade service levels in other parts of the City is a key priority. Mixed – use Development As this Element has discussed, mixed -use refers to the mixing of compatible uses such as residential, commercial, and office, which increases the diversity of and uses within a given to area. Mixed -use developments create vital urban y Y F t areas that accommodate residents, employment, e 1 retail, and amenities within walking distance. t. ' l 1 r j II Mixed -use will also activate neighborhoods throughout the day, unlike single -use office districts, for instance, that are often deserted at 7 A., a._ 'r1 k.Rn' , t tfir - night. Mixed use buildings are often vertically r mixed, with commercial space on the first floor and residential or office space above. Horizontal mixed -use is also desirable at some locations, allowing commercial to be adjacent to an office or residential use. 1 The Land Use Policy Map identifies multiple types of U 11 1 ` 1 E p mixed -use within the City. All of the mixed -use 1 1..designations encourage a creative blend of commercial it § i i r t 1 4: retail, office, housing, civic, and entertainment uses that rilt , ji , ' i r3 may vary in composition and intensity based upon location accessibility, and the surrounding development 1,4 context. Figure LU -7 identifies potential configurations of mixed -use, in both plan and elevation, which may be found in Orange pursuant to the policies outlined in this g 4 -, - ' v Element. As shown in the figure, the style and intensity F of mixed -use in Orange varies by location. For example, in areas designated for Urban Mixed -use, vertical mixed - use is encouraged, and mid -to -high rise buildings sa reaching upwards of 10 or more stories may be allowed. By contrast, in Neighborhood and Old Towne Mixed -useIL a..areas, either horizontal or vertical mixed -use is encouraged. Buildings tend not to exceed three stories, and they are designed to blend in with their surroundings. The City encourages this diversity of mixed -use development as a way of establishing vibrant activity centers, providing diverse housing opportunities, and encouraging walkable districts with convenient access to goods and services. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN LU -49 kyt LAND USE Transfer of Development Rights for Residential Development or Open Space The City seeks to promote flexibility in future development of urban mixed -use environments, to encourage and support historic preservation within OId Towne, and to encourage expansion of open space opportunities in neighborhood scale mixed -use areas. Transfers of development rights are encouraged for these four future development conditions, which are summarized in Table LU -4 and discussed below. Table LU -4 Transfer of Development Rights Conditions Site Characteristics Maximum Transferable Other Purpose Receiver Site Land Donor Site Land Unused FAR Requirements Use Designation(s) Use Designation(s) Receiver Site) Provide for increased Urban Mixed -use Urban Mixed -use 0.25 FAR Development levels of residential use at Agreement appropriate sites. Encourage development Urban Mixed -use Urban Mixed -use 1.0 FAR Development of well- designed high rise Agreement development consisting of buildings 10 stories or zo percent of receiver higher at identified site must be locations.developed as permanent improved open space Expand and preserve open Neighborhood Neighborhood Variable Development space in Neighborhood Mixed -use Mixed -use determined by Agreement mixed -use environments Development Old Towne Mixed -use Agreement) Encourage and support Old Towne Mixed -use Old Towne Mixed -use Variable Development historic preservation in OId determined by Agreement Towne mixed -use Neighborhood Development environments.Mixed -use Agreement) For properties within the Urban Mixed -use designation, (see Figure LU -8) allowable land uses include residential (at 30.o to 60.o du /ac) or commercial retail or office, or any combination of those uses that does not exceed a maximum FAR of 3.o. For properties with proposed commercial retail and /or office development that do not exceed the maximum FAR, any unused FAR on that donor site, up to a maximum 0.25 FAR of an identified receiver site, may be transferred to other Urban Mixed -use designated properties for the purpose of developing additional residential units on the property that receives the unused FAR. This approach to development is known as a transfer of development rights (TDR) and must be completed under a development agreement in accordance with City ordinances. This TDR technique is allowed in addition to density bonus provisions of State law (section 65915 of the California Government Code). Transfers of development rights from a donor site under this strategy may be limited to one receiver site, or may involve multiple receiver sites. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN LU -50 inNCr-I—CJN r y N a; X r yy n e aA' 1 1 IN 1cu B 0 Qx3 0 y.,,.__ a IM p•••• E E. : I B I • N . i .. 78 ' 5 m 1 1. ME= : 1 I . I . I a IEFL i_ Tts ' 6' EI- ll I n o N tzl u Q o ppp. 1 o a Q N ii J V N h N N N C Li 7 dx 3' Z v N w H u i O RS !' t C L O N 1' Vf v11 E V t° - r r g g 2 Z H v c c 73 & v t s. 5 o o z av Z I § 0° Ii r 1' I A LAND USE ICATELLA AVE f_/ I STRUCK AVE COLLINS AVE. 4 I 57 iiORANGEWOODAVE. I s 1 1 W a. A A A 1 SYCK,AORE AVE. ii'L C HAPMAN AVE, !A, 1 II 1 I 1 ` `91 1 11 LAWSON WAT i 1 y LA VETA AVE L 1` 1221 I • 13I w Jill 41 , 1" 1-rr r - i 1 Urban Mixed Use Sites Eligible for High -Rise Development NORTH 1 1 1 Feet 0 1,500 3,000 Figure LU -8 Urban Mixed -use Sites Eligible for High Rise Development To determine the number of residential units that can be added to the receiver property, unused FAR is converted to building floor area square footage; for example, 0.25 FAR for a receiver property of 10 acres in size is 108,900 square feet. The resulting square feet of building floor area is then divided by 1,000 square feet (the average size of a residential unit) to determine the number of additional residential units that can be added to the receiver property above and beyond the allowed 30.0 -60.0 du /ac already allowed on that property. In this example, dividing 108,900 by 1,000 equals a maximum of 109 dwelling units that can be added to the receiver property, above and beyond the 300 -600 dwelling units already allowed. For some properties within the Urban Mixed -use designation, the City desires well- designed high -rise development consisting of buildings 10 stories or higher. For any unused FAR, up to a maximum of 1.0 FAR of the receiving property may be transferred from other Urban Mixed - use designated properties, if proposed development on the receiving property results in the construction of a well designed high -rise building, and at least 20 percent of the property is developed as permanent improved, publicly accessible open space. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN LU -53 4 LAND USE For properties in the Neighborhood Mixed -use designation, transfers of unused FAR are permitted and encouraged for the purpose of creating open space. Similarly, in the OId Towne Mixed -use designation, transfers of unused FAR are permitted to support historic preservation within the Old Towne neighborhood. Industrial and Office Uses Providing options for industrial development and office uses within the City contributes to the economic and employment base of the community. A variety of industrial and warehouse facilities are located in the area north and south of the western end of Katella Avenue. Uses range from large beverage and grocery distributors, to masonry and foam manufacturers, down to small one - person printing operations. Office spaces that support industrial practices can also be found in this area. Industrial development in Orange and throughout the region has undergone some transitions in recent years. Even though traditional manufacturing activities dominate these areas, in some cases warehousing uses and a few modern office parks are starting to replace manufacturing. In addition, Orange has experienced increased demand for larger, multi -story professional office complexes at locations such as South Main Street, Town and Country Road, La Veta Avenue, and The City Drive. Demand has also grown for medical office space surrounding local hospitals. The Land Use Policy Map indicates a change in proposed land use designations directly west of the core of OId Towne, from Industrial to OId Towne Mixed -use. By changing the land use designation, the City is encouraging the adaptive reuse of several industrial sites to support walkability and transit presence in the area. The City continues to support industrial and office uses in areas currently characterized by these uses, and encourages a mixture of office, commercial, and residential uses in the area near the Old Towne core. F s row a p Contextual and Environmental Compatibility The quality of the built and natural environments plays a large part in defining Orange's quality of life. Land use conflicts often occur when newer development is allowed to occur that is insensitive to the use, scale, or character of current development and the surrounding environment. In other cases, older, obsolete and nonconforming uses remain, interspersed ORANGE GENERAL PLAN LU -54 4 LAND USE among newer developments, as when old service stations or repair shops are located in the midst of residential development. Such conflicts can lead to degradation of the built environment. The City has ensured that all proposed land use designations in this Element are designed to complement and enhance adjacent and surrounding land uses and the natural environment. Coordinated Planning Future planning considers ongoing planning efforts of all City departments, agencies, surrounding jurisdictions and special districts. In addition, ongoing planning efforts undertaken by regional agencies such as the County of Orange, the Southern California Association of Governments, the South Coast Air Quality Management District, the Santa Ana Regional Water Quality Control Board, and others need to be examined for consistency with the City's long -range objectives. The following plans and programs, which are administered by federal, state, county, and special purpose agencies, will help achieve the goals of the Land Use Element. The City will continue to coordinate with the agencies responsible for administering these plans to ensure that City interests are considered and met. National Pollutant Discharge and Elimination System The City of Orange is under the jurisdiction of the Santa Ana Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB), which implements the National Pollutant Discharge and Elimination System NPDES) permit for the northern and central portions of Orange County. The NPDES permit, a requirement under the Clean Water Act, addresses pollution from urban runoff that threatens water quality of receiving waters (such as streams and lakes). Under the NPDES permit, Orange must implement measures to reduce urban runoff during all phases of development: planning, construction, and existing use. Requirements include incorporating Best Management Practices to reduce runoff from construction and current uses, reporting any violations to the RWQCB, and education regarding the negative water quality impacts of urban runoff. California Environmental Quality Act and Guidelines The California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) was adopted by the state legislature in response to a public mandate for more thorough environmental analysis of projects that might affect the environment. Provisions of the law and environmental review procedures are described in the CEQA Statutes, State CEQA Guidelines, and the City's guidelines implementing CEQA. Implementation of CEQA ensures that during the decision making stage of development, City officials and the general public will be able to assess the environmental impacts associated with private and public development projects. Southern California Association of Governments Growth Management Plan The Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) Growth Management Plan recommends methods to redirect regional growth to minimize traffic congestion and better protect environmental quality. The goals of the Growth Management Plan include balancing ORANGE GENERAL PLAN LU -55 LAND USE INV jobs and housing. While SCAG has no authority to mandate implementation of the Growth Management Plan, principal goals have implications for the land use composition of Orange. LAND USE IMPLEMENTATION The goals, policies and plans identified in this Element are implemented through a variety of City plans, ordinances, development requirements, capital improvements, and ongoing collaboration with regional agencies and neighboring jurisdictions. Specific implementation measures for this Element are contained in the General Plan Appendix. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN LU -56 CIRCULATION a . H v : NOE MOBILITY H ENERAL ]err INTRODUCTION AND VISION FOR THE FUTURE Orange's circulation system has been influenced by a variety of historical factors, including the presence of the Santa Fe Railroad, the vision of Alfred B. Chapman and William T. Glassell, the agricultural history of the area, and alternative transportation modes including a historic streetcar system. In 1887, the Santa Fe Railroad came to Orange and built a station four blocks west of the Plaza. The coming of the railroad set off a real estate boom that brought hundreds of settlers to the area. The railroad also influenced the City's early economic success by providing a means to transport goods, especially citrus, to the entire country. Today, the railroad tracks continue to serve freight trains and provide a critical Zink to the region via the Metrolink heavy rail transit system. In the 187os, Alfred B. Chapman and William T. Glassell subdivided their land into residential and small farm lots centered on a roundabout known today as Plaza Park. Plaza Park was C dedicated in 1886 and established the City's two main streets — Chapman Avenue and Glassell Street — as well as the compact street grid of Old Towne Orange. The street grid and railroad system were supported historically by a streetcar system that connected the small towns and settlements that make up the City today. Over time, the small farms on the outer edges of Orange's core district began to disappear. Two factors influenced this change: the demand for housing after World War II and the appearance of "Quick Decline" disease that destroyed the local citrus industry. As each farm was developed independently, the grid system expanded outward and commercial corridors were established. Orange's roadways began to take on a more suburban pattern of collectors, connectors, and arterials. As development reached the eastern portion of the City, the grid gave way to curvilinear street patterns. The historic roadways and railways that form the basis for the current circulation network have been complemented over the years by the development of a streetcar system, a transit service, an emerging and continually expanding bicycle trail and route network, and routes for equestrian use in the eastern portion of the City. The City will continue to be served by these multiple modes of transportation and other emerging mobility technologies. 0 ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CM 1 CIRCULATION AND MOBILITY Orange's Vision for the Future, described in the General Plan Introduction, recognizes that the circulation system is a key component of the quality of life in the City. Accordingly, the vision includes the following objectives: Residential areas will be ccinnected to commercial, recreational; and open space areas, as well as educational and cultuAlrfecilities via a balanced, multi -modal circulation network that accommodates vehicles, pedestrians, cyclists, hikers, and equestrians. This network will create additional opportunities for walking and biking, enhancing safety and well- being for neighborhoods and businesses. The City will work to define neighborhoods through the use of open space areas and a trail system that provideT-a source of aesthetic beauty and recreational opportunities. These open space areas support a healthy and active community. We will develop a connected mufti-modal network for traveling from one end of town to the other that provides the option for residents from different neighborhoods to access parks, open spaces, and scenic areas by vehicle, transit, foot, bicycle or, where appropriate, horse. Purpose of the Circulation Mobility Element California's General Plan Guidelines mandate that the Circulation & Mobility Element fulfill the following objectives: Show a direct relationship to the Land Use Element to ensure that any changes to land use as stated by the Land Use Element and growth occur with adequate circulation and transportation facilities in mind. Address relevant issues including the adequacy of "major thoroughfares, transportation routes, terminals, other local public utilities and facilities." The goal of the Circulation & Mobility Element is to identify circulation problems related to these facilities in the early stages and resolve them in local goals and policies without costly delays. Other relevant issues discussed in the Circulation & Mobility Element include those that address streets, highways, public transit routes, railroads, bicycle and pedestrian routes, recreational trails, paratransit, parking, transportation system management, and air pollution. The hierarchy of streets within the residential areas helps to frame the urban form. Connections between neighborhoods can be achieved by a comprehensive network of sidewalks and trails. Also, the commercial corridors can be enhanced with adequate street capacity, public transit, and pedestrian - friendly environments. The state also recommends that the Circulation & Mobility Element address coordination efforts among the local, regional, and state transportation plans to better resolve circulation issues. Since many transportation concerns are regional, addressing them requires intergovernmental and regional transportation management plans and policy implementation. These partnerships ensure the most efficient use of funding, infrastructure, and other resources. The state also recommends the "preservation of transportation corridors for future system improvements." max 'L ORANGE GENERAL, PLAN CM -2 CIRCULATION AND MOBILITY The Circulation & Mobility Element prioritizes the issues and opportunities that exist within Orange's transit network. It is directly responsive to proposed changes in land use and anticipates the impacts of those changes. This Element also seeks to reassure residents and businesses that the City recognizes the Zink between transportation and land uses, and provides a means to mitigate the impacts of growth. Another goal of the Circulation & Mobility Element is to increase transportation options and provide increased access to the circulation system for all residents of Orange. This goal includes improved rail and bus transit connections and frequency, implementation of a Bikeway Master Plan, and completion of a trails system. Transforming many of Orange's historically auto - oriented commercial corridors, such as Katella Avenue, Main Street, and portions of La Veta Avenue, Chapman Avenue, and GlasselI Street into more pedestrian - friendly mixed -use environments is an overarching goal. Where possible, the development of equestrian trails is also encouraged. One of the main functions of the Circulation & Mobility Element is to guide and direct enhancement of the current circulation system for existing and future developments. Thus, circulation provisions correlate with the Land Use Element to avoid unchecked growth and unnecessary congestion. Another key objective of the Element is to work toward a future circulation network that provides meaningful alternatives for getting around the community by less auto - dependent means. The City's topography, street and sidewalk system, transit and trail framework, and land use relationships provide an excellent foundation for pursuit of this objective. The Circulation & Mobility Element does not simply determine automobile routes. It also guides the movement of people and goods, directly affecting Orange's physical, social, and economic environment. Since circulation permits accessibility to places and social amenities, it can either improve or cause deterioration in quality of life. Circulation efficiency also plays a major role in progress and development of the City's economy. Scope and Content of the Circulation Mobility Element The Circulation & Mobility Element comprises three sections: i) Introduction; 2) Issues, Goals, and Policies; and 3) The Circulation & Mobility Plan. The first section introduces the contents of the Circulation & Mobility Element. The second section presents issues, goals, and policies for improving circulation. The third section includes the Circulation & Mobility Plan, which designates locations and standards for roadways and non - motorized circulation facilities, and states the community's desired level of transportation service. Implementation measures designed to promote achievement of the goals and policies are provided in an Appendix to the General Plan. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CM- 3 1 g CIRCULATION AND MOBILITY Relationship to other General Plan Elements California planning law requires that the Circulation & Mobility Element correlate and maintain consistency with the other General Plan elements. The Circulation & Mobility Element relates most closely to the Land Use, Natural Resources, Noise, Economic Development, Housing, and Urban Design Elements. The Circulation & Mobility Element is linked to the Land Use Element because the General Plan land use designations identified in the Land Use Element serve as a basis for the allocation of vehicle trips and establishment of capacity levels for circulation planning. The Land Use Element also provides land use designations that accommodate mixed commercial and residential development, which encourage shorter trips and improve the efficiency of the transportation network. The Circulation & Mobility Plan is established to define and provide for adequate levels of service and facilities to support future land uses. This Element recommends roadway and intersection improvements that may require land acquisition. Location of public transportation facilities will also influence pedestrian activity and transit - oriented development, and the physical size of streets will affect urban land uses and the physical appearance of the City. The Natural Resources Element identifies regional air quality objectives and provides appropriate mitigation efforts that affect the Circulation & Mobility Element. Improving access, encouraging alternative modes of travel, and maintaining air quality and conservation standards are common objectives of the Natural Resources and the Circulation & Mobility Elements. The Noise Element addresses future noise levels associated with roadways, rail, and other transportation facilities. Future volumes of traffic on the circulation system are directly related to future noise levels and mitigation strategies. The Economic Development Element identifies desirable economic conditions and land uses that enhance and promote business activity, employment growth, and economic stability. The goals and policies of the Circulation & Mobility Element will determine road capacity in Orange, which will impact the type and location of uses, and parking and access considerations associated with future uses. Both elements share a common objective of planning for future transportation infrastructure needs. Maintaining roadways, bikeways and bus and rail transit facilities is critical to the success of both current and future businesses in Orange. The Urban Design Element is a framework for shaping the future form and character of Orange. The quality of Orange's physical environment contributes to its identity, attracts new residents, and sets the stage for economic activity. The Urban Design Element builds on the foundation of Orange's already strong sense of place to preserve and strengthen the streetscape environment of commercial corridors and landmarks within the city. The Urban Design Element and Circulation & Mobility Element share a common objective to reinvent City streets as more functional and walkable public places. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CM 4 Ku -„CIRCULATION AND MOBILITY ISSUES, GOALS, AND POLICIES The goals, policies, and implementation programs of the Circulation & Mobility Element seek to achieve a better balance between vehicular, pedestrian, and bicycle travel, and to provide a wide range of viable transportation options to Orange residents. The following six issues are addressed: (i) enhancing the local circulation system; (2) maintaining the regional circulation system; (3) maintaining a viable public transportation network; (4) creating a comprehensive system of sidewalks, trails, and bikeways; (5) providing adequate parking facilities; and (6) improving circulation system aesthetics and safety. Local Circulation System The local roadway system serves the community's primary needs for mobility and access, and consists of a hierarchy of City streets to meet those needs. The City's original street system was established as a grid pattern long before a Master Plan of Arterial Highways (MPAH) was adopted. The Old Towne area and many postwar neighborhoods were designed in a classic grid configuration, while in newer parts of the City, physical features such as the Santa Ana River, Santiago Creek, hilly terrain, freeways and the presence of the City of Villa Park have resulted in a system without a definitive pattern. Some major roads do not connect the eastern and western portions of the City and consequently do not provide effective through circulation. A well- designed roadway system will provide convenient access to activities in Orange. GOAL 1.0:Provide a safe, efficient, and comprehensive circulation system that serves local needs, meets forecasted demands, and sustains quality of life in neighborhoods. Policy 1.1:Plan, build, and maintain an integrated, hierarchical, and multi -modal system of roadways, pedestrian walkways, and bicycle paths throughout the City. Policy 1.2:Identify key intersections and streets with historical or projected traffic congestion problems and apply creative traffic management measures to improve overall circulation. Policy 1.3:Consider various methods to increase safety on City arterials and neighborhood streets, including landscaping, provision of bike /transit lanes, and consideration of traffic calming on neighborhood streets in accordance with the City's Neighborhood Residential Traffic Management Program. Policy 1.4:Prohibit on- street parking where possible to reduce bicycle /automobile conflicts in appropriate target areas as recommended by the Bikeways Master Plan. Policy 1.5:Address possible safety and noise effects of increased rail activity on grade crossings throughout the City. Policy 1.6:Maintain and repair roadways and sidewalks as necessary to improve circulation and safety. Policy 1.7:Consolidate driveways along roadways that provide access to commercial uses to minimize side street interruption and promote smooth traffic flows. tlE177W , 2 - ,'..11110111111111111."_ ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CM- 5 4e P CIRCULATION AND MOBILITY On- street parking is prohibited on commercial access streets to provide adequate curb -to -curb width for travel lanes. Regional Circulation System Mobility in Orange is directly related to the regional transportation network, as the City lies at the confluence of several regional freeways: the Santa Ana Freeway (Interstate 5), Orange Freeway (State Route [SR] 57), Garden Grove Freeway (SR -22), Costa Mesa Freeway (SR - 55), Riverside Freeway (SR -91) and Eastern Transportation Corridor (SR -241). In addition to the freeways, other connections to the region include the commuter rail system known as Metrolink, a freight and goods rail transport system, and a regional bikeways system with connections to the Santa Ana River and other locations. Orange is also connected to the region via the Orange County Transportation Authority (OCTA) bus system. City infrastructure must accommodate regional through traffic originating in other communities in addition to providing local residents access to the regional network. GOAL 2.0:Provide an effective regional transportation network. Policy 2.1:Ensure consistency with the County MPAH in order to qualify for funding programs. Policy 2.2:Coordinate with adjacent cities to plan and develop major east /west and north /south arterials and rapid transit to connect the City with the cities of Anaheim, Tustin, Santa Ana, Garden Grove, and Villa Park, as well as developing areas within the City's sphere of influence. Policy 2.3:Cooperate with and support local and regional agencies' efforts to improve regional arterials and transit in order to address increasing traffic congestion. Policy 2.4:Coordinate land use planning with anticipated future development of roadways and other transportation facility improvements as well as the expansion of commuter rail and bus service. Policy 2.5:Ensure that transportation facilities and improvements do not degrade the quality of Orange's commercial and residential areas. Policy 2.6:Encourage the use of regional rail, transit, bicycling, carpools, and vanpools for work trips to relieve traffic congestion. Policy 2.7:Continue to support the use of rail corridors within the City for the movement of freight and goods, and work with rail operators to minimize associated traffic delays. Public Transportation Public transportation is a crucial component of a comprehensive circulation system. In addition to reducing air pollution and traffic congestion, a successful public transit system provides an alternative mode of travel for those with limited mobility, residents who may not have access to a car, and persons who choose not to drive. GOAL 3.o:Connect centers within the City to each other and to the region through efficient and accessible public transportation. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CM -6 CIRCULATION AND MOBILITY Policy 3.1:Work with OCTA and other agencies to assess City public transportation needs and to ensure delivery of services when and where they are needed. Policy 3.2:Enhance and encourage provision of convenient and attractive transit amenities and streetscapes to encourage use of public transportation (e.g., benches, trash cans, shelters, and lighting). Policy 3.3:Require incorporation of transit - oriented design features within major commercial and employment areas as well as in medium density residential and mixed -use development areas. Sidewalks, Trails, and Bikeways In addition to offering recreational and public health benefits, non - vehicular modes of transportation offer commuting options. Also, the mixed -use environments advocated by Land Use Element policies will encourage increased pedestrian activity on City sidewalks for both business and pleasure. An effective pedestrian, bicycle, and equestrian network must be safe and accessible, and must connect key activity centers within the City with each other and with the regional trail system. A comprehensive network of on- street bicycle lanes, off - street bicycle paths, sidewalks, and trails should be developed and maintained to increase the safety and utility of the system, with a particular focus on the City's sidewalk deficient industrial areas GOAL 4.0:Provide efficient and accessible modes of pedestrian, bicycle, and equestrian transportation and improved facilities and amenities. Policy 4.1:Create a comprehensive bicycle network that is integrated with other transportation systems by establishing complementary on- street and off - street facilities as identified in the City of Orange Bikeways Master Plan and OCTA Commuter Bikeways Strategic Plan, including Santiago Creek, the Santa Ana River, and the Tustin Branch Trail. Policy 4.2:Install racks and safe storage facilities at parking areas for City facilities, as appropriate, and encourage incorporation of such facilities within privately - developed projects. Policy 4.3:Improve citywide awareness of automobile and bicycle safety. Policy 4.4:Encourage use of the bikeway system by providing adequate signage, trail markings, and other amenities. Policy 4.5:Ensure that pedestrian sidewalks, trails, and bikeways are safe environments through the use of crime prevention- oriented trail design features, lighting where appropriate, pedestrian and bicycle safety improvements at at -grade rail crossings, access for emergency vehicles, and links to the roadway signal system. Policy 4.6:Explore opportunities to convert abandoned rail corridors into segments of the City's bikeway and pedestrian trail system. Policy 4.7:Provide ADA accessible sidewalks and pedestrian amenities throughout the City. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CM- 7 4 CIRCULATION AND MOBILITY 4 Policy 4.8:Expand and maintain an equestrian trail network and provide for appropriate staging areas and infrastructure. Parking Facilities A shortage of parking can cause circulation problems and could lead to a reduction or Toss of business activity. Old Towne Orange has been identified as an area of particular concern. As the City develops, providing adequate parking adjacent to other activity centers is increasingly important. GOAL 5.o:Provide adequate parking to meet the needs of activity centers throughout the City. Policy 5.1:Provide adequate parking to protect and support the economic vitality and diversity of Old Towne. Policy 5.2:Plan for and design parking facilities throughout the City that are adequate to meet demand, but also consider land use - parking efficiencies, and the surrounding natural and built environment. Policy 5.3:Encourage adjacent businesses to consolidate parking facilities and access points. Policy 5.4:Encourage well- designed structured parking in commercial areas where such features would be economically feasible, safe, and visually integrated with existing development. Circulation System Aesthetics Streets that have been made or modified to include visual .and pedestrian amenities can improve the overall look and feel of City streets, as well as enfo g`functionality for all users. As major commercial corridors are beautified and changed to include a pleasant pedestrian environment, this will have positive effects on the feelings of safety and security for pedestrians, bicyclists, and motorists. GOAL 6.o:Provide roadway corridors that are aesthetically pleasing and contribute to a feeling of safety, security, and comfort for motorists, bicyclists, and pedestrians. Policy 6.1:Supply adequate, clear, and correctly placed signage to direct both motorists and non - motorists toward destinations and away from hazards. Policy 6.2:Provide clear indicators in the right -of -way for where pedestrians and bicyclists are encouraged to walk, bike, or cross safely. These may include special paving, line stripes, and crosswalks. Policy 6.3:Provide lighting, landscaping, street trees, and other appropriately scaled streetscape features that accommodate all users on commercial corridors. Where appropriate, lighting should be scaled for autos as well as pedestrians. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CM- 8 CIRCULATION AND MOBILITY CIRCULATION & MOBILITY PLAN The objective of the Circulation & Mobility Plan is to document existing transportation facilities in the planning area used for the movement of people and goods. The Element addresses the desired future condition of these facilities, and their relationship to future land uses identified in the Land Use Element. The Plan describes the circulation system, including the arterial network and intersections, the public transit system, bicycle paths, recreation facilities, parking, and railroad operations. The City's circulation network includes an extensive system of roadways, bus transit service, commuter rail, and freight rail. Local Circulation System A well- designed local arterial roadway system that connects to a well - developed regional circulation system provides safe and convenient access to employment, housing, recreation, and commercial areas in Orange. City arterial roadways located on the western side of SR - 55 generally follow north -south and east -west orientations. On the eastern side of the freeway, arterials are characterized by curvilinear streets due to undulating geographical surroundings. Key north -south arterials include Tustin Street, GlasseII Street, Main Street, and The City Drive. Key east -west arterials include Chapman Avenue, Katella Avenue, Taft Avenue, and parts of La Veta Avenue. These arterial roadways are in turn supported by a network of collector and local streets that provide access to homes and businesses throughout the City. Roadway Classification System The City's roadway network is distinguished by a hierarchical classification system that differentiates roads by size, function, and approximate daily capacity based upon Level of Service D (LOS D). LOS is a qualitative measure that characterizes traffic congestion on a scale of A to F with LOS A representing a free -flow condition and LOS F representing extreme congestion. LOS standards can apply to either intersections or links (a section of street between two intersections). Generally speaking, LOS represents the ability of a roadway or an intersection to accommodate traffic. In the City, intersections are used as actual control points. City roadways consist of both divided and undivided roadways. Divided roadways generally contain a physical barrier or buffer, such as a raised median or a continuous two -way left turn lane, between each direction of travel. Divided roadways remove vehicles making a left turn from the travel lanes so as not to impede through traffic and constrict roadway capacity. Undivided roadways do not contain a buffer between each direction of travel, and therefore left- turning traffic can impede through traffic. Undivided roadways may provide turn movement pockets at intersections. The six categories of roadways in Orange are summarized in Table CM -1. Proposed cross - sections for each type of roadway are shown in Figure CM -1. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CM- 9 CIRCULATION AND MOBILITY Table CM -1 Roadway Classifications Classification Facility Type Characteristics Smart Street Smart Street 4 -8 lane divided, with possible signal coordination, intersection capacity improvements and/or grade separations Principal Arterial 8 Lane Divided Primarily serves through traffic with limited local access Major Arterial 6 Lane Divided Serves mostly through traffic with some local access allowed Primary Arterial 4 Lane Divided Serves through and local traffic Secondary Arterial 4 Lane Undivided Serves through and local traffic Collector Street 2 Lane Serves mostly local traffic ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CM -10 CIRCULATION AND MOBILITY 0 66' 33'33' 10'23'23'10' 5' . 1 I- 5 _ J Centerline Collector Street 86 ' 43'43' 8 35'35'8' Centerline Secondary Arterial 100' r 4 50 ' 8' 42'42' r 8' 1 7 .. T I Centerline Raised Median Optional Primary Arterial 120' 60 r 52'52'13:--. 7 . 7 . 1 Centerline Raised Modlan Optional Major Arterial 134' (Variable to 144') 67'67' 8 '59 '59' t 8' 1 j illigallaggimiti Centerline Raised Median Optional Principal Arterial and Smart Street Variable Cross Section) Figure CM -1 Roadway Cross Sections ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CM -11 2 aso•CIRCULATION AND MOBILITY A, The City's policy is to use a link capacity standard of LOS D. The following paragraphs represent Zink capacities of each roadway type at LOS D. Smart Streets are typically four- to eight -lane roadways with enhanced capacity and smoother traffic flow than standard arterial streets. These streets have enhanced features such as traffic signal synchronization, bus bays, intersection improvements, and the addition of travel lanes by removing on- street parking and consolidating driveways. The traffic carrying capacities of Smart Streets can range from 6o;00o to 79,000 vehicles per day, depending on the number of lanes, degree of access control, peak period loading, and the configurations of major intersections. Principal Arterials are typically eight -lane divided roadways with medians or continuous two - way left turn lanes. They can accommodate up to 67,50o vehicles on an average weekday at LOS D conditions, depending on the degree of access control, peak period traffic loadings, and lane configurations at major intersections. Principal arterials prohibit on- street, curbside parking, and connect directly to freeways. Major Arterials are six -lane divided roadways with medians or continuous two -way left turn lanes. They can accommodate up to 50,70o vehicles on an average weekday at LOS D conditions, depending on the degree of access control, peak period traffic loadings, and lane configurations at major intersections. Major arterials facilitate traffic circulation within Orange, and also prohibit on- street, curbside parking. Primary Arterials are four -lane divided roadways with medians or continuous two -way left turn lanes. They can accommodate up to 33,75o vehicles on an average weekday at LOS D conditions, depending on the degree of access control and peak period loadings. Primary Arterials provide for easy circulation in the City, and allow for limited on- street, curbside parking. Secondary Arterials are four -lane undivided roadways without medians. They can accommodate up to 21,60o vehicles on an average weekday at LOS D conditions, depending on the degree of access control and peak period loadings. Secondary arterials allow for on- street, curbside parking. Collector Streets are typically two -lane roadways without medians that gather and distribute traffic to higher- capacity arterials. They can accommodate up to io,800 vehicles per average weekday at LOS D conditions, depending on the degree of access control and peak period traffic loadings. Centerline striping is typically not provided on collector streets, and on- street parking is allowed. There are several types of two -lane streets in the City, including divided, undivided, residential, and collector streets. Each type serves a slightly different purpose and may have different capacity thresholds based on various factors. Performance Criteria Evaluating the ability of the circulation system to serve residents and businesses in Orange requires establishing performance criteria. Performance criteria have a policy component that establishes a desired LOS, and a technical component that specifies how traffic forecast data can be used to measure criteria achievement. ORANGEGENERAL PLAN CM -12 CIRCULATION AND MOBILITY The LOS definition for intersections is based on a volume -to- capacity (V /C) ratio and provides a more quantitative description of traffic conditions. Table CM -2 presents LOS based on traffic volumes and the design capacity of intersections. Table CM -2 Level of Service Definitions for Intersections Level of Volume -to- Capacity Service Ratio Description A 0.00 -0.60 Free Flow /Insignificant Delays: No approach phase is fully utilized by traffic and no vehicle waits longer than one red indication. B 0.61 -0.7o Stable Operation /Minimal Delays: An occasional approach phase is fully utilized. Many drivers feel somewhat restricted within platoons of vehicles. C 0.71 -0.80 Stable Operation /Acceptable Delays: Major approach phases fully utilized. Most drivers feel somewhat restricted. D 0.81 -0.90 Approaching Unstable /Tolerable Delays: Drivers may have to wait through more than one red signal indication. Queues may develop but dissipate rapidly, without excessive delays. E 0.91 -1.00 Unstable Operation /Significant Delays: Volumes at or near capacity. Vehicles may wait through several signal cycles. Long queues form upstream from intersection. F N/A Forced Flow /Excessive Delays: Represents jammed conditions. Intersection operates below capacity with low volumes. Queues may block upstream intersections. Source: Highway Capacity Manual, Transportation Research Board, Special Report No. 209, Washington DC, z000. Although roadway capacity is generally a function of peak hour intersection performance and the corresponding peak hour volumes, daily arterial segment capacities (link capacities) also provide a measure of the overall LOS of the arterial system. Generally, traffic impact mitigation focuses on peak hour intersection performance, since system performance is typically a function of intersection performance. The City's policy is to use a Zink capacity standard of LOS D. Table CM -3 presents arterial daily capacities at LOS D and LOS E. Table CM -3 Arterial Daily Capacity Threshold Assumptions Daily Capacity Street Type LOS D LOS E Smart Street — 6- to 8 -lane divided 71,100 79,000 Principal — 8 -lane divided 67,500 75,00o Major — 6 -lane divided 50,700 56,300 Primary — 4 -lane divided 33,750 37,500 Secondary — 4- lane undivided 21,600 24,000 Collector — 2 -lane undivided 10,800 12,000 Source: City of Orange General Plan Update Traffic Report, 2008. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CM— 13 CIRCULATION AND MOBILITY Various LOS policy standards have been established to evaluate observed traffic conditions, future development plans, and circulation system modifications. At the local level, the City of Orange has established LOS D as the lowest acceptable level of service for both roadway segments and peak -hour signalized intersection movements. At the regional planning level, Orange County's Congestion Management Plan (CMP) specifies LOS E as the operating standard for roadways and intersections on the CMP highway system. The CMP Highway System consists of the Orange County smart street network plus the state highway system. Thus, the SR -55 northbound and southbound ramps at Katella Avenue are CMP intersections within the City's jurisdiction. The City does not have an adopted LOS standard for unsignalized intersections. Performance of unsignalized intersections is evaluated on a case - by -case basis. The City has also established additional thresholds for project impacts that go beyond acceptable operational LOS to address direct project impacts to roadway capacity. For purposes of compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), projects that increase V/C by .01 or more on affected roadway segments at intersections already experiencing or projected to experience LOS E or F conditions, are considered to create significant impacts, and mitigation is required. This requirement is designed to reduce the occurrence of both roadway congestion and underfunded improvements, and is implemented within the City of Orange Traffic Impact Analysis Guidelines. In order to maximize the efficiency of its circulation system, the City will look at where physical improvements to the circulation infrastructure can be made to expand capacity and increase traffic flow. To maximize efficiency of the road system, the City will support traffic signal coordination and spacing, and will also discourage on- street parking along arterials. In addition, the City will explore ways to reduce the demand for vehicular transportation, specifically through the provision and maintenance of bike lanes, bikeways, and trails, and will also encourage additional regional transit services and support facilities. The City's Transportation Demand Management (TDM) ordinance (Chapter 10.83 of the Municipal Code) further specifies a variety of techniques available to employers with 100 or more employees to advance the goals of efficiently utilizing the existing and planned transportation system and reducing vehicle emissions. City Master Plan of Streets and Highways Land Use Element policy will allow land use changes and intensification to occur in specific focus areas within the City. The City's Master Plan of Streets and Highways displayed in Figure CM-2 has been developed in close coordination with land use policy to ensure that traffic generated by new development will not compromise the City's goal to ensure that intersections and roadway segments operate efficiently. The map identifies components of the City's roadway circulation system. The map also indicates where augmented roads are needed, and pinpoints locations for enhanced intersections, including the future Meats Avenue interchange at SR -55. Although most of Orange is already built out, most remaining developable land is located in the eastern part of the City. New development in east Orange will require construction of new roads to provide circulation and traffic flow to residents and businesses. Land Use Element policies enabling reuse and redevelopment within established portions of the City, particularly within the focus areas, may also necessitate roadway widening and intersection enhancements. The City will continue to collect funds for ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CM -14 w oillir CIRCULATION AND MOBILITY 1 C necessary circulation system capital improvements through a program that sets up a fee structure for all new development and redevelopment projects. This program will require developers to pay their fair share for transportation system improvements required by new projects. The City will use the annual 1 vi......seven -year Capital Improvement Program (CIP) process to prioritize,s r i triifund, and complete improvements required to achieve build -out of the 0. proposed roadway system identified in g Figure CM -z. Roadway Widening 1 v Roadway widening in specific locations will be necessary to obtain new travel lanes. Additional travel lanes may be acquired either by obtaining additional 4 rights -of -way as necessary or by constructing new lanes within existing rights -of -way. Parking restrictions may be applied to allow additional lanes to be provided within existing rights -of -way. Old Towne Street Network The Old Towne street network is a clear example of Orange's grid street pattern. Parallel k roadways have been established in both the north -south and east -west direction to distribute traffic evenly. The Plaza area at Glassell Street and Chapman Avenue is a unique feature that creates discontinuous traffic flows along these two primary roadways. However, no plans have been made to modify the National Register - listed Historic Plaza to increase its traffic carrying capacity. In light of these conditions, parallel roadways such as Almond Avenue, Palmyra Avenue, Lemon Street, Olive Street, Shaffer Street, Grand Street, Palm Avenue, and Maple Street will continue to serve as local collectors around The Plaza. Metropolitan Drive Extension Extending Metropolitan Drive behind the University of California, Irvine (UCI) Medical Center will help facilitate the movement of north -south traffic near The Block at Orange shopping area, improve access to Interstate 5 (1 -5), and relieve congestion on The City Drive. Metropolitan Drive will be extended from The City Drive /State College Boulevard to the Metropolitan Drive /Rampart Street connection. Critical Intersection Program Intersections serve as traffic control points for the circulation system, regulating the flow of vehicles along City streets and sometimes limiting the capacity of the system. In the long term, system capacity and efficiency can both be increased if intersections are designed to handle future anticipated traffic volumes. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CM -15 1 V1 O HO 2 Oo L. o w co N wi VI KC l tea i cy o tri I ) j 1 e we t . 0 b r.. r. I Q t/ 3 ro r' r r f CV S 1 4 %-", a r k% . Vi. w o f j a Z 4 o'... to Q 1 1t 411 N s rr z r t I A. a r an 9 N. 0 0 onl8 WM 30NV80 Z v S cPNNON /'..' 1 ; 1SNONN r' d,, N. kg k 1 5 r I f • r 4 C O C 1 1 r1-..... ` k ' .• anlB . OVI1NV. 1 d ' l' ra 6 191 y Y L I h C2'. L , . 3nV S3M3H - t O 7' N a J L S3 aVNVld S3 1 m V r U = ~ OI Nu`' il eN::,, uaun O NI Q C t ,- L . 1r7 V 103 dS0a 7 r ' U: t 0 f t;. ' • I O Jb b C I ' a Of . w 4 ......„ La L 6 R 7 , 0 1 4 P. MI • 4, 000 2 c e 1 k cc t Q rLr 11. 0k - 411 my I. 1. 2, 1/ waI I 1s NIlSfl1. I' 7 b E- N . vy - a 1 S NllSftl Z d 1 x 1S IVNVO j r6 t 7 ui n z C y C 7 W N a H 3 U N ' 0 Q t_.. y 7 aa x Iiiiiiiiiigkia0 w 1S a3ddVNS E O N I x Y O O U 1S l,' ! r• I Y d v, 1 Q iii 1 1 w d n wa uo7G¢ rdn 4 ..` _ i r te - Nu 6 AM 1A1 Feo.; re• a e7ueuia, 7 8 d riiiiiii 7 L. ..` '. LS i> u ' iir iirm aillim SVInV1V: pi3O' Y ra ma 11 .. • / y 7• ii::: 1S NIVW O u d ro Q N N d • La S ddOHM 1 O a I • z a sa3N, ol3 4 J ; m S N31K3 ' b x 1 wQ i °, o T• 3nvlolsla9 r cA 0A19393110031V. LS a I r C I • 0 J a 0 0 OJ = ICI 1300 N 1 p: rJOd i W' - is GI i s C d m 0 L O N d i I n Sang F4 r, n 1 r - _ C L bA , 0 I Nor', e H z I I m alVj o aaarad 6 ti 3 1 f I P atil" ANANE..' 5 7 Lfi 31n c W ! •, I ' I I • I CJ I r CIRCULATION AND MOBILITY Typically, the design of the roadways forming an intersection dictates the intersection configuration. Department of Public Works standards indicate that a left -turn pocket may or may not be provided, depending on traffic volumes through the intersection. However, one pocket may not be adequate to handle vehicles during peak hours. Traffic may back up into a through travel lane, resulting in congestion at the intersection and at other locations along the roadway. One way of providing additional intersection capacity at critical locations is through the use of special intersection configurations known as "critical intersections." Critical intersections deviate from typical City design standards by increasing the number of lanes at an intersection beyond what typically would be required. By increasing capacity at the intersection, the circulation link increases overall system capacity. The Master Plan of Streets and Highways (Figure CM -2) identifies the locations of critical intersections within Orange. A list of these intersections and diagrams depicting their geometries are on file in the Public Works Department. Regional Roadway System The City's local circulation network is connected to an efficient regional circulation system. Figure CM -2 shows the freeways that traverse the Orange planning area. The Santa Ana Freeway (1 -5) provides interstate and regional access to the City. In addition, SR -57, SR - 55, and SR -22 all provide connections to the City from northern Orange County and neighboring Los Angeles County, San Diego County, Riverside County, and San Bernardino County. SR -91 and SR -241 provide additional, more limited freeway access. SR -241 is a toll facility controlled by the Transportation Corridor Agency (TCA). 1 -5 is a northwest- southeast freeway that passes through the southwest corner of the City, and provides direct access to Los Angeles County to the north and San Diego County to the south. 1 -5 has two interchanges within Orange —one located at its junction with SR -57 and SR -22 (commonly known as the Orange Crush) and the other at State College Boulevard /The City Drive. The junction at the Orange Crush currently has the most severe congestion, which directly affects the roadway system in the City. With projected future growth in Orange and in the region, traffic flow at this junction is expected to worsen. The City will continue to work with and support the efforts of local and regional agencies to mitigate the increased traffic congestion in this area. SR -91 is an east -west freeway that provides access to key arterial facilities in Orange, including interchanges at Tustin Street and Glassell Street. SR -91 also provides regional access through interchanges with SR -55 and SR -57 and SR -241. SR -22 is an east -west freeway that crosses through the southern portion of the City. Five SR- 22 interchanges are located in the City, at Tustin Street, Glassell Street, Main Street /La Veta Avenue, Bristol Street, and The City Drive. SR -55 is a north -south freeway that passes through the center of Orange, and provides access to the coastal communities of Orange County. SR -55 has four interchanges in Orange, ORANGE GENERAL, PLAN GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) CM -17 k 4 4-&-wessimmoressomomne C IRCULATION AND MOBILITY located at Lincoln Avenue, Katella Avenue, Chapman Avenue, and SR -22. An additional future interchange at Meats Avenue is contemplated within this General Plan. SR -57 is a north -south freeway that originates at the junction of 1 -5 and SR -22 and extends to San Dimas in Los Angeles County. It provides access for the eastern parts of Los Angeles County, and central and northern parts of Orange County. SR -57 has three interchanges in Orange, at Chapman Avenue, Orangewood Avenue, and the junctions of 1 -5 and SR -22. The Eastern Transportation Corridor (SR -241) is a north -south toll facility located in the eastern portion of the planning area. This facility provides direct access to east Orange. SR- 241 has three toll lanes in each direction and provides regional access through an interchange at Santiago Canyon Road. Consistency with County Master Plan of Arterial Highways Maintaining consistency with the County's Master Plan of Arterial Highways (MPAH) is required in order to ensure that the City's circulation system develops in a manner that promotes regional mobility. At a practical level, consistency is also required in order for the City to receive transportation funding under Measure M. Orange's Master Plan of Streets and Highways (Figure CM -2) is generally consistent with the MPAH. While the City's Master Plan of Streets and Highways has been consistent with the County MPAH to maintain funding eligibility, both the City of Orange and OCTA have the goal of a realistic and implementable MPAH. In keeping with this spirit, in 2010 as a follow up to adoption of this General Plan, the City worked with OCTA on amendments to the MPAH and Master Plan of Streets and Highways that downgraded the long- standing classification of Chapman Avenue and Glassell Street from 4 -lane Primary Arterials to 2 -lane Collector Streets, and removed the Critical Intersection classification of the Plaza. A remaining desire of the City is to work with OCTA to downgrade La Veta Avenue between Glassell Street and Cambridge Street from a Secondary Arterial to a Collector Street to reflect physical constraints related to historic buildings and features in the Old Towne National Register Historic District. To initiate the MPAH amendment process, a local agency must submit a written request to OCTA describing the amendment requested and provide documentation to support the basis for the request. A copy of the request must be submitted concurrently to the City Managers of adjoining cities. For the facilities under consideration, this would require a letter to be forwarded to the City of Santa Ana. Once the initial request is forwarded to OCTA, a conference between the City of Orange, OCTA, and potential affected jurisdictions is held to determine whether mutual agreement exists for the MPAH amendment. If mutual agreement exists, then Orange is expected to proceed with adopting this revision to the Circulation & Mobility Element. Upon adoption, the City of Orange would submit the Circulation & Mobility Element to OCTA and request OCTA Board approval of the Orange County MPAH amendment. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CM -18 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) tnE w ii CIRCULATION AND MOBILITY QPublic Transportation Effective regional transportation strategies are required to successfully implement City and County plans for accommodating future growth. Such strategies must Zink the City of Orange with other regional employment and commercial centers, as well as airports and other transportation hubs, and should fully integrate alternatives to the automobile. Alternative modes of transportation, including public transportation, bicycling, and walking, are important components of a comprehensive circulation system. These modes of transportation also help reduce air pollution and road congestion. Public transportation plays a key role in future land use development and mobility. As the roadway system reaches capacity, alternative modes of transportation provide additional capacity as well as an enhanced degree of mobility for residents, workers, and visitors. Existing services are expected to continue while enhancements, many of them currently in the planning stages, will increase the viability of alternative modes of travel. The integration into the circulation system of alternative modes of transportation, such as bus, rail, bicycle, and pedestrian, is essential to maximizing mobility opportunities for residents, workers, and visitors. Bus Service OCTA provides public bus service for the City of Orange. In addition, the Riverside Transit Agency (RTA) provides long- distance service between The Village at Orange and the Downtown Terminal in Riverside. Table CM -4 identifies local bus routes that connect various activity centers in Orange to each other and to the region. Table CM -5 shows the different community, station link, and inter- or intra- County routes that serve Orange. Community routes are express bus routes that provide faster connections to activity centers within and outside Orange County. Station link shuttles provide services between the Orange Transportation Center (OTC) and Orange. Both community and station link routes operate only at peak commuter times. In addition to the fixed -route service, OCTA also offers several types of specialized community transportation services, such as standard service (curb -to -curb service), door -to- door service, subscription service, and same -day taxi service. Some of these services cater to senior citizens and people with disabilities residing in the City. OCTA has forecast bus ridership to increase by approximately 75 percent by 2030. Some of this ridership increase will be the result of enhanced services, including express bus routes and introduction of bus rapid transit service. Much of the increase will be driven by increased arterial and freeway congestion levels in conjunction with improved local bus service. OCTA is planning to introduce bus rapid transit (BRT) services by 2011 on the Bristol Street -State College Boulevard, Harbor Boulevard, and Westminster Avenue corridors. This service would include planned BRT stops in Orange on State College Boulevard south of Orangewood Avenue and on The City Drive south of Chapman Avenue. With the projected success of this service, which is comparable to the Los Angeles Metro Rapid service, it is likely that BRT will be implemented on other key corridors. Corridors that have been considered for potential future application include Katella Avenue. 0 ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CM -19 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) s' CIRCULATION AND MOBILITY Convenient, accessible, frequent, and easy -to -use public transit is a cornerstone element of the proposed land use plan. Planned mixed -use residential and commercial areas and intensified commercial and professional office corridors must be coupled with increases in transit service. Orange's land use plan features mixed -use districts that strategically concentrate population density near alternative transit facilities, such as the OTC in Old Towne, transit hubs at The Block at Orange and South Main Street, and the future Anaheim Regional Transportation Intermodal Center station in Anaheim near the City's western boundary at Katella Avenue. Table CM -4 Local Bus Routes Route # Route Type Route Service Service Corridors Key Orange Activity Centers Served 24 Local Fullerton— Orange Malvern Ave. /The Village at Orange Chapman Ave. /Lincoln Park and Ride Tustin St.. 42 Local Orange —Seal Beach Lincoln Ave. /The Village at Orange Los Alamitos Blvd. / Lincoln Park and Ride Seal Beach Blvd. 46 Local Los Alamitos— Orange Ball Rd. /The Village at Orange Taft Ave.Lincoln Park and Ride 47 Local Brea — Newport Beach Brea Blvd. /Theo Lacy Jail Anaheim Blvd. /Orangewood Children's Home Fairview St.UCI Medical Center The Block at Orange 5o Local Long Beach — Orange Katella Ave.The Village at Orange Lincoln Park and Ride 53 Local Brea— Irvine Main St.Batavia Industrial Parks Children's Hospital — CHOC St. Joseph's Hospital OCTA Offices 54 Local Garden Grove — Orange Chapman Ave.Orange Civic Center Orange Transportation Center The Plaza UCI Medical Center The Block at Orange Rancho Santiago Community College 56 Local Garden Grove — Orange Garden Grove Blvd. Orange Transportation Center OCTA Offices Children's Hospital —CHOC St. Joseph's Hospital 57 Local Brea — Newport Beach State College Blvd. / The Block at Orange Bristol St.UCI Medical Center Theo Lacy Jail Orangewood Children's Home 59 Local Brea— Irvine Kraemer Blvd. /Orange Transportation Center Glassell St. /Chapman University Grand Ave. /Orange Plaza Von Karman Ave. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CM -20 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) CIRCULATION AND MOBILITY Table CM -4 Local Bus Routes Route # Route Type Route Service Service Corridors Key Orange Activity Centers Served 77 Local Yorba Linda - Balboa Tustin St. /The Village at Orange Red Hill Ave. /Lincoln Park and Ride Newport Blvd. Source: Orange County Transportation Authority, 2006 Table CM -5 Community, Station Link, Intra- and Inter - County Bus Routes Route # Route Route Service Service Corridors Key Orange Activity Centers ServedType 131 Community Yorba Linda - Orange Lakeview Ave./The Village at Orange Riverdale Ave. /Lincoln Park and Ride Tustin St. 147 Community Brea -Santa Ana Raiit St. /UCI Medical Center Greenville St. /The Block at Orange Fairview St.OCTA Offices St. Joseph's Hospital Children's Hospital - CHOC 167 Community Anaheim - Irvine Santiago Blvd. /The Village at Orange Q Hewes St. /Lincoln Park and Ride Bryan Ave. 453 Station Link Orange Transportation Chapman Ave. /Orange Transportation CenterCenter St. Joseph's Hospital Main St. /Children's Hospital -CHOC La Veta Ave.St. Joseph's Hospital OCTA Offices 454 Station Link Orange Transportation Chapman Ave. /Orange Transportation CenterCenter The Block at Orange Metropolitan Dr.UCI Medical Center The Block at Orange Bergen Brunswig Nexus 213 Intra County Brea - Irvine Express SR -55 Lincoln Park and Ride The Village at Orange 757 Inter County Diamond Bar SR -57 UCI Medical Center Santa Ana Express The Block at Orange RTA 149 Inter County Riverside - Orange SR - 9 1 The Village at Orange Operated by RTA)Downtown Riverside Source: Orange County Transportation Authority and Riverside Transit Agency, 2006. The City recognizes that ridership of both the bus and rail transit systems will increase, and has designed a and use plan that both enables and accommodates increased transit use. A large part of the City's role in accommodating additional transit use includes providing convenient and attractive transit amenities and streetscape features that improve user ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CM -21 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) rr k "fi CIRCULATION AND MOBILITY comfort and perception of safety, thus encouraging transit use. Transit - oriented Development (TOD) design features will be encouraged in major commercial and employment areas within the City, such as the Town and Country Road corridor, South Main Street, Katella Avenue, Uptown Orange, and Old Towne. Such TOD features may consist of streetscape measures such as bus turn -outs, benches, trash receptacles, shelters from wind and rain, and lighting. TOD features may also be more fundamental to the permitted uses and design within projects, such as incorporating child care centers, convenience stores, or personal services within the retail component of mixed -use projects, or near professional office concentrations. These and other measures help to make the transit system more accessible to a wide range of people. The City will continue to work with OCTA to pursue expanded community circulators, such as the current Station Link service, that will connect people to rail transit, employment centers, residential areas, and commercial corridors. Additional options, such as jitney services that function as group taxis, will also be explored. The City will also continue to support OCTA initiatives and services that promote the mobility of Orange's senior, disabled, and youth populations. To accommodate the needs of these groups, the City will continue to work with OCTA to offer para- transit services, and will seek ways to improve mobility for Orange youth through transit. The City of Orange will continue to cooperate with OCTA and other regional providers to establish new bus routes and stops, and to provide transit amenities. New subdivision plans will be reviewed by OCTA to assess impacts on bus services, and to examine the need to provide bus stops or bays. Orange will also work with OCTA to maintain and, if needed, expand successful transfer stations in Old Towne, the Village at Orange, and The Block at Orange. Rail Transit Many current passenger and commuter fixed -rail transit options in the City will be expanded in the future, offering significant alternatives to automobile transit for many individuals who commute to or from the City for housing or employment. Rail transit now has a proven track record in Orange, and Metrolink seeks to expand rail services in support of land use transformations near current and future rail stations. Metrolink Metrolink operates seven commuter rail lines in Southern California, two of which pass through Orange. The Orange County Line offers direct connections to Union Station in Los Angeles to the north and to Oceanside to the south. The Inland Empire— Orange County Line provides direct connections to Riverside /San Bernardino to the east and San Juan Capistrano to the south. Roughly 3o Metrolink trains pass through the City on a daily basis. The Metrolink station in Orange is located three blocks from The Plaza at the OTC, close to a variety of stores and civic uses in Old Towne. Amtrak and Metrolink operate a cooperative program called "Rail -2- Rail ", which allows all Metrolink monthly pass holders to use Amtrak within the limits specified on the pass. ORANGE GENERAL Pry CM - 22 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) 4 N j = =>CIRCULATION AND MOBILITY Another much - anticipated rail service improvement is intra- county rail service along the County's core transit corridor. This service, which will be provided by Metrolink on behalf of OCTA, is an attempt to provide intra- county trips with a high degree of reliability. This 3o- minute service is planned to operate between the Irvine Transportation Center (and possibly Laguna Niguel) and the Fullerton Transportation Center throughout the day to supplement Metrolink's peak period commuter service. The City recognizes that plans to increase daily service on the current Metrolink lines, improvements to the OTC, and future expansion of Metrolink services to new destinations would be beneficial to Orange by providing multi -modal transportation options for people living and working in the community, thus reducing auto dependence for business and leisure purposes. Anaheim Regional Transportation Intermodal Center The Platinum Triangle, which borders Angel Stadium in the City of Anaheim, proposes a e aft variety of high- density multiple - family high - rise l housing, office space, and commercial uses. The Anaheim Regional Transportation 1! i q Intermodal Center (ARTIC) is located adjacent 1 • to the proposed development, between Angel 44 ' Stadium and the Honda Center. ARTIC will be a ilk major regional transportation center similar in scale to Union Station in Los Angeles and E Ontario International Airport in Ontario. The intermodal center will be a stopping point for j Amtrak, Metrolink, buses, and future high- speed rail systems that connect to Ontario Airport, Las Vegas, and the Bay Area. The City of Orange will coordinate with the City of Anaheim, OCTA, and others to ensure that the City is able to take full advantage of the regional mobility benefits offered by ARTIC. Potential benefits offered to the City by ARTIC include: BRT service along Katella Avenue; a dynamic mixed -use commercial and residential center at the westernmost end of Katella Avenue; and bicycle and pedestrian connections to the Santa Ana River. California High Speed Rail Corridor The California High -Speed Rail Authority was established as a state agency in 1996 to direct the planning, design, construction, and operation of a future high -speed train system extending from Sacramento, San Francisco, and Oakland in the north to Los Angeles and San Diego in the south. This high -speed train is proposed to stop at ARTIC. OCTA estimates that by 2025, the California High Speed Rail Corridor will serve between 150,000 and 230,000 I (passengers each week. v:4-, 4- ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CM -GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) 4 tL CIRCULATION AND MOBILITY t Magnetic Levitation Train A magnetic levitation train is being planned that would connect Anaheim to Ontario, Victorville, Barstow, Primm, and Las Vegas. The California- Nevada Super Speed Train (SST) will use Magnetic Levitation Systems (Maglev), a type of transportation technology that uses electric power and non - contact electromagnetic levitation to sustain speeds in excess of 300 mph. The trip from ARTIC to Las Vegas on the California- Nevada SST will take about go minutes, with an estimated 40.4 million annual riders. A key future benefit offered by the Maglev train is a high -speed connection to Ontario International Airport, which is planned to grow substantially and to expand international service in coming decades. The City will support efforts of the California High - Speed Rail Authority, OCTA, and Southern California Association of Governments to construct these important rail corridors, and will cooperate with all parties involved in any future studies conducted to examine the noise and other impacts associated with the corridors within Orange. Sidewalks, Trails and Bikeways Walking and biking contribute to a healthy community, and play increasingly significant roles as alternatives to the automobile. The City recognizes this by providing and maintaining sidewalks, trails, and bikeways to support pedestrians and cyclists. Pedestrian Facilities In addition to providing basic transportation routes, sidewalks and pathways offer the opportunity to create appealing public spaces that reflect community pride and invite people to walk. Proposed mixed -use areas and reinvigorated commercial areas throughout the City will provide new and reinvented spaces for people to walk and shop. Walkability and access are essential components of a circulation system that easily and specifically accommodates pedestrians. Features that contribute to walkability include wide sidewalks, safe street crossings, design elements that encourage cautious driving, and a pleasant and safe walking environment. Sidewalks, walkways, well- designed pedestrian crossings, pathways, and pedestrian short -cuts allow people to get from one destination point to another with ease. Dedicated pedestrian paths can provide access between residential and activity areas, especially if streets do not connect. Access strategies for school children, seniors, and people with disabilities should also be incorporated into street and sidewalk plans. The City supports proactive integration of pedestrian improvements and amenities within the circulation system to improve walkability. The City will create and implement a pedestrian- oriented streetscape master plan addressing key commercial corridors, including Tustin Street, Chapman Avenue, Main Street, Lincoln Avenue, and Katella Avenue. The master plan will address all functional aspects of the pedestrian environment. It will identify pedestrian links that need improvement and strengthening, determine new pedestrian links to underserved areas, ensure adequate sidewalk widths to accommodate lighting and street trees, develop sidewalks in the industrial area that create links between bus stops, encourage safe routes to schools and recreation facilities, and minimize barriers to pedestrian and bicycle access. x ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CM -GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) CIRCULATION AND MOBILITY A Recreational Trails and Bikeways A comprehensive network of recreational trails and bikeways greatly benefits Orange residents and visitors by providing popular modes of transportation for recreation. In addition to recreation activities, the City also supports walking and bicycling as viable commute alternatives to the automobile. The City's plan for recreational trails and bikeways is shown in Figure CM -3. The plan includes trails maintained by the County and private homeowners associations, and is consistent with the OCTA Commuter Bikeways Strategic Plan. It is also consistent with the County's major riding and hiking trails and off -road paved bikeways. As described in the Vision for the Future, the plan will enable the City to connect parks to activity centers and residential areas using a combination of recreational trails and bikeways that truly allows people to travel from place to place within the City without needing an automobile. Recreational Trails As shown in Figure CM -3, over 7o miles of existing recreational trails are located within the City, connecting a large number of neighborhoods and community parks. In addition, 104 miles of proposed future trails are planned throughout Orange on land currently utilized for a variety of purposes, including flood control, railroad rights -of -way, and roadways. The City will use the annual seven -year Capital Improvement Program (CIP) process to prioritize, fund, and build proposed trail segments identified in Figure CM -3. These trails have been and will continue to be constructed and administered through cooperative efforts of the City, County, developers, and private homeowner associations. Desired cross - sections for recreational trails are identified in Figure CM -4. The City may require construction of portions of proposed trails identified in Figure CM -3 as a condition of development approval for projects located adjacent to the proposed trail alignments. Funding for recreational trails and associated restoration projects comes from a variety of federal, state, and regional sources. Priority for funding of trail improvements will be given to projects that complete loops within the system, provide missing links for regional and local trail systems, or serve as destination links to schools, parks, retail businesses, or regional trails. Priorities for the recreational trail system include: trail connections to the Santiago Oaks Regional Park extension west of Cannon Street, consisting of a connection between Calle Grande and Cannon Street, and the Jamestown trail from the Orange Park Acres equestrian arena to Cannon Street; trail connection from Serrano Avenue near Fred Barrera Park to Santiago Oaks Regional Park; Mabury Ranch Trail connection from the proposed Cerro Villa Park to the Santiago Oaks Regional Park; Serrano Avenue connection near Cannon Street; and Additional trail connection into Santiago Oaks Regional Park from Orange Park Acres. 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C n s. ^ i j m a ' m ' m o R fi^9roAN°" 1 II i d ( n U In 2 I ° UntN' " c''' R9iIN• d N i 15 3 1ANIVd W I ' . 1 a 1 e* n 1 CIRCULATION AND MOBILITY k A.m.. o t, . ):,.t u J Yj „r Veritcal 41 Wf4lN µ'Veritcal lt- . h 11 ubt(ps4UV. Ccarance 12 k,3C learance 12'7t w. 1 Fe nce or Nhll- i el 1 tA hVb i 1 _ tip • r ..11. 1 1 . s f–11 Sidewalk or 4 4V l y4 4.Sidewalk Edge I Trail Vvfdth 10' ^_ t T .. r 1 T'JI 2'Width 10'Trail Right-Of-Way 10' -20' I I Operation and Trail Minimum Maintenance Setback 6'Zone - Width Varies General Riding and Hiking Trail Riding and Hiking Trail Next to Roadway rn i o a 4 • :00.. o L r 1, t 1 r r 1 21 Trail Width 10'Nk:.i rr ` N ., , , '' /1I ._J.. a.i Trail Width 10'Operation and Operation and MaintenanceLZone. Width Maintenance Zone - Wdlh Vanes Watercourse Channel Varies Pedestrians and Bicyclists Equestrians Trail Adjacent to Watercourse Channel Figure CM - 4 Trail Standards ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CM -GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/ 1 ; 0 CIRCULATION AND MOBILITY To increase the number of people using non - vehicular means of transportation, the City will encourage putting in place a safe network of crosswalks, grade separations, and walkways to ensure the safety of pedestrians, bicyclists, and equestrians. Where appropriate, traffic calming devices and methods such as median landscaping and provision of bike or transit lanes should be used to slow traffic, improve roadway capacity, and address potential safety issues. The City will continue to work towards improving the overall condition, appearance, and safety of both medians and sidewalks in Orange. Bikeways Orange's relatively mild climate permits 4 bicycle riding year- round, and the growing popularity of of bicycling has drawn enthusiasts onto the streets and bike trails throughout the City. The plan for recreational trails and bikeways (Figure CM -3) shows the planned system of pA' bikeways within the City. The Orange Bikeway Master Plan has established three classes of bicycle routes that adhere to California Department of Transportation Caltrans) standards:pr Class I Off-road bike paths are located on vacated rail lines, water corridors, or areas otherwise separated from streets. Class II On -road bike lanes are located along arterial roadways that are delineated by painted stripes and other features. Class I11 On -road bike routes share use with motor vehicle traffic. They provide a route that is signed but not striped. Cross - sections for each type of route are shown in Figure CM -5. As shown in Figure CM -3, several future bike routes are planned within Orange, including the following high - priority projects: Completing Class I bike routes along Santiago Creek and the Tustin Branch Trail Establishing Class II bike lanes, including: o An east /west corridor on Walnut Avenue from the western City limits to Santiago Boulevard o North /south corridors on Main Street from Taft Street to Palm Street, on Batavia Street from Chapman Avenue to La Veta Avenue, and on Parker Street from La Veta Avenue to the City limits Establishing Class III routes along Almond Street, Feldner Street, and Bedford Street ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CM -28 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) J st.mmtissueirsaisNw C I RCULAT I ON AND MOBILITY 1 1 4 It . w 2' MIN.8%12' BIKE PATH 2' MIN. LEVEL 4 1. LEVEL CLASS I - BIKE PATH: OFF-ROAD NOTE: 1. BIKE PATHS CLOSER THAN 5' FROM THE EDGE OF PAVEMENT SHALL INCLUDE A BARRIER. PARKING STALLS OR 6" SOLID WHITEOPTIONAL4' SOLID STRIPESTRIPE (SEE NOTE 1) 4 PARKING 5' MIN.5' MIN.PARKINGMOTORVEHICLELANES4----÷ 4 BIKE BIKE STRIPED PARKING LANE LANE 6" SOLID WHITE l . C It;:::Zh STRIPEVERTICALCURB „,v‘1,13.;t ket...b,t,.ROLLED CURB — 12 MIN. (SEE NOTE 2) 0 0 MOTOR VEHICLE LANES 4 11 MIN. (SEE NOTE 2) 0. PARKING PERMITTED WITHOUT PARKING STRIPE OR STALL 6” SOLID WHITE 4=1 Akt, JC=aSTR ROLLED CURB ---\ 12' MIN. (SEE NOTE 2) 0.MOTOR VEHICLE LANES 4 11' MIN. (SEE NOTE 2) NOTES: 3' MIN.1. THE OPTIONAL SOLID WHITE STRIPE MAY BE ADVISABLE WHERE STALLS ARE UNNECESSARY 1{,i'V 5' MIN. BECAUSE PARKING IS LIGHT) BUT THERE IS CONCERN THAT MOTORISTS MAY MISCONSTRUE THE BIKE LANE TO BE A TRAFFIC LANE t 2. 13' IS RECOMMENDED WHERE THERE IS SUB= STANTIAL PARKING OR TURNOVER OF PARKED CARS IS HIGH (E.G. COMMERCIAL AREAS) MOTOR VEHICLE 4' - 5' MIN b BIKE LANE LANES BIKE LANE • lb MOST CURBS ARE 2' REQUIRING 5' MIN. BIKE LANES. PARKING PROHIBITED CLASS II - BIKE LANE: ON ROAD Figure CM-5 Bikeway Standards 1C ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CM-29 GPA 2010-0001 (8/10/10) 4 W 1i CIRCULATION AND MOBILITY The City has recently completed a paved bike trail along Santiago Creek from Tustin Street to the western City limit that continues on to Main Place Mall and the Discovery Science Center as well as two additional segments to the bike trail, which will extend the Santiago Creek Trail from Tustin Street to Grijalva Park, and also connect Grijalva Park at Santiago Creek to Collins Avenue along the City -owned portion of the Tustin Branch Trail right -of -way between Walnut and Collins Avenues. The Santiago Creek trail is planned to extend through and beyond the City, connecting the regional Santa Ana River Trail to Santiago Oaks Regional Park and wilderness areas east of Orange. The City will continue to work towards designing a comprehensive bike trail system that is highly accessible and safe for those who wish to use it. The City has proposed Class II and III routes along many north -south and east -west arterials, all of which connect to pedestrian trails and Class I routes. The City responds to the need to provide safe and efficient bike travel by making every effort to provide bikeways separate from the roadway. When bicyclists must share the road with automobiles, the City will work to improve overall safety. Currently, only one bicycle parking facility is located in Orange, at the OTC (Metrolink station). The City will work to provide greater bike amenities including delineated bike lanes and clear signage along bike trails. The City will also install bicycle racks and safe storage facilities at parking areas for City facilities, as appropriate, and will require privately developed projects to incorporate on -site bicycle facilities in accordance with the City's Zoning Code (Title 17 of the Orange Municipal Code). Parking Facilities Although parking is often considered a separate issue from vehicle circulation, it is important to address on- street parking because it has a direct effect on roadway capacity. In order to facilitate improved traffic flow along Orange's major arterials, the City generally plans to permit on- street parking only on streets classified as Primary or Secondary Arterials or Collector Streets. I Off- street parking deficiencies can reduce business activity, and can cause vehicles3..,, to re- circulate on public streets, which increases traffic volumes and congestion by reducing capacity for through traffic. The City's Zoning Code includes parking Y1 t'M.requirements to ensure that an adequate number of spaces are provided on -site e;for most uses. The Code also establishes minimum stall dimensions consistent iTi with current standards for other jurisdictions. These regulations apply to all new developments, and may be applied to current uses that are modified or expanded. Particular concern has been expressed within the community regarding current and expected future parking shortages in Old Towne. Figure CM -6 identifies the location of existing public parking lots in Old Towne. Most Old Towne parking lots have a maximum time limit of three hours, with or without a permit. However, some parking lots, such as the OTC parking located off Chapman Avenue, have no time limit. fi ..- . ..w at . ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CM -30 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) f v 11111111111111111N1111111r r iiii•Motr, 14111111111111111111M111 CIRCULATION AND MOBILITY z z AV SYCAMORE AVE I ' ' A \ GE v ENERAL PLAN n n F- t"u ' ' t C n L r u I J v 7 Z 7WPALMAVEEPAIAlA \'E ii r 7, I z O zs i R x a U U i 7 z z L 0 !IA MAP( F , \VE H Ir or. f MAPLE AVE r . ' r z w . . 0 i 3 <0;z O t E l FLA 1 N L L1 V\' CH \PMAN AVE ZA M gUARO E CIi• \PM:\,'V AVf 41 trel kr,It H VI VV ALMON") AVE E > \LMOtiU : \VE G.vl u W Q L..! r EVVASF1IN(aON AV t 0 n H VV PALMYRA A \ 'E f P \1 M\ R \- \\ E n s t-7.W W KEI.IY \VE `^p i a'l E VAN [31EIiER A\ cit h- U 1 LEGEND NORTH H H 1 F-i Feet No Time Limit o 140 280 420 80 tr A Time Limit Note: Possession of City issued parking permit enables holder to exceed specified time limit Figure CM -6 Public Parking Lots in Old Towne Orange ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CM -31 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) CIRCULATION AND MOBILITY 1 Orange will continue to provide sufficient parking to meet community demands. In Old Towne, the City will study the benefits of creating a parking district and the feasibility of developing underutilized parking lots surrounding The Plaza as public parking facilities. The City may encourage the use of shared parking, consolidated parking facilities, and underground parking or parking structures to provide additional off- street parking to meet future demands in areas throughout the City with higher concentrations of commercial uses. Circulation System Aesthetics The City has determined that it is necessary and desirable to improve certain roadways and their rights -of -way to enhance the experience for all users of these corridors. Major commercial corridors have been designated within the Urban Design Element to be improved with pedestrian -scale enhancements. Enhancements could include street trees, sidewalk improvements, lighting, bus shelters, and crosswalks. These improvements not only offer a more aesthetically - pleasing experience for all users in these corridors, they also may offer increased safety and security. Streetscape improvements offer safety and security to both motorists and non - motorists through increased visual cues, better visibility, and increased activity. Many streetscape enhancements provide not only a comfortable environment for the pedestrian and bicyclist, but also offer drivers visual cues that a non - motorist could be expected in an area. Improvements such as striping, bus shelters, and pedestrian - scaled signage guide the non - motorist towards areas that are most appropriate for their use. These same cues help the motorist to see where the presence of pedestrians and bicyclists is most likely to occur. For example, a well- marked crosswalk guides the pedestrian towards the location in the right -of- way most appropriate for crossing, while also alerting the motorist to slow down and look out for pedestrian traffic. Visibility offered by pedestrian - scaled lighting benefits non - motorists and motorists alike. Pedestrians and bicyclists are better able to see their way, which increases their feelings of security. Improvements that create a sense of security for pedestrians encourage increased use and activity. This increased activity, in turn, leads to a greater feeling of safety. The City has acknowledged the importance of improving the experience of users on many of its major commercial corridors. CIRCULATION & MOBILITY IMPLEMENTATION The goals, policies, and plans identified in this Element are implemented through a variety of City plans, ordinances, development requirements, capital improvements, and ongoing collaboration with regional agencies and neighboring jurisdictions. Specific implementation measures for this Element are contained in the General Plan Appendix. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CM -32 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) NATU aNGE RE SOURCE ENERAL PLAN INTRODUCTION AND VISION FOR THE FUTURE I Orange benefits from and relies upon its natural resources, which include a variety of landforms that provide the setting for the City, as well as the open spaces and parks that define many of the aN community's neighborhoods. These amenities provide visual relief from the intensity of urban areas. Open spaces offer areas for passive and active recreation, and for horticulture. They provide habitat for plant and animal life. Used as parks, they r.house facilities for recreational and civic activities that are accessed by residents and visitors of all ages. Striking a balance between the built environment and Orange's natural resources is vital to the long -term sustainability of the community. Such sustainability requires that growth occur in a responsible manner that Q allows natural resources to be preserved and enhanced for future generations. Orange's Vision for the Future is described in the General Plan Introduction. The Vision recognizes that the City's quality of life will be judged by how well we connect with our surroundings. Therefore, this Element focuses on how Orange can maintain and create special places that bring us together, and how the City can reinforce connections between open spaces and the community, so that all of our residents and visitors can share and enjoy the outdoors and other activities. The Vision includes the following objectives related to Orange's natural resources: Define neighborhoods through the use of open space areas and a trail system that provides a source of aesthetic beauty and recreational opportunities. These open space areas support a healthy and active community. Continue to protect our critical watersheds, such as Santiago Creek, and other significant natural and open space resources. Strive to build a comprehensive system of parks, open space, equestrian areas, scenic resources, and undeveloped natural areas, as well as a full array of recreational, educational, and cultural offerings such as sports, entertainment areas, and play facilities. Develop a connected multi -modal network for traveling from one end of town to the other that provides the option for residents from different neighborhoods to access parks, open spaces, and scenic areas by vehicle, transit, foot, bicycle or, where appropriate, by horse. I (The natural resources, open space, and parks and recreational facilities described throughout this Element are key physical components that are essential to the quality of life in Orange. ORANGE GENERAL, PLAN NR -1 NATURAL RESOURCES These facilities provide a variety of benefits. For example, open space provides recreational areas and wilderness areas. Urban parks provide relief and offer a soothing contrast to office, commercial, and residential areas. They provide for both active and passive recreational activities, and are key contributors to neighborhood identity and interaction. Trails and bicycle paths offer non - motorized alternatives for getting around the City. In addition, modern day recreational and visual connections to the Santa Ana River and Santiago Creek are reminders of our Native American and agricultural heritage. Orange's General Plan combines two state - required General Plan elements — Open Space and Conservation — into a single Natural Resources Element. In addition to meeting other open space and conservation requirements, the Natural Resources Element also provides guidance regarding strategies for reducing urban runoff, maintaining water quality, preserving air quality and combating climate change within the City. Purpose of the Natural Resources Element The Natural Resources Element satisfies State requirements for the Open Space and Conservation Elements as stated in the Government Code Section 653o2(d) and Section 653o1(e). The goals and policies regarding nature conservation must adhere to the underlying intent of the Natural Communities Conservation Plan (NCCP). The Natural Resources Element also includes an optional Parks and Recreation Element, under provisions of General Plan law, which includes designation of parks and recreation facilities to meet the requirements of the state's Quimby Act imposed on cities and counties. The Quimby Act allows the City to collect exactions, in the form of impact fees, conservation easements, or park improvement fees from developers by demonstrating a close relationship between the park demands of a project and the need for additional parkland or recreational facilities. The purpose of the Natural Resources Element is to establish programs and policies for: (i) preservation and use of open space; (2) renewable and non - renewable nature conservation; and, (3) parks and recreation. The scope of the Natural Resources Element spans areas of land and water used for open -space uses such as: preservation of renewable and non - renewable natural resources; managed production of resources, such as energy and groundwater supply; outdoor recreation; and trail- oriented recreational use. Scope and Content of the Natural Resources Element The Natural Resources Element contains goals and policies that reflect the community's intent to preserve and efficiently operate programs associated with open spaces, natural resources, and recreational spaces. The Element is divided into three sections: i) Introduction 2) Issues, Goals, and Policies 3) Natural Resource Plans The Issues, Goals, and Policies section identifies community open space, resource management, and recreational needs. This section also identifies goals and policies related to various natural resource issues. Goals are broad statements that reflect the City's desires and guide the City regarding these issues. The policies provide directions for preserving open ORANGE GENERAL PLAN NR- 2 34. NATURAL RESOURCES space, improving parks and recreation, and conserving natural resources. Implementation measures designed to promote achievement of goals and policies are provided in an Appendix to the General Plan. Relationship to Other General Plan Elements Successful achievement of the goals and policies within the Natural Resources Element depends, in part, upon their consistency with those of the other Elements in the General Plan. The Natural Resources Element most closely relates to the Land Use, Circulation & Mobility, Housing, Public Safety, and Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation Elements. The Land Use Element identifies desired future uses for all lands within the City. Such uses include parks, recreational facilities, and public and privately owned open spaces to meet the needs of existing and future generations. The goals and policies of the Land Use Element assign location, intensity of use, and unit densities to properties that influence the contents of the Natural Resources Element. In addition, the Land Use Element provides for Transfer of Development Rights strategies that may increase the availability of future open space resources described in the Natural Resources Element. The goals and policies of the Circulation & Mobility Element identify, and ensure access to, open spaces and recreational areas requiring access. The Circulation & Mobility Element assigns the location of streets and trail systems for pedestrians, bicyclists, and equestrians in open spaces. The Public Safety Element provides goals and policies addressing public health and safetio the City,°including open space lands such as parks, trails, lakes, and wildland areas. Pub "°health issues include natural and man -made hazards in open space. The Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation Element is a companion element to the Natural Resources Element, and provides policies and programs related to conservation of historic and cultural resources within Orange's planning area. ISSUES, GOALS AND POLICIES The goals, policies, and implementation programs of the Natural Resources Element address seven issues: (1) preserving and expanding open space resources; (2) protecting air, water, energy, and land resources; (3) reducing greenhouse gas emissions and adapting to effects of climate change; (4) preserving significant ecological, biological, and mineral resources; (5) providing and expanding recreational facilities and programs; (6) creating a comprehensive trails network; and (7) preserving visual and aesthetic resources. Open Space Resources Open space areas are important biological, aesthetic, and recreational resources. They become increasingly valuable as the City develops and the landscape becomes more urbanized. Open spaces create buffers to development and provide both wildlife habitat and recreational opportunities. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN NR -3 NATURAL RESOURCES GOAL to:Provide recreational use, scenic enjoyment, and the protection of natural resources and features in open space areas. Policy 1.1:Conserve open space through various public - private funding mechanisms and management strategies including, but not limited to, conservation easements. Policy 1.2:Actively seek out new public open space opportunities through land recycling. Policy 1.3:Promote development of additional open spaces and access points adjacent to waterways and planned trails. Air, Water, and Energy Resources Orange lies within the heart of north - central Orange County, where the best qualities of Southern California living continue to attract new residents every year. Clean water and air, carefully managed land resources, and an efficient circulation network are critical elements of a healthy, sustainable City and watersheds. Orange will maintain and protect these resources through a range of measures to protect public health and quality of life. GOAL 2.0:Protect air, water, and energy resources from pollution and overuse. Policy 2.1:Cooperate with the South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) and other regional agencies to implement and enforce r.gional air quality management plans. Policy 2.2:Support alternative transportation modes, alternative technologies, and bicycle- and pedestrian - friendly neighborhoods to reduce emissions related to vehicular travel. Policy 2.3:Reduce the amount of water used for landscaping through the use of native and drought- tolerant plants, proper soil preparation, and efficient irrigation systems as parks and other City facilities are built or renovated. Policy 2.4:Encourage the production, distribution, and use of recycled and reclaimed water for landscaping projects, while maintaining urban runoff water quality objectives. Policy 2.5:Continue to work toward local and regional waste - reduction and diversion/ recycling goals and promote public education programs. Policy 2.6:Encourage sustainable building and site designs for new construction and renovation projects. Policy 2.7:Coordinate with energy suppliers to ensure adequate energy supplies to meet community needs, and to promote energy conservation and public education programs for that purpose. Policy 2.8:Encourage development that incorporates pedestrian- and transit - oriented design and landscape elements. Policy 2.9:Promote City operations as a model for energy efficiency and green building. Policy 2.10: Work toward replacing existing City vehicles with ultra low or zero emission vehicles. At a minimum, new City vehicles shall be low emission vehicles as ORANGE GENERAL PLAN NR- 4 Airommormir. 11••• NATURAL RESOURCES defined by the California Air Resources Board, except if certain vehicle types are not available in the marketplace. Public safety vehicles are exempted from this requirement. Policy 2.11: Protect the ecological integrity and overall health of Orange's watersheds. Policy 2.12: Cooperate with water supply agencies to protect the quantity and quality of local groundwater supplies. Policy 2.13: Control surface runoff water discharges into the stormwater conveyance system to comply with the City's National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Municipal Permit and other regional permits issued by the Santa Ana Regional Water Quality Control Board. Policy 2.14: Reduce pollutant runoff from new development by requiring use of the most low development impact practices and effective Best Management Practices BMPs) currently available. Policy 2.15: Minimize the amount of impervious surfaces and associated urban runoff pollutants in new development and significant redevelopment throughout the community. Policy 2.16: Protect in- stream habitat and natural stream and channel features. Policy 2.17: Educate City residents and businesses on the effects of urban runoff, and water and energy conservation strategies. Climate Change The scientific community believes that increasing levels of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the earth's atmosphere are contributing to rising global average temperatures. The most abundant GHG is carbon dioxide (CO which is a byproduct of fossil fuel combustion. CO is removed from the atmosphere through sequestration by vegetation and dissolution into the ocean. Carbon sequestration is the absorption or removal from the air of carbon dioxide by plants or natural processes. These sequestration processes happen naturally, but human - generated emissions may be outpacing these removal processes, resulting in excessive GHG concentrations accumulating in the atmosphere, and leading to a subsequent trend of unnatural global warming. GOAL 3.o:Prepare for and adapt to the effects of climate change and promote practices that decrease the City's contribution to climate change. Policy 3.1:Evaluate the potential effects of climate change on the City's human and natural systems and prepare strategies that allow the City to appropriately respond and adapt. Policy 3.2:Develop and adopt a comprehensive strategy to reduce greenhouse gasses GHGs) within Orange by at least 15 percent from current levels by 2020. Ecological, Biological and Mineral Resources Q Wildlife habitat is crucial for the survival of native animal and plant species, and for maintaining the biodiversity of the City and larger Orange County region. Significant wildlife ORANGE GENERAL PLAN NR -5 NATURAL RESOURCES habitat can be found in the City's undeveloped hillside areas, East Orange, and parks and open spaces (particularly near Santiago Creek, Santiago Oaks Regional Park, Irvine Regional Park, and Peters Canyon Regional Park). Human - created landscaping is also an important environmental element, particularly in urban areas. Landscaping elements such as street trees contribute to an improved aesthetic and biological environment while providing a natural means of cleansing the air and minimizing urban heat. Sand and gravel resources in the planning area provide valuable sources of aggregate material for new construction. These resources benefit the region as a whole. In accordance with guidelines established by the State Mining and Geology Board, City policy recognizes the need to protect these resources from premature urbanization. The following goals and policies reflect the City's desire to maintain and support prudent management of these important environmental resources. GOAL 4.o:Conserve and protect wildlife habitat, plant and animal species of concern, and general biodiversity. Policy 4.1:Preserve and protect native and habitat - supporting plant resources throughout the City. Policy 4.2:Work with agencies, including the Orange County Flood Control District, to identify opportunities to enhance the natural qualities of Santiago Creek to protect habitat and reintroduce native plants and animals. Policy 4.3:Reduce the impact of urban development on important ecological and biological resources. Policy 4.4:Repair or improve ecological and biological conditions in the urban and natural environments when reviewing proposals for site development and redevelopment, as well as public improvements. Policy 4.5:Protect the Santiago Creek and Santa Ana River corridors from premature urbanization to ensure the continued availability of important sand and gravel, flood control, water recharge, biological, and open space resources. Recreational Facilities and Programs The City's active and passive recreational resources consist of designated parks, trails, and open space areas. Continued provision of recreational opportunities through preservation of open space, park maintenance and development, and the creation of new facilities will ensure improved quality of life for residents. GOAL 5.o:Provide recreational facilities and programs that adequately serve the needs of residents. Policy 5.1:Maintain existing City parks at levels that provide maximum recreational benefit to City residents. Policy 5.2:Provide a range of high quality recreational facilities and programming to serve a broad cross section of residents, including youth, seniors, young adults, mature adults, and people with disabilities. ne ORANGE GENERAL PLAN NR- 6 Nimmumning ssimm••=1,11/V NATURAL RESOURCES CPolicy 5.3:Establish joint recreational use of open space land and facilities owned by school districts and /or the City. Policy 5.4:Develop new public parks and open space resources by establishing incentives to use creative techniques available to property owners and developers that support public - private open space partnerships. Policy 5.5:Explore and pursue new approaches to new park development and to providing a balanced mix of amenities and facilities. Policy 5.6:Identify areas within the City that are currently underserved by existing open space, and develop programs to purchase land and build park amenities at a minimum level of 3 acres per 1,000 persons and the goal of 5 acres per 1,000 persons. Support provision of a total of 10 acres of parkland per 1,000 persons, inclusive of County regional parks within the planning area. Policy 5.7:Consider the use of Transfer of Development Rights (TDR) as a means to acquire and develop more publicly accessible open space. Comprehensive Trails Network Trails within the City serve important recreational and transportation needs, but are currently disconnected and in some areas incomplete. The Santiago Creek corridor has been recognized as a potential spine for a City -wide network of multi -use trails that connect parks, open spaces, recreational facilities, and other City amenities. Other opportunities to improve trail networks may include the conversion of active and inactive railroad rights -of -way to trails, and joint use of utility easements and flood control rights -of -way for trail purposes. While providing for pedestrian, bicycle, and equestrian circulation, a trails network would also create a valuable greenway system throughout the City and would support the physical health and active lifestyle of Orange residents. GOAL 6.o:Provide for alternative modes of transportation and access to recreational resources through a multi -use trail system that links the City's parks and regional open space amenities. Policy 6.1:Complete multi -use trail links throughout the City that serve recreational and circulation purposes as funding is available. Policy 6.2:Ensure consistent, safe, and efficient maintenance of trails, and minimal impacts to the environment. Policy 6.3:Work with the Rails -to- Trails Conservancy, surrounding residents, utility providers, flood control and water agencies, and community organizations to pursue the joint use of local rights -of -way and easements for multi -use trails. Policy 6.4:Link existing equestrian trails and provide outlets to open space areas, particularly in the northeast region of the City, to reach regional parks such as Santiago Oaks, Irvine, Peters Canyon, and the Cleveland National Forest. Policy 6.5:Ensure that the trail system has a safe interface with existing development. Policy 6.6:Encourage an integrated relationship between trails and developed % Ilihw through the site planning and design of private development and trail projects. ORANGE GENERAL, PLAN NR- 7 errmweM AID. In&.-aMr NATURAL RESOURCES j' Visual and Aesthetic Resources Portions of Orange are characterized by scenic vistas that include hillsides, ridgelines, or open space areas that provide a unifying visual backdrop to the urban environment. These viewsheds" contribute to the City's identity and quality of life. The City will preserve open space areas and view corridors where possible and will encourage landscaping in urban areas to improve boulevards, neighborhoods, and commercial and industrial districts. GOAL 7.o:Protect significant view corridors, open space, and ridgelines within the urban environment. Policy 7.1:Preserve the scenic nature of significant ridgelines visible throughout the community. Policy 7.2:Designate Santiago Canyon Road east of Jamboree Road as a City Scenic Highway to preserve the scenic nature of the open space adjacent to the road. Policy 7.3:Encourage the development of landscaped medians and parkway landscaping along arterial streets in public and private projects, and encourage the state to provide freeway landscaping. Policy 7.4:Coordinate with Southern California Edison and other utilities to place utility lines underground wherever possible. Policy 7.5 Encourage the retention and enhancement of scenic corridors and visual focal points within the community. NATURAL RESOURCE PLANS The Natural Resources Element establishes the City's approach to protecting and enhancing its natural, open space, and recreation resources. The City has established goals and policies to preserve these resources. The following Natural Resource Plans provide an outline for future actions to conserve and improve the natural resources in Orange's planning area. Implementation programs, which describe and detail the City's specific actions, are included in an Appendix to the General Plan. The Natural Resources Element covers a wide Oen range of diverse issues, from the protection of Canpcerv-tiorSpace aPland n water resources to the establishment of recreational trails. In order to focus policy and implementation programs on each specific issue, the Natural Resource Plan is divided into two mini- plans " —a Natural Resource Conservation Natural k`saurec Park and Conservation and Recreation PlanandProtectionPlan, and a Park and Recreation Protection Plan Plan. NATURAL RESOURCE CONSERVATION AND PROTECTION PLAN Before Orange was an incorporated city, people were attracted to the area by its wealth of natural resources —the temperate climate, clean air, abundance of water, variety of plants ORANGE GENERAL PLAN NR— 8 9 NMENNIEL NATURAL RESOURCES and animals, and vast acres of open space, from the alluvial plains below the Santa Ana Mountains to the rolling hills and shaded canyons. People found Orange to be a desirable place to farm, raise a family, and pursue a high quality lifestyle. Population growth in the zoth century transformed Orange from a quiet farming community into a sizable urban city. The sand and gravel resources of the Santa Ana River and Santiago Creek were used to support urban development, first on the flatlands, and then into the hills of east Orange. Growth has been accompanied by a gradual reduction in the quality and quantity of the natural resources which first attracted people to the area. Growth in Orange, as well as throughout the region, has contributed to a decline in air and surface water quality, reduction in local groundwater supplies, and elimination of some open space areas suitable for agricultural production and wildlife habitat. Despite the reduction and loss of some resources, Orange residents have not lost sight of the benefits natural resources provide the community. Clean air and water are vital to ensure the protection of public health and to support wildlife. Plant and wildlife resources enrich the urban setting by providing changes in scenery and environment. They contribute to the biodiversity and ecology of the region. Also, preservation of some open space areas floodplains, steep hillsides) is necessary to protect public safety. Finally, aggregate resources (sand and gravel) provide the community with a source of income and a source of readily available building materials to support new construction and growth in appropriate areas of the community. Open Space Resources Open space lands may be set aside for many purposes, including the provision or preservation of: (1) parks for recreation or wildlife habitat preservation; (2) water resources for groundwater recharge and support of plant and animal habitat; (3) environmental hazard zones for the protection of public safety; and, (4) prominent geologic features and scenic resources for the visual enhancement of the urban environment. As shown in Figure NR - Orange's planning area includes approximately 7,400 acres of open space, which is about one -third of the planning area's total land'area. Open spaces include lands used as City or County parks, ridgelines, and areas designated as Open Space on the Land Use Policy Map. The greatest concentration of open space within the planning area is in the Cleveland National Forest, a portion of which is located within the City's Sphere of Influence. This open space includes several hundred acres in the Peralta Hills area and several hundred acres in the hills south and east of Orange Park Acres, consisting of Santiago Oaks Regional Park, Irvine Regional Park, and Peters Canyon Regional Park. An additional 15,800 acres of open space lies within the City's Sphere of Influence, east of the planning area. The open space areas also include a portion of the 37,000 -acre reserve area established by the Central and Coastal Orange County Natural Communities Conservation Plan /Habitat Conservation Plan (NCCP /HCP). This area encompasses portions of Santiago Hills 11 and east Orange. Additionally, the Irvine Ranch Land Reserve affects the pattern of developable and undevelopable land in the eastern portion of the planning area. The reserve stretches from Weir Canyon near State Route (SR) 91 at the north end of Irvine Ranch, connects with the ORANGE GENERAL PLAN NR- 9 ata: NATURAL RESOURCES Cleveland National Forest along the northeast border of the ranch, continues south to include large regional open space systems in the northern and southern hillsides of the City of Irvine, and extends to the Laguna Coast Wilderness Park and Crystal Cove State Park near Laguna Beach. Conserving current open spaces and creating new open spaces are important concerns. As development pressure increases in the hillside areas east of the City, one key to preserving the quality of life for Orange residents lies in providing open spaces that preserve scenic vistas, provide habitat for wildlife, and maintain the ecological balance of the area. Additionally, because most of Orange's open spaces are located adjacent to the many reservoirs and creeks located within the City, opportunity exists to improve water quality in the region by enhancing and adding open spaces around these reservoirs and creeks. To increase the amount of open space within the City, Orange will work with large landowners to secure open space dedications where feasible. The City will also work with land trusts and non - profit agencies to secure grant funds for acquisition and conservation of open space areas. Where appropriate, this process may include the use of conservation easements, which are voluntary agreements that allow landowners to limit the type or amount of development on their property while retaining private ownership of the land. The easement is signed by the landowner, who is the easement donor, and by a government agency or non - profit organization, which is the party receiving the easement. The landowner continues to privately own and manage the land, and may receive tax advantages for having donated the conservation easement. The government or non - profit accepts the easement with the understanding that it must enforce the terms of the easement in perpetuity. After the easement is signed, it is recorded with the County Clerk and applies to all future owners of the land. Air, Water, and Energy Resources The quality of air, water, energy, and land resources must be preserved, not only for public health, environmental, and economic reasons, but also to improve and maintain the quality of life for Orange residents. All of these resources generate regional issues. Therefore, resolving issues related to air, water, energy and land resources requires the coordinated efforts of many jurisdictions. Collectively, smaller local actions can have wide- reaching impacts. Air Resources Orange has seen steady growth in both population and development over the past decades, which has urbanized a once rural town. The population growth in Orange and surrounding jurisdictions has led to declining air quality in the regional air basin. Orange is located within the South Coast Air Basin, managed by the South Coast Air Quality Management District SCAQMD), which is the regional agency responsible for regulating pollutant emissions in the air basin. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN NR -10 Y•• Y.. Y 0 ,. 7 NIS U \ 19 Yabd 3DNHNO i '' • '• 1g n r• 1 ,, 1 Z 7 4\ .. 4 L. l J I I _ t. s 1 d, :.\ 91 810 d ji: -- _ 0 co a a 4„.„„.„„„,„,,,, Id ( '- g C I 1S 3UHNH1dS3 I .... c.. L.. w , 3dSONd Ell r - - - W I 1 4— C p di 1 S . lU NbH 15% Mal r 1 1 A\. L\ t it n;, I ls NI15U1 W 15 NI 1S 1 I I I Mill 1 %;\ 1 .- 7 ! J.., 15 DUIa9WFD 0 1S a333bH5 U CU a. i 1S 135SH1' J O J : UNHa = 1 o un; ugm J Od I MIIIIIIIIIIr 1 % 11. 3.. is b6 \ Hlb9 v v v C 44 1 .: I S NIFIN 4, 00...°.°4 v c/ En CC L. L..: 41,..„.„., 15 NIF1N C C C. C 1 i w ' 15 330 HV13 11110 A ' 1 W o 2 r 3: \ H 1O1SI 8 GM 303110) 31b15 p I; ) C En i° J - m 7 T U C - O C IS lio • I fir' c d O 1© 1S SIAM fl o C — : f.• fEilN• rtl I C O O N C T . O nl( x' r' r S. r i. i r0 r0 N 1 n a U v 2 4 15 \ 31.\ z . ' i 1 ' I I 4 P: x Ax p „ i lrn;rd 1 F W 1 1 1 ... L ! II I I g t) IIf NATURAL RESOURCES In order to protect and improve air quality at a regional level, the City will continue to cooperate with SCAQMD to implement the Air Quality Management Plan. At a local level, the City will carry out the following programs to help improve regional air quality: Assess project impacts on air quality as part of the environmental review process. Whenever appropriate, environmental review and mitigation measures will be coordinated with SCAQMD. Support efforts to provide public transit, and routes that are user - friendly for bicyclists and pedestrians throughout the City. Support the development of pedestrian - friendly neighborhoods. As described in the Land Use Element, more intensely used commercial and mixed -use areas will be concentrated in identified opportunity areas located throughout the western portion of the City. Centralizing these uses may encourage mass transit to better serve core employment areas. Also, increased business opportunities within the City may reduce the number of area residents commuting greater distances to work (e.g. to downtown Los Angeles or Irvine). Require major employers to institute Transportation Demand Management (TDM) Plans. Such plans establish incentives to encourage employees to carpool, take public transportation, bicycle, walk, or use some means other than private automobiles to get to and from work. Water Resources Water is a resource that must be preserved, not only for public health, environmental, and economic reasons, but also to improve and maintain quality of life. Water quality is most definitely a regional issue. Pollutants entering the hydrologic system are dispersed outward, with the potential to affect all who use the water within the system. Water sources are considered most vulnerable to contamination from industrial activities and /or environments such as chemical processing, petroleum pipelines and storage, gas stations, and sewer collection systems. The local issue of household chemicals entering water sources is also a challenge to water safety. Pollution of urban runoff and stormwater, and threats to the City's water supply arise from improper use of household hazardous materials, such as solvents, fuels, paints, swimming pool chemicals, miscellaneous flammable and corrosive substances, and from improper disposal of household hazardous wastes, including used motor oil. Reliable water supplies are essential to public health, safety, and welfare, and the City tests all water supply sources to assure safety and compliance with all drinking water standards. Ground Water Quality and Supplies Protection of water supply and ground and surface water quality is imperative for the health and quality of life of Orange residents, businesses, and visitors. Between 6o -8o percent of the water supply to the City is drawn from municipal wells drilled into the Santa Ana River Aquifer from the Lower Santa Ana River groundwater basin managed by the Orange County ORANGE GENERAL PLAN NR -13 4 NATURAL RESOURCES r„ Water District (OCWD). The City is a member of this District, which manages the Orange County Groundwater Basin and monitors and maintains ground water quality in the region. Other water sources include surface water runoff into Irvine Lake purchased from the Serrano Water District. The Lower Santa Ana River basin, which extends from San Bernardino County southwest to the Pacific Ocean, underlies the entire western portion of the planning area. The Santa Ana Mountains and foothills form the basin's eastern boundary. The ground water supply is supplemented by imported water purchased through the Metropolitan Water District of Orange County (MWDOC). Figure NR -2 identifies major surface water bodies, waterways, and watershed areas in the planning area. A watershed is the geographic area draining into a river system, ocean, or other body of water through a single outlet and includes receiving waters. Watersheds are usually bordered and separated from other watersheds by mountain ridges or other naturally elevated areas. Three watersheds are located within Orange's corporate boundaries: the Santa Ana River Watershed (Lower Santa Ana River drainage basin), the San Diego Creek Watershed, and the Westminster Watershed (Les Alamitos /East Garden Grove /Bolsa Chica drainage basin). Most of Orange falls within the Santa Ana River Watershed. The southeastern portion of the planning area falls within the San Diego Creek Watershed, and consists primarily of residential communities with scattered neighborhood- serving commercial areas. A small southwestern portion of the planning area falls within the Westminster Watershed. These watersheds are based on the hydrologic areas delineated by the Orange County Flood Control District. Irvine Lake, Villa Park Reservoir, and Peters Canyon Reservoir are artificial lakes constructed to provide water storage and flood control capabilities. All three lakes lie within areas designated for open space uses on the Land Use Policy Map. Villa Park Reservoir and Peters Canyon Reservoir lie within areas designated for public park uses. Therefore, land use policy ensures the preservation of these water resources for both resource conservation and recreation uses. Irvine Lake is planned for continued use as a water reservoir, and such use includes related recreational uses such as fishing, sailing, and boating. Resort and commercial recreation uses on adjacent lands enhance the lake's recreation function. In determining the mix of recreation uses for the lake, the Irvine Ranch Water District and the Serrano Irrigation District recognize the primary use of the lake as an agricultural and domestic water supply reservoir. Desilting activities may continue as a part of the lake's management program to assure sufficient capacity for water storage. The Santa Ana River, which forms the City's western boundary, is the major drainage course for the Santa Ana River basin. The river performs valuable flood control and groundwater recharge functions along its entire route. In recognition of the important role the river plays in providing groundwater recharge areas and adequate flood protection for Orange County, land use policy calls for open space uses along the river. Santiago Creek flows from the Santa Ana Mountains through Orange and empties into the Santa Ana River in the City of Santa Ana. In addition to controlling floodwaters and recharging the groundwater basin, Santiago Creek has become a defining feature of the community, characterized by trails and recreational open space throughout portions of its ORANGE GENERAL. PLAN NR -14 cn t Nrt NI K ` r..,- 1 Lft 1 1 J LN r c T d ! y .'lf ' --. al J l N ' !/ v I viCD G j' Qor lVCC I i' \ r L i Pi I i % ca q i Z \' a r E" 7 - - "_ i-- 1 01133NO9WVI i I a _, r i f 1 Y i • I / J 1 2 ‘ i 1 N. r' 7 s f L r ' lt r, 1. / , r 1 1 e 1-- r- -._ r• J R '' gf . x t I f z 1 1- x i ca is 3avAClasa j . 4 (_, ,, j_.,.. 4., G 1 . 1 - F j l : T 1 I p•`: ,\ i._ l,_r.. I i ce+ - i- 1 1 4'. 0 i yi i i .- - - 1 I 11: 1 v ( 1 NF, 11 II I 11' j-- 4 ii ,+ eV 1s. 1CINVH I ^ I N 15 V9110, 1 L' zz CO t / r 77 IS VII S, I i i 1 ti`; '? i 15 NLLSil1 fl W e i l 14.., 0( 13 rtsQ v Y J u N O Q L U L LS ]` OIN9l1V J l/ 1 a \ v E J5 113iiVHS o v 1w f v3 1S 155V,'_ 1 ru 1s W _ -^" r ` O x ` w nlssv 11v uvva'_ Y i` I 1 Y y ak S— . I r' S RlnLti I I 1 I , , , ,' f-. - V- t I . n FFi- r i r t n r: u p I : 1 I I t I H - V- h- hl - I A • r t > o n , r fl I .- i- +- -. `• n 0iood LLI 777 j s ,(,, , Y 1S VI. \ V1V9 15 VI: \ V1V9 a' 90,(,,,,,..0°y` rte"' vl 7\ vt' l s 15 NNW ( l T h ii. 1 t 1 E e 2 t \ 1 1 1 L._., L__. 1 1` ' 1 5 i U 3. 1V 10151119 r111 1Dl, ltl llt 4 Q al W a n j s-- r • ro 6, T 0 j\ I r . - r . CIO la . 111 r n , a•I r` t T F-` 155L \\ 31 - - - • C • o`, m 5 S o t i t - I tnn F l 0. 3 i .. l i r - t' Y_r 1 d l . J to 2 CC it C1/ 41 1 X} rtwa rNa ^^ H to N N a r A r . r, k rte," i., — a- z _ I" 1 — I a" , eir w NATURAL RESOURCES length within Orange. Community members identify with the creek, and the City seeks to incorporate natural characteristics of Santiago Creek in the design of adjacent future projects. The upper portions of Santiago Creek are characterized by large, abandoned mining pits. In particular, the pits near Bond Street serve valuable groundwater recharge purposes. Land use policy recognizes these uses by designating the creek and several surrounding properties as Open Space or Open Space -Park. Handy Creek is a minor drainage course flowing from Peters Canyon Reservoir to Santiago Creek. Water flows from Peters Canyon Reservoir are channeled through Handy Creek to the recharge basin system at Santiago Creek near Bond Street, where it replaces water pumped from wells and helps maintain levels of groundwater supply for the area. To promote water conservation, the City will encourage all developments to utilize water conservation measures in accordance with the City's Municipal Code, and will encourage sustainability in project site planning and building - design. The City will use native and drought - tolerant plants for landscaping, and will use recycled and reclaimed water for irrigating landscape projects whenever feasible. Reclaimed water is the reuse of treated wastewater, and is usually used for non - drinking purposes. Using recycled or reclaimed water instead of expensive and increasingly scarce potable water helps to ensure the long -term availability of drinking water to Orange residents. Urban Runoff Urban stormwater runoff occurs when rainfall that in a nonurban environment would have been absorbed by groundcover or soil is instead collected by storm drains. In urbanized areas such as Orange, vegetation and top soil have been largely replaced by impervious surfaces such as buildings, roads, sidewalks, and parking lots. When it rains, trash, litter, sift, automotive chemicals, fertilizers, animal wastes and other contaminants are washed into the storm drain system. Since storm drains are designed to carry only stormwater, these drains typically are not equipped with filters or cleaning systems. Consequently, they can carry contaminants found in urban runoff directly into local flood control channels, lakes and the ocean. Many of the contaminants found in this runoff affect water quality and can, at elevated concentration levels, be toxic to aquatic and marine life. National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Local stormwater pollution control measures are implemented in accordance with the 1972 Federal Water Pollution Control Act (Clean Water Act) and the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES). The Clean Water Act prohibits any person from discharging pollutants through a "point source" into a "water of the United States" unless they have a NPDES permit. The NPDES Program, mandated by Congress under the Clean Water Act, is a comprehensive program for addressing the nonagricultural sources of stormwater discharges that adversely affect the quality of the nation's waters. The Program uses the NPDES permitting mechanism to require the implementation of control and monitoring measures designed to prevent harmful pollutants from being washed into local water bodies by stormwater runoff. The NPDES program requires the owner or operator of any facility, including publicly owned facilities, or any person responsible for any activity that discharges waste into the surface waters of the U.S., to obtain an NPDES permit. The Clean Water Act ORANGE GENERAL PLAN NR -17 NATURAL RESOURCES a amendments of 1987 established a framework for regulating stormwater discharges from municipal, industrial, and construction activities under the NPDES program. The Clean Water Act provides that states are authorized to operate their own NPDES programs, provided that such programs meet minimum federal requirements. In California, the NPDES Program is administered by the State Water Resources Control Board and its nine Regional Water Quality Control Boards. The NPDES Municipal Storm Water Permit for northern and central Orange County, including the City of Orange, is issued by the Santa Ana Regional Water Quality Control Board (Region 8). The City of Orange, along with other northern and central Orange County cities, currently operates under Santa Ana Regional Board Order No. R8- 2009 -0030 (NPDES Permit No. CAS 618030) as amended by Order R8- 2010 -0062. The Permit, issued in May 2009 and amended in October 2010, requires the City of Orange to minimize short- and long -term impacts on receiving water quality from stormwater and non - stormwater discharges associated with new development and significant redevelopment to implement low impact development practices (LID) and other onsite retention practices to the maximum extent practicable. As part of the NPDES permit program, Orange adopted a Local Implementation Plan in 2003, which was revised and readopted in September 2011 to conform to the May 2008 permit. The City will require all new development and modifications to existing development to use LID and_Best Management Practices (BMPs) to reduce stormwater runoff and increase on- site retention. BMPs are effective methods that prevent and control the amount of pollutants entering the storm drain system, where pollutants eventually enter the surface water system. These practices closely follow federal stormwater requirements and regulations. In addition, the Orange County Model Water Quality Management Plan, adopted in August 2011 provides BMPs for source, structural and treatment control. Source control BMPs include such techniques as site planning and landscaping, and use of pervious pavements. Structural BMPs include providing protection from rain, secondary containment, and other construction BMPs. Treatment control BMPs include natural treatment options such as constructed wetlands and vegetated swales. The City will continue to support implementation of NPDES requirements on new development and significant redevelopment projects. Energy Resources The City will continue to promote energy conservation, both by encouraging conservation measures on the part of homeowners, the business community, and institutions, as well as by encouraging green building techniques for new construction and renovation projects. Green Building Green building concepts can be incorporated into site and building design to reduce energy use within the City as a whole, to improve aesthetics and comfort, and to provide a more cost- effective means of living. According to the U.S. Green Building Council's Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED), seven concepts of green building can help conserve energy and preserve the environment: Location and transportation Sustainable sites ORANGE GENERAL PLAN NR -18 tr a. NATURAL RESOURCES k Water efficiency Energy and atmosphere Materials and resources Indoor environmental quality Innovation and design process Sustainable sites require development designs that work with existing topography, building on previously developed sites, integrating natural surroundings, using existing infrastructure, building on brownfields (sites previously used for industry) through site remediation, and selecting sites near public transportation and diverse land uses. These measures will ultimately help preserve natural habitats, reduce negative effects on water and air quality, and minimize automobile use. Incorporating water efficiency at the time of construction will maximize water conservation through a building's lifetime. Using non - potable water or gray water to irrigate landscaping or using xeriscape (landscaping requiring minimal water usage) to conserve water, installing water- efficient fixtures, and incorporating innovative wastewater technologies and plans will reduce water demand and limit extraction and pollution of groundwater supply. summer sun 1A1I' 1 1. Awning 2. Roof Overhang UJ' J 3. Solar Panels 4. Thermal Mass 5. Insulation0 ` , iidill1111111104i ® I I ''...-?:-:-:. winter sun 6. Skyligh I 7. Nat Ve ntilation 0 O 8. Rainwater Collection Green building incorporates site orientation, window placements, skylights, solar panels, and high insulation to improve indoor comfort and to conserve valuable natural resources. Providing natural ventilation and effective insulation in buildings can reduce energy demand and utility bills. Natural ventilation will allow residents to cool living spaces without relying on air conditioners, and increased building insulation will sustain moderate variations to indoor temperature. Orienting buildings to invite natural Tight or using solar panels will reduce electricity demand. These measures will not only reduce demand for natural resources and minimize effects on climate change, but they will also increase comfort for residents and should encourage street - fronting design using more windows and detailing. Judicious selection of materials and maximizing landscaping in parking lots, rights -of -way, and overall building sites can further provide natural indoor cooling and reduce heat island ORANGE GENERAL PLAN NR -19 NATURAL RESOURCES effects and glare in our urban environment. Choosing natural materials will improve indoor environmental quality by limiting toxic emissions associated with components such as adhesives and formaldehyde often found in building materials. Constant monitoring and innovation in sustainable building design will enhance the aesthetics of the built environment while improving the comfort and health of residents. The City already practices building material waste reduction through its protection of historic building resources. These efforts, combined with construction waste management and efforts to incorporate recycled content and natural materials into new construction, will reduce the amount of waste destined for landfills and conserve non - renewable resources. Climate Change Climate change refers to a change in the state of the climate that persists for an extended period, due to natural processes, human - caused changes in the composition of the atmosphere, or land use changes that lead to atmospheric changes. According to the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) the scientific authority on the subject of climate change, certain findings are widely accepted by the scientific community: Greenhouse gases (GHGs) such as carbon dioxide (CO when introduced into the atmosphere, have a warming effect on the earth; Human activities have increased the levels of GHGs in the atmosphere since pre - industrial times; and Q • The global climate has warmed by an average of 1.0 -1.7 degrees Fahrenheit from 1906 - 2005. Greenhouse gases are gases that trap heat in the atmosphere. GHGs include CO methane, nitrous oxide, and fluorinated gases. The human activities during which these gases are emitted include burning, manufacturing, and transportation - related combustion of fossil fuels. Livestock and solid waste emissions also contribute to the buildup of GHGs. The effects of climate change include increased global average temperature, subsequent altered precipitation patterns, thermal expansion of the ocean, and loss of polar and global sea ice extent. In Orange, these changes would translate to water and energy supply issues, increased risk of wildfire and floods, and possible human health complications. Responding to climate Projected California CO2 Emissions change requires a two - pronged approach. On one 800 hand, the City must adapt to Y goo change and prepare for the E vo -,ess already - foreseeable effects N } of global warming that have W 500 already occurred and, on the o" =1990 Levels V other hand, the City must 3 400 AB 32T r get coordinate with agencies, Q g 300 1— 200 1 IPCC 2007; Climate Change zoo7: The Physi EO- S- 3-OSTarget Assessment Report of the IPCC. Cambridge I 100 80% Beiow1990 Levels ESOMWM-1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 Year NR -20 NATURAL RESOURCES residents, and businesses to modify behavior to decrease the citywide contribution to GHG emissions and associated effects on the climate. Greenhouse Gas Emissions The California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006 (AB 32) was created by the state legislature to address the threat global warming poses to the state's "economic well- being, public health, natural resources, and the environment ". The Act directs the California Air Resources Board (ARB) to "adopt a statewide GHG emissions limit equivalent to the statewide GHG emissions levels in 1990 to be achieved by 2020." California Executive Order 03 -05 (EO- S -3 -o5. June 2007) requires statewide GHG emissions to be reduced to a level 8o percent below 1990 levels by 2050. These laws require maintenance of a statewide inventory of emission levels as well as taking action to decrease emission levels. Actions needed to decrease emission levels statewide were documented in a Scoping Plan approved in 2008, and subsequently amended in 2011 and 2014. Senate Bill 375 (2008) requires metropolitan planning organizations (such as the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG)) to include sustainable communities strategies in regional transportation plans for the purpose of reducing GHG emissions from automobiles and light tricks through integrated transportation, housing, and use and environmental planning. In compliance with SB 375, the Orange County Council of Governments (in coordination with the Orange County Transportation Authority) prepared a sub- regional Sustainable Communities Strategy for Orange County (OCSCS), which was incorporated into the Regional Transportation Plan adopted by the SCAG. However, all jurisdictions in California have a responsibility to contribute to this effort with changes in operations, technology, and policies that enable residents and businesses to follow suit. This General Plan provides a comprehensive framework for Orange's approach to climate change and GHG emission reduction. The types of policies that deal with climate change and GHG emission are far ranging. The City has located policies and programs throughout the General Plan that have multiple outcomes. They help the City to achieve a high quality of life for its current and future residents and businesses, reduce the City's contributions to climate change, and help residents and businesses adapt to changing circumstances. State and local governments will play a critical role in addressing this important issue. The OCSCS identifies policies and measures that will minimize GHG emissions at a regional level. However, the City believes that in order to achieve the emission reductions mandated in AB 32 and EO- S -3 -o5, each sector must do its fair share to reduce total emissions, and local action is needed to manage and measure activity within each sector as it relates to land use planning. For this reason the City is establishing a GHG emissions reduction goal of at least 15 percent of current levels by 2020. To achieve this goal, the General Plan advocates primarily compact "infill" future development, focusing on introducing urban -scale mixed -use projects at locations near transportation corridors and transit, and creating additional retail and employment opportunities within the City that increase the range of goods and services available to residents and improve the community's jobs- housing balance. Future "greenfield" development is limited to previously- approved entitlements in east Orange. The General Plan includes a broad spectrum of policies related to climate change. These policies have been integrated throughout the relevant General Plan elements, as detailed in Table NR -1. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN NR -21 NATURAL RESOURCES 4 .omen C0 E a c O 0 v Isc r3 0 5 E y...0 . CL C E o a.)ro Y Ov ro v L r0 a!7 Q ro L V ra a)o L a O i E rO E ro ,0o i.E v T o C no O r0 CU C Y r0 4 Vl ToEoL3 > Ec r ro E o t 4 a E o L L .o 70 o E 0 ' ten O n '-N L O N 0 01 O c E v o u 0 a - o c eu 7 9 ra a'CU CO N E a! 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O c o o L b.° 09 r ~ v vE •C o t0 ' L LVv C C ro L 4 d N n 0 a V v C7 a y v . f ° _o c 0 0 oo o E a !° 7 + C "D c ,a/ •- r vtn +, C a ro - o o CO ro v E c E a o a v o c 0)C0)0)E v o v •c c c E V rabowLCvo c " a, a, c a w •N w GJ v c 0 L E a v a E t 4 cEovyDr0 ,> a L v ° o a v ° a - a o ° oUAOa, O v V ^ E r -' L ., 4, a , v, > O• W C o c Caa, • m 4-• v v, 4 -,v E C c a a v> (0 > 4-. a C 0 a , 4- ho a, 0 d C .7 U C a a, , v N aa, 4- C C a, Y_ ' C, +' O o Q, ° O al i @ a,E a, '° a, a, o 05 O • C 3 a, m> L O •D a ut a, ° O i O .> >. r0 V I E V •o O W 4- •++ W . v C= @ t'')a '++ L a y N° N d a a, o it a, •E a/ a, = al a, a a, in O rn V V c a, r0 •v vi C L ca, ro 0 X > ro r7 L r o o C X v N a L. n co •ov w Dom¢ v i-3x Cd 0 CC CC I 0a -I ¢-, • „ 9 c WI d W ) g , - , N g N L r'r I_ co rn V - Lr, d-' z - N ra V R. 1 ri d " ro r N r'rl WI J 4 4 4 4 J Lr t,l J N lJ rri V .= N w N N rA n r:.. J ,- N VS Z r ,- Li% v,4-' C C O a, EcoTV OVO N Q n v+ 'E cIIVVI r0 L 0 .. NT..- v, v v, bp vs 7 C C v LI v Cu v c n o O E r • aJ 7 Irn ORANGE GENERAL PLAN NR -23 NATURAL RESOURCES al Ti c v c o L 4 ro v V L E E c a, r0 V C OV co r0 a)Ti) V 0. c O C O f0 C c tea)N ro c E m E N o v a) C ro 0 C O m sh a)0 c o E v V N A L al a) V,V C v s,0r0COC•lit :. a ::: 'a N ro a c L o• ro E E ro C S c 0 a)0 o 0 0 4,r c no YO .-C C N 00 7 N 0 N n E V by L E 0 O v tc, C D v c CU 7 N 1- V @ r0 r q.•0 r0 n:, a r0 l7 V 0 T @ r r00 v v E N N v t ro La.a 5 ro E a c co a _0 V v b0 v L y=-C ro 0 0 0 4 a c c EA t L ° 7W0) N a O r0 0 O a)0 D C r0 Y C 4- 0 o E 0 1E c 0 v v a h in a c c 0.3 v a L. c"v a 9 o DI y°E n N o v E v v o a x by o b oa) a)o v o by o 9 c 4. a a -o O > N 4- ti, C YO a)0 C N a N L a) 0 a C - c n o t0 .0 O 4-, v 0 j E 0 ro I-)a v v ro c bpy v o E N o ro L ° L c Y a Y ' > cv ro r E v a ) vOLObyYLv V Y yZC.0 Q . t a a to a 3 O i v C C o.,v Y T O CCUY •al L a) by Y aJ O N v O L O bLA Y r O rLp V CU 0coob0vLroovcc v 0VI 1- t a v L v o a v v a a 0. 0 310 ro 0 0 ro V c c v n O tip c a) . o Nvr0VtF ° Q)N c V + C C O T C v 't ro b.0 O - O C r0 v a/ i a) n C tsi E 0 c E v a v a, 0 a,c c E Q v O. N a., Y v v Y Y C E E E U 0 Q C W . E C r° U 1t1 vl a E : > E v E r0 co h0 v c a 0 4...a/ v v E o cru -0a v a w a w w it) CL v E a v E 4 ° L - a co r v E L. v • ' bD > v ro by > 7 v O in... u rev ( rCO 1-0 a •- 4- 4. V l.) in Y 4 _ ` L 1.,, a) a r0 W `C L c V W L c C r0 7 a) v Rs +-, t F, N cc 0 a a) a) a) Y C a) v O a) C v N o_ sr0 • +_ T , i vL .OL " D cz—°a. cc to— z a ro o co O 3 a — d• 'q r N V- d to 3 N m CO 4 R Q- ro A r0 to LO OL R W to Lll Lll a . N N D j C. rn rA rr1 c C V. Z N Zr J C\ a r C\ V N J l0 O C O o Ei-' C ro 0 Y OU co b0D v V Y V 0C N 261 L)E v O E v v 0 0 w O ro 0 v v N i= A t c W 0 J > O tocin N O 3 N vl ra E t.)1 a)a) a vs OV V W 1 irk`ArrM3S.Aris. B7:zi ORANGE GENERAL PLAN NR -24 n 4. NATURAL RESOURCES i ' c N 0 v E In ro ro v v v, v 7 7 a a v 00 E E L X v u'0 t E o0.0 tn O 7 0 v SCD a v ra ro c c a] c tri, • c C v y a N O ro IP C v O T C a E c ro v u v ca a E a c v o v .0 C o v v E 0 E N 71 v; a n. 7 v a/ L O b0 u O o a/ ro a) 0 Ori , O i v v a E Y 0 ra , 0 7 v,a/CL v 7 f0 C C 7 VI L v a o >i 7 v C b0 ro ra o E v o E o v E c v, 0L ra v v rCa o o a c c v N u 0 o v v +, c v E c r a c s v v v L V r0 r0 >° v p c aj O p L v L +,L Q E v v >, 7 v L CU 0. 0 o • 3 -E u, ro 0 c o ro ra c rou1ashO ± 0 O v vi ro v a v a v v L +' ° .) - o v v c + 7 VT. E f c L N CI.C C c a) Q • .L 0)i 0 uO v V 7 r r0 p v ut O 4-V y --.CO f0 4 -.. n L +, c u C 7 A O O a) a/ 0 u to 0. 2 0,-by to C i 4-- ro v O L Y °E 00 0 E 0 7 V o E°av °vc E 0 o a+/ o vro of r0 Cl L -r0 v V Z GJ o ro _ IV c - ° v r r E v v a; o 10 0 v OC L c v o N Le,c vl c o c v CU CD 7 ro E v 110 o c b0 c E ro v rEoTO B u ro t vl a - 0 a v rn v 0 v vi 7, c ya/v a/ 0) CMICCCvNnot70vv - 0 0 a) 7 a/ p n CVI- r0 c ` ° a v io ro , uO 110 > a v > 0 E c s.- ro li To ro cu v 7 a - 0 c b0 v 0 a/ a/ 0 a) 0 al C a/ r0 C C 7 O U b0 To C b9 C y., +, E N E .. CL '+, ra tti 1,3 C al r0 +., 1-- O 6. C ate + a/y r0 a) a) a) L al V CU C ° ro E 0 al E +, 7 p v . ra r0 0 v O al v al - 0 a) 0. ++ O C C a u mUjWroLOro v, > O c ry a/ •v V i ii • N W V Li ut C r0 a) r0 C> VV, + vL , a C L) a ; C _ d v -c d co 121 o 0 i I- v y ,*'L„ d ra CD . N E v EL v to 73 v v-0 v 0 4 >, _ C a v C O v v o *' v N L@ 0 (Ts N n +% 0 1100 ., 02$ I- d5 v 1 p_ 02$ V .v7v W a/ 0) i V i v W E U C L al v a) .0 2 a) N 0 c. 0 N TA C v, N8OQ) r0 7 r0 0 .— 7 v to ac - `n cc ice, to OC E O L O Lbn a) > O v, > D cCC i a_ (2_-) m N v OL D 7 v0i + a ut E ra ro + RI u N v m N C: C .. 7 i0 °- W CC CC d L 3' W h0 . a t// C j Q u C V c ro Q v Q V ra - -N M d" .-r co ( w d d' A N. ,_ es so ra N L rr L d ,-- N J ,O Z N d" d' J- d- 4 J 15 C rr\ 4 Z N CL Z N 4 Z N V rn U D N U rn A v To O N O a/ E ra c L 7 c E v IDA I- E to 7 v v o bA v 0 0 4- v, o E vs v o bbD ° c u v E 0° o E - 0 v C L a) 7 0 — v N Y a a +, L 2 0. W .1 , d W v CC v 0 In ° V x v L. V v to Cli Q1 cO W tngn LL/7 D m L 0 a) V v c cro c L v w l7 cC f- ORANGE GENERAL PLAN NR - 44iglialialk 1.440 NATURAL RESOURCES 1W'AMR E o 0O v no 2 Q N 0N E C L ro ra O Li-)vi 0 a, a Q/N TO a/ °_V E Y a, to v X ' Vs E v'0 vi o v c v Y ro tio 120 c VI v v o Vl ' N 0 0 U Y c O a E o b.0 w al 0 Y v' r0ro E d N E p EEuo v v E N Y ra E Y E o T E 0 E .—^v ro Y —u ro CI) M 00 N Y ` L ° 1 I v 00 in 7 E E co r E +v Y a'c o c oInv-L v o o - id t ro t vi O.) 0 0 0 aE .o uo 0 s n. E ra Lo 3 :aU r ' 3 0 0 M° '^ -0 a E E c a) a Eiii p ro v- vi 'n a,ra E d o ° a v v n o o c N o E Lel _ N a. o L v 1 0 C-• o v o 0 v- VI a1 L L E Y E CU UunForvvv °c 0 v, O v O E E L r E d v r° 0 La O 4 -, d j - ' N bo > i 0 a) O >L o 4-,0. bo v E c cu e fp N Cl.)N F- d v' N N N C Yr' (ra C 0 a Y b ro o E??v ` a >' v c Y v H r 0 V L o CU ,. ui cu v v f° S L E 0 m= L', v ul v E L'U r-°o 1:10 V 9 C 4'' -' C ' V >. 4 ra d L . aJ to Y v' CU Y Y E 0 N a j U al C yam.. v L V U L U . a 0 co al E N X v E Y v 7 v v 4 0 c o v u 't •°-tr 0 ro E E a , C T fl v o12 v • a ro v y Eo o E o Y . o 0 c o V a L v a, v 0 v ro . ° v v v '— ai c v c a CU - o EUl 444 C U ro > 0 Y . > ° 4- 6 ra L 0 y ra 7 Y a J 0 L a) u + o E c o v ai i I- Y E 0 w Y v' ra 4. v OD uJ U O E a1 ra E L ravv7Ea/ tn VI 4.4 MI ra W 6 C N E y 7? L w U f0 O V> H @ _c O o E V •O m V CC y ' . V.:' b N E ry s i N L ra @ L O ra L N U ra 7 O 7 ra N ra N a+ it N v 0 H 2 7 a U L [L n. ° < < 5 2 U o.. In H v in cc incu u< ra o- A lO 1"-.L .4- :. > N d L4 O r- f Ya N cr\ Ill lO j • • 7 N r - O rn 2 f , N lP J N N ro Cr' .= d' E 4 4 4 4- 4- Z l0 vO vO vO vO n. c , 01 ci. Z l7 E A V 0 . 0t.- E N O O L Y F- o tO0 E n- O c O ro Z VI 0) 3 tilcn ORANGE GENERAL PLAN NR -26 NATURAL RESOURCES To"v 0 0 C v 0 0 O Q O ro N v 4. C 0 vs vs o al v E bo v E E to u N 4. v to j C ro C ro o C v v a N 0-,a 0-,ra f ro o N a, u o E c v a v vs u v v ra OL v r a r*a0utoVC7- 0 ro aJ C v C C v C a C N E b0 N O V n- 0 ro a aJ ro in v vs Cs a O ro v v v p n ro vn _ c aJ s-C T C N y C ro 4-, L 9 ro v C 0 us 0 E rr 3 r 0 to T 7 5 h0 E ro o to p C ro ro D t 0 c c r o v vs . vs aJ in V ro v v r ro v 3 o v r a v In E E y a oCVNO Di C) to @ v ro LA ro 0. c o v v ro c T 0 - 1 c 0caJL C. 0 v n- ro c c v a v 0 b 0 vs Gl OD o v L 4-, v t v v c 0 rof0 + v o ro E in 0 E .> o a0rcvEvc0)v ill +L c bo 0 U v'r°c 0 a L roro 3 v o Q. ha v '^v I- ` v V vs c v, >,o rca +2 0 ' DA vs CI)C 0 C 0 C >.ro E aJ L_ r ,0 d i y aJ ro a N v N v 0za!4-E i o v o ro v.:Y o c o J a N 0. a. y v c oa y v..,nJ i LI E E r°o .>o bA a,c o v c p v v a E c ro ro 0 u 0 , a .' f0 C o v c c v u T P o r v r o s o v ro 4- ro a c s a ro V c_c C ° c x c . ° - 30 a c ° r' 0 rµ° a ° —AO v 0 a c CU fU + C O. ro v E v bo v, 'n aJ no d N r o v Q.a E 1Lo 4 ,E L. E o F E -° E + 0) c '0 E _ .> E 0 c c v rco v v 0 v fa C1) . 0 al v aJ C a) TToo aJ N w V aJ 0 -°v- a7 +a CU ro L w o or c' w 0) > r a C c tn v c> a c a , 1J a a, -c V c v v c v c c u c E a o aJ W aJ +' w °; * ro 0 w bowvuvwoo0dxroC 'p C a t: E E > E E a Ii t' Eo va vc co0_aro in 0 o v o v v by o v E v a +, c w o i s L v o L dS .F c> c c> c ' a T v o2$c b.0 co c o c f c a r c ro cu aJ ' rp ro v ro fa ° . 7 a rn aJ 0 n , to °C1- n ra 0 0 o o > o f0 v E o o o v v 0) t. 4' '*= r +- a 0 0 0'ro ' o L v is 0- a m r v To >> za a 3 vim I— az m EVI 0w'v i ^ 2 bs Vl = 2 d -. N ro n 61 2 d- N c fo N ro N fa fr\ U N V a- N-0 V N V J LA L(1 U ,- V ,- N C r Z N N n'1 +.' Zr Z N C aJ aJ C uC u 0 no C ro c D CO Cc'0 v aC v E Q o v 0 c v" I— o E c s o vt v bo v, n v N u v c u f0 ` v 0 E'c-a L 0 v v 000 ro ro v o ° c a) E r° I - 4-vt H C ra eC v V 0 L Ca1 C N CL) 0 7 ro c C 0 4 E a vs c L y CO L ro H Q ORANGE GENERAL PLAN NR -27 oviimmonisorNATURALRESOURCES v,_..C o, 0 c c E 1:1 E o a -( ii v-,E CV v b0 C v C C7,5 Y N O v r j O r 0. V n O 41 V 5 C 0 i d 0 13715 CV O r0 a1 4J C C O v-0 o v 0 U O Nvi v, r 4 U vi C v c T c 0 o v u C C v v, ro p v C P.a a1 L aJ C ro v v C v v v a C • m +-,o CU ut Lo C cu y- C L v L N u O =L y 0 C 4-' C al aJ O o ro U E a1 u a o VL •- VI a ut a 7 O o f E b a CU o Lo E E c L ro 0 u o 3 N 7 ro u o - p c o o ° (iv a °' o a v i v C cuCD r o N ho N O . v v E v T E b CpfCV L N 7 L + O E u u 4l o V bA N aL ro v s- VO c v o O O Z c ro o o 0 L 5 m a CU ro L V b0 s CU o L + 0 0 v C S E v L O v- mtO -, - c ro n • •r - n 0 vl v o 'v c v I— f0 v r9 L E v v rr, - 0 .E 7 C— O p C f0 6 a' r0 V E C 41 N 4-' V 0 rL0 , D L O V X O h7 O o O C 0 7 0 C ra a,L v 4- C v1 of O aJ c V L c L c o v O v d - 0 j d , O V 4 • o - n o - a 2 0) a y -- cucu v - a v v L o — w '7' 0 v 75 o L v w o rro C w v ro 0 -t.t al a1 C 0 0) 7 aJ a, O o, w o '' o o o . E 0 o v U d 0 v co CL C -o C 7 aJ al L_0 2 bU .", 3 r N O V O ai + L r * 0 > v, N r0 V Y 0 a aJ w a c1) S ` vs V>. u V Z m J coo a 0 cp wcc N fr 1 ..71 ii%4- rr\ d rfl q.: r0 Ln rn d' `r•- N N N N N N N C Z N C N N C N Y o C r0 CO a) u v c la Q bA CO CV c tilv a, I--r a a E b0 rro L QE c 0 2 0"o o a. in v CUL ,JD a/ V o ro a) 4! v 4.' Lo . c vi o a) 0 n v D E a,E Z - o ORANGE GENERAL PLAN NR -28 NATURAL RESOURCES Adaptation Strategies Climate change has been recognized as a threat that could alter social, economic, and ecological conditions in the City. Concentrations of GHGs have dramatically increased in the atmosphere due to the use of fossil fuel -based energy sources. Additionally, the earth's capacity to capture and store GHGs has been reduced due to extensive deforestation and the conversion of grasslands and other carbon rich natural communities, as well as saturation of the ocean with dissolved CO Rigorous scientific analysis conducted by the IPCC, the National Research Council of the National Academies, and other agencies indicates that increased concentrations of GHGs have already begun to result in significant warming, and will lead to changes in precipitation patterns, sea level rise, and more frequent extreme weather events. Other effects could include constrained water and energy availability, more frequent flooding, health impacts related to increases in vector borne diseases, air pollution, and habitat loss. Wildfire Hazards Research conducted at the U.S. Department of Energy's Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory indicates that climate change will increase the frequency and size of wildfires in California. Hotter, drier climates, aided by prolonged drought, will promote increased accumulation of fire - prone vegetation. When fires occur, stronger winds will continue to fan the flames, spreading fires faster and farther than previously experienced. This will expand the size of the urban - wildland interface, because more residential communities will be within reach of wildfire activity. An expanded urban- wildland interface will require increased resources, planning, and funding to maintain and defend. Adaptability is important in considering how the City can protect its citizens from the negative effects of climate change. In terms of fire protection, The City will continue to adapt by regularly updating fire protection requirements, especially in transition areas between developed and undeveloped land, and by enforcing the strongest construction and design standards. Additionally, the City will work to preserve open space where significant hazards exist. Flooding The California Climate Change Center, a research arm of the California Energy Commission, has found that climate change will result in new flooding concerns throughout California. Climate change will result in increased severity of winter storms, particularly in El Nino years. Such weather events will result in higher levels of seasonal flooding than those currently experienced. This will strain dam capacity and increase floodplain areas. Policies regarding flood protection under Goal PS -2 (in the Public Safety Element) will help the City deal with existing and increased potential for flooding. The City will continue to work with the Orange County Hazard Mitigation Task Force in its planning and implementation of the Hazard Mitigation Plan, and will update its Emergency Operations Plan to identify and fund flood control improvements regularly. Public facilities must be flood - proofed, and buildings in floodplains must adhere to construction standards. The City will continue to require flood /storm control facilities for proposed development and redevelopment projects, and upgrade street storm drains to deal with potential flooding hazards. These programs not only take into account the potential flood events now, but are adaptable enough to account for a potential increase. Wi z-.aR. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN NR -29 NATURAL RESOURCES 4t Water Supply Several recent studies have shown that existing water supply systems are sensitive to climate change; however, experts are uncertain about what the overall effects will be on water supply. Some models indicate that drier conditions will cause decreased reservoir supplies and river flows. Other models predict wetter conditions with increased reservoir inflows and storage, and increased river flows. Although there is some uncertainty, it is widely accepted that changes in water supply will occur and that water yields from reservoirs are expected to be unreliable. Whether or not climate change is responsible, Orange must prepare for a future where competition for water resources is even greater than at the present time. Many of the policies and programs governing water resources under Goal NR-2 will serve to prepare the City for the possible consequences of climate change on water supply. Such policies include protecting groundwater supplies, using native or drought - tolerant plants in landscaping, using recycled water in irrigation, and promoting other water conservation efforts. Climate Action Plan Primary among the City's climate change planning efforts is the development and adoption of the City of Orange Climate Action Plan (CAP), as outlined in the General Plan Implementation Program Appendix. The City will develop and adopt the CAP by December 31, 2012. The CAP will address both GHG emissions from activity within Orange (residential, commercial, industrial, and transportation sectors) and the emissions specifically from City government operations. The plan will first create a GHG emissions inventory for the base year and forecast GHG emissions for the year 2020. The Plan will determine the quantity of emissions to be reduced to meet the GHG reduction target of 15 percent below current levels by 2020. Together, the policies contained in the General Plan and additional GHG reduction measures to be developed as part of the CAP will allow Orange to respond to this critical issue. Achieving the targeted GHG reductions and successful adaptation to the effects of climate change will demand genuine and significant effort from civic leaders, residents, and businesses. Ecological, Biological and Mineral Resources In order to ensure preservation of plant and wildlife resources, some land must be protected from development to provide areas for native plants and wildlife to thrive. Additionally, many significant mineral resources are present within the City. The following sections describe the City's approaches to conservation of ecological, biological, and mineral resources. Ecological and Biological Resources Though a large part of Orange consists of urbanized areas that generally have low habitat value for wildlife, a significant amount of land in east Orange, Santiago Oaks Regional Park, and Peters Canyon Regional Park is set aside as open space, which includes the Irvine Ranch Land Reserve IRLR) and the Nature Reserve of Orange County (NROC) established by the Central /Coastal Orange County NCCP. These areas contain valuable ecological and biological resources. Important vegetation communities located in these areas include coastal sage scrub, woodlands, grasslands, chaparral, and riparian habitat. Characteristic vegetation species associated with scrub habitat include coastal sage brush and various species of sage and ORANGE GENERAL PLAN NR -30 NATURAL RESOURCES f buckwheat. Woodland communities are multilayered, non - riparian, with tree canopies that have 20 to 8o percent tree cover. Local grassland communities consist of native bunchgrasses and non - native annual grasses. Chaparral communities are characterized by sclerophyllus shrubs. Species found in riparian habitats are associated with and dependent upon bodies of water, such as streambeds. Sensitive wildlife, fish, amphibian, and reptile species in these Orange habitats include Santa Ana speckled dace, Western spadefoot toad, Southern pacific pond turtle, banded gecko, horned lizard, orange- throated whiptail, silvery legless lizard, coast patch -nosed snake, mountain kingsnake, two- striped garter snake, and the northern red - diamond rattlesnake. Sensitive bird species include the double- crested cormorant, osprey, white - tailed kite, northern harrier, sharp - shinned hawk, cooper's hawk, Swainson's hawk, Ferruginous hawk, golden eagle, Merlin, American peregrine falcon, prairie falcon, Western burrowing owl, long -eared owl, southwestern willow flycatcher, loggerhead shrike, least Bell's vireo, California horned lark, coastal cactus wren, gnatcatcher, California yellow warbler, yellow- breasted chat, rufous - crowned sparrow, Bell's sage sparrow, grasshopper sparrow, tricolored blackbird, and the black- chinned sparrow. Sensitive mammal species include the pallid bat, pale big -eared bat, California mastiff bat, pocketed free - tailed bat, small- footed myotis, yuma myotis, San Diego black - tailed jackrabbit, dulzura pocket mouse, northwestern San Diego pocket mouse, southern grasshopper mouse, San Diego desert woodrat, American badger, and mountain lion. The City's main approach to conserving the many ecological and biological resources in the planning area is participation in the Orange County NCCP. Orange lies within the Coastal subregion of the Orange County NCCP. In 1996, the County of Orange and participating jurisdictions approved the Central and Coastal Subregion NCCP and an associated Implementation Agreement. Both the City of Orange and The Irvine Company are signatories to this agreement. Three species were designated as "target species" by the NCCP to be used as umbrella species to guide the design of a permanent habitat system within the Central and Coastal Subregion. The three species are the coastal California gnatcatcher, coastal cactus wren, and the orange- throated whiptail lizard, all of which are currently on the federal list of threatened or endangered species. By providing long -term protection for habitat required by the three target species, sufficient coastal sage scrub (CSS) and other habitat would be protected to benefit a much broader range of CSS - related species. The 37,000 -acre NCCP Habitat Reserve area borders the eastern portion of the planning area on the north and south, and includes portions of Santiago Hills II and east Orange. As shown in Figure NR -3, areas designated as NCCP Habitat Reserve include areas surrounding Irvine Lake, Santiago Reservoir, Peters Canyon Reservoir, and along Cannon Street at the "El Modena Open Space Area." Within the Habitat Reserve area, the NCCP restricts the kinds of permitted uses to protect long -term habitat values. Residential, commercial and industrial uses are prohibited, as are new active recreational uses outside already disturbed areas. However, the NCCP recognizes that some new non - habitat uses, particularly involving public infrastructure, will need to be sited in the Reserve area, and that some current uses will be maintained. New recreational facilities will be sited in locations compatible with habitat protection based on the understanding that recreational use is subordinate to habitat protection within the reserve. The Reserve area is administered by the NROC, which includes representatives of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, California Department of Fish and Game, participating landowners, and three public members. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN NR -31 NATURAL RESOURCES y$yg Y * srr Ap'4 r- Implementation of the Reserve policies will protect sensitive plant and wildlife species in accordance with the NCCP. Substantial area is also designated as Non - Reserve Open Space located primarily in the East Orange area. Non - Reserve Open Spaces designate regional .open spaces that were in public ownership prior to adoption he' N CP. A "special linkage area" is also designated along the Southern California Edison corridor that traverses the northern portion of the City and along Santiago Canyon Road in East Orange. These open spaces are not subject to the development requirements associated with the Reserve system, but they are recognized as integral components of the overall subregional conservation strategy. The City's General Plan land use designations in these areas conform to the NCCP in that all areas currently proposed for urban development are areas identified as permitted for development and "take" by the Central /Coastal NCCP. All remaining areas are designated Open Space. Landowners in Orange who have properties within the boundaries of the NCCP Reserve area are classified as either "participating landowners" or "non- participating landowners." Participating landowners have the option to develop their properties without preparing a Habitat Conservation Plan (HCP). The Irvine Company is the City's only participating landowner. The Irvine Company donated the 50,000 -acre Irvine Ranch Land Reserve to the NCCP, and pays for the management of the area as part of the mitigation plan for new development in the easternmost portion of the planning area. Lands located within the Reserve must be "reserved in perpetuity as open space and for recreational purposes." As a participating jurisdiction, the City is responsible for project review for participating landowners. The City is responsible for ensuring that non - participating landowners have paid "in -lieu" fees to the NROC for the native areas that will be removed due to development. In this case, the City is also responsible for coordinating with the NROC to make sure that the development is not in a restricted native open space area. The City will continue to ensure that all development proposals conserve the greatest amount of open space possible. The City is committed to the protection and preservation of plant and wildlife resources, and will ensure the preservation of such resources wherever possible. The City will also encourage the use of native landscape materials in new and renovated project sites. Mineral Resources Mineral resource deposits in Orange are primarily limited to the sand and gravel resources contained in and along the Santa Ana River and Santiago Creek. Sand and gravel resources are referred to collectively as "aggregate." Aggregate is the primary component of Portland cement concrete, a material widely used in the construction industry. The state requires general plan land use policy to recognize the importance of these deposits to the region's economy. As these resource deposits are important to the region's economy, the City will evaluate development proposals within these areas, and ensure adequate mitigation or preservation of the areas for future aggregate mining activity. i k ORANGE GENERAL PLAN NR -32 1 co 3 CU 0 l i w > 1 F L i 4 iii, f . _ r a ry y 1 4 V o N On 7 h. W z M • Bo g, e 2 v" N N )\ N ice • n „, s,, 11 4.2 Ns- k• t It k ' 1 c..,, n ' ON 33NO81NVf ' c3 1 ` SRC. o z L 1 1 i W v , '\ r G U O ff _ Z O, \ l8 INFd 39NFNO A r' 1 g ' _—.. r J No y S T. S Z l m 1 1 I F I 1 0 1 0 11/ 91e 1 it 1 . 1111111111 I Q u , c 15 30F NV1d53 G r = I p., 00. . NII: llr. 11 / 1 4( 4 .(7 ) zC z r L. 3, \ V 1 : 1 ll3d50ad r-- t o N 6` A la 15 . lONb' H 15 b980. 1 I 5 I I 1\\)'( i' lliiiii1111111111 2 15NIISI1 Lrl ., IIIIIIPing lEla I , 1 A Ii. 1. 1 g. \ I Z ` l 15 3001890/ S0 c . 1 1S N3d3bHS Q 135S• 10 3; \ V ONbaO V C' w w+. w pmo a ulwplo uolRur p9 N p 0. 4 F1 LL 15 VL \ blb9 1S tp^ 1 S NNW p 15 N W/ d N 0 U 1 O j -: I J rat. c, Z N s , J in a W Z m \ 1 ! fi 3AV 101518 ....... ,. O\ 18 3' J311015 i C d o 1 i 0 0 1 U 0 ` p T - O Tel C 0 r0 1 1 n Rau ••' sl 1S 5I, 1131 27`. C Dl m L N r ^ a\ Ilen' ss pN a a U v1 2 Im ad i aaN Z f i I I t o 4 36 \ NIV3 UM”' I v I NATURAL RESOURCES The Land Use Element provides a means to protect the aggregate resource areas from premature urbanization. Historically, Orange contributed to the gravel industry, but the City's mineral resources have been mostly exhausted. Over the years, Orange has been characterized by numerous state - designated Mineral Resource Zones (MRZs), which identify the locations of regionally significant aggregate deposits. The MRZs have since been declassified, either as a result of completed mining activity, or as a result of urban development. However, the Land Use Policy Map (in the Land Use Element) designates an area comprising and surrounding the two groundwater recharge pits (Bond Pits) on Santiago Canyon Road within the northeastern portion of the City as a Resource Area for the purpose of conserving mineral resources and allowing mining activities. Additionally, the approximately 18 -acre site of the R.J. Noble Company, which lies within the northwestern unincorporated portion of the planning area, is another Resource Area currently used for aggregate extraction and crushing operations. Portions of Irvine Lake in East Orange that are currently designated as Open Space may be used in the future for desilting activities, with the possibility of aggregate extraction. The Resource Area land use designation allows for only aggregate extraction or recreation uses. Although the Open Space designation does not permit mining, it will protect areas from urbanization, making it possible to mine the areas at some future date if necessary. Areas containing mineral resources protected in this manner include the resource zones at the west end of Lincoln Avenue, areas adjacent to Santiago Creek, and the north, east, and west sides of Irvine Lake in East Orange. The mineral resource areas in East Orange would also require amendment to the NCCP before extraction could occur. Visual and Aesthetic Resources Preservation of ridgelines and steep hillsides is an important objective for the City, for both aesthetic and public safety reasons. To that end, Orange has adopted a hillside grading policy that prohibits grading on ridgelines designated Open Space Ridgeline on the Land Use Policy Map. Wherever hillside grading occurs, the policy requires that graded slopes must be contoured and extensively landscaped with native vegetation or other compatible plant materials. The largely undeveloped Santiago Hills II and East Orange portions of the planning area have many scenic resources that include Irvine Lake, grassy valleys, rugged hillsides, rock outcroppings, and winding canyons. People traveling along Santiago Canyon Road have spectacular views of these abundant scenic resources. These views should be protected while still allowing development to occur. As identified on Figure N R -4, the City will work to designate Santiago Canyon Road as a City Scenic Highway, and will develop standards for appropriate treatment of the roadway and its surroundings. In the more urbanized areas of the City, boulevard landscaping can effectively provide a sense of visual open space. The City will review and strengthen landscaping standards as necessary to provide green areas within commercial and industrial districts, consistent with strategies outlined in the Urban Design Element. The City will also promote provision of street trees on City streets, in accordance with the Street Tree Master Plan. The City of Orange currently has over 22,000 public street trees along residential and arterial streets. The Street Tree Master Plan was adopted in 1999 in an effort to provide guidelines for all future street tree planting projects, as well as for the removal and Z ORANGE GENERAL PLAN NR -35 W NATURAL RESOURCES k II replacementoftreesandshrubsonpublicrights -of -way or streets. An update to the Street Tree Master Plan will be completed to emphasize aesthetics, theme, and maintenance of both trees and sidewalks. The Master Plan update will also consider safety issues posed by street tree debris and roots. The City will also continue to enforce its Street Tree Ordinance and Tree Preservation Ordinance as part of the City of Orange Municipal Code. The Street Tree Ordinance has clear specifications and requirements for the planting, removal and maintenance of trees and shrubs. The Tree Preservation Ordinance provides protection for healthy, mature trees on private property and provides criteria under which trees may be removed. The Street Tree Master Plan, Street Tree Ordinance, and Tree Preservation Ordinance will help preserve and manage the City's urban forest, and maintain the City's Tree City U.S.A. status. To reduce visual clutter along commercial corridors, the City will work with utility providers to identify existing arterial corridors that would benefit from moving overhead utilities underground and improving the placement of utility service boxes, consistent with the City's Utility Undergrounding Master Plan. Undergrounding minimizes unsightly views of utility lines, which are currently prominent in areas such as the Lincoln Avenue corridor. The City will also encourage developers of all new infill projects to include underground utilities. Where placing utilities underground is not feasible, the City will work with utility providers and developers to relocate utilities away from arterial roadways. The City will also update and implement the sign provisions of the Zoning Ordinance to reduce visual clutter caused by signage and improper setbacks. Parks and Recreation Plan rar, nt` t N .7, :.t, Parks and recreation facilities are vital resources for the City. They provide residents with a broad range of health benefits, and the quality of these resources helps attract new residents y and businesses to Orange. The City currently lacks adequate lands designated for public parks and open space to meet the w recreational needs of its residents. Park facilities and recreation programs are essential to the health and economic well -being of Orange residents. The City has made improving its park system and recreational programs a high priority so that all residents can enjoy close access to a playground, a park, or a natural area. The City offers a full range of recreational programs and facilities that are heavily used by people of all ages. This section of the Natural Resources Element establishes long -range strategies and standards for the maintenance of existing park facilities and the development of new parks and recreational programs in Orange. This plan will serve as a basis for future park facilities planning. In addition, the Element identifies standards that apply not only to the development of future parks and facilities, but also to the type and nature of sites and facilities obtained through purchase or dedication, as well as their intended role in the community. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN NR -36 1 CO M i v••` L 6 1 0 • r N. \ N 1 I 1 ob y — 0.' 1 Cl.) r -' 1 • W L CeIL t. t_ \ r tt G : v o S r a,,, i 1t • 0 / I Li: . a 33ao9wtlr iiie • i 11 lti N M 1 N. N N. O ilt I t, NpN S S I._! I pie k il Z. 1:1 i',.:; 1-\-,1- 1 I 1. 40,„, N. 7 1 lt. l 3AV S3M3H 4 I 1 ¢ a Q ¢ g 0i N ~' S30VNV1dS3 1 l I- a p a P ewe. oYfoed uauq i1 x' 16• I 0 / in 1 L . _ 1 1 A I 1 2 - OaVONVM 1 1 1111 H i i I -' • y I s L. . I I to 111 ,` •I 6\, O 1S AOM/ H 1S V9a0A I 1- 1- 3 1 1n IN _ A M r 1S NIlSRl I 15 NU. fll ui U 1 !' I 1 n H a 1 s I I W a o I - 0 = I wN U U N 1 r 1 . ' w Igi is 00I89WVO A R I_ d^ / gyp x f 1- 2 O p 1S a3AAVHS L CO V/ i 1. MI 3AV ONVHO 1 w f y O ' 1S 113SSV10 0 S J - u.. 1 I i I 1 I I it.. P ad slue me4WN uoaBul ng O p edl Y 211 se 1S tllntlltlB nP U s 1S tllAVltl9 Q CL ut CO CZ W to 7 L..... 5 Ili N S ddOHNO3 i 5 Q u W m a N t p 7, c h l o t• p 3ntl lolslae U o m Et OA13 3031100 31V1S O - I N I m w I U 1I o O 1 Z F - • C tE 0) m O i lt 4 O C C to 4. , N 0 d: C NI i 1 c 2 O c6 o m ail oed v iss'" Mfr- r g 0 m 2 c 2 _ O en peRu N 1 O3 = C Nt) O I gurbn p IZ co U U) 1 i N Y Railroad S O pecificR 1 31Aa1Vd Z L I I U union I c W i 11 I 1 4-- k 1 t______ w ti tJ I I o EMENWOMMAINIINSIMENIIIMSW,4-41,14 4 NATURAL RESOURCES a A number of key issues will continue to affect the City's ability to maintain and expand recreation facilities and services in coming years. First, the easternmost portion of the City will continue to experience a substantial amount of residential development. The increased population will require a full range of services, including those related to parks and recreation. These needs are addressed by the parklands provided in the development plan for East Orange. The recreation needs of the older, well established neighborhoods in Orange will also have to be monitored, particularly in Tight of the combined public desire for more parkland and the expanded opportunities for mixed -use residential and commercial development advocated by the Land Use Element Additional issues and concerns that will have a bearing on the future maintenance and development of parks and recreation facilities include the following: Orange will find it increasingly difficult to finance major capital improvements for parks. In addition, obtaining land for new park sites in the western portion of the city is challenging because the amount of undeveloped land is limited, and costs and competing priorities for this land have increased. Orange is presently deficient in improved recreational open space, according to standards established by the National Recreation and Parks Association (NRPA). A number of park sites have been acquired that, when developed, will reduce the gap between the standards and available parkland. Also, school grounds, through joint use agreements with the City, will help to meet parkland needs. Orange maintains and provides a wide range of specialized facilities such as game courts, athletic fields, and community buildings in existing parks. However, additional facilities are needed to meet future demands. A number of easements, including those for flood control, rail lines, and utilities, are located in Orange and present the City with unique opportunities to expand the existing system of trails and bikeways. Recent trends in land use law will make it increasingly difficult for the City to reserve private open space lands for future recreational use. Park Types A Master Plan for the City's park facilities and recreation and community services was completed in November 1999. The Master Plan for Parks Facilities establishes an organized and structured process for the development of new recreation facilities and the renovation of existing City parks and facilities. The Plan also discusses the preservation of open space and the development of new recreational programs. The City maintains three types of park facilities: neighborhood parks, community parks, and special use recreational facilities. Neighborhood Parks (4 to 10 acres) provide for the daily recreation needs of residents in the immediate area. Typical facilities may include landscaped picnic areas, tot lots, hard court areas, multipurpose ball fields, and limited parking. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN NR -39 N montreri ATURAL RESOURCES Community Parks (15 to 4o acres) are larger in scale and provide a greater variety of recreational opportunities and facilities. Six of the community parks (Hart, Grijalva, El Camino Real, El Modena, Handy, and Shaffer) host active organized sports leagues and have lighted sports fields. Special use recreational facilities provide a wide range of activities to serve the community. These facilities include joint -use properties and historic community assets such as Plaza Park, Pitcher Park, and Depot Park and Veterans Memorial. Orange's parks also provide passive recreation opportunities that include walking, hiking, and biking. Most of the parks have picnic sites, many with barbeques. Programs for seniors are available at the Orange Senior Center. The senior program is largely funded by the City and administered by a non - profit organization. Orange also provides a wide variety of recreational programs for all ages. Many of the programs are joint ventures with local nonprofits, commercial vendors or volunteer groups. The most popular activities include swimming and sports. Parks Inventory and Acreage Standards Figure NR -5 shows the locations of City parks and recreation facilities, and Table NR -2 provides a summary of the City's existing parks, recreation and joint -use facilities, future planned City parks, and County regional parks. The City owns and has developed 22 parks, which consist of about 246 acres of parkland, and also enjoys about 19 acres of additional joint -use school /City recreation facilities. Additional parkland is planned in the eastern portion of the planning area. A combination of active and passive neighborhood parks, as well as a sports park, will be developed to serve the new population in East Orange. The City may also consider the use of joint school /park facilities if the option presents itself. The precise location and size of future parks will be defined in conjunction with the approval of specific development plans and as further elaborated on in the future preparation of planned communities or specific plans. Because of proximity in East Orange to the existing or proposed natural and /or active regional parks, along with the extent of scenic open space preserved in the immediate area, the emphasis on park planning should be on active neighborhood or sport park facilities. Table NR -3 presents estimates of the City's current and future ratios of parkland per 1,000 persons. Separate ratios are presented for facilities provided or planned for by the City and those provided or planned for by the County. To calculate the parkland ratio per 1,000 residents, the acreage of currently developed City parks, City open space areas, and joint -use recreation facilities listed in Table NR -2 are combined for a total of about 256 acres. Given the City's estimated 2014 population of 139, 279, this equates to a current ratio of 1.84 acres of current parkland per 1,000 persons, which is notably lower than the National Recreation and Park Association's recommendation of 3 acres per 1,000 population. According to this recommendation, the City has a current park shortage of approximately 162 acres. However, City residents also enjoy access to approximately 1,187 acres of County regional parks. If regional parks are factored into the ORANGE GENERAL PLAN NR -40 RS s a k a) p . v si c 1 i co f' ` r... ti L ob 1 a o Ct s __ J z nil? r Z r , • , r s A or p' o 6. 1 I i f I e. a 33aoewvi P I N _ ca k cx o r C 0 p co 0 U U p O flL— , ui A.• a V r' G / d Z 1 o I I i N V Z ' d • J C d Q z C w ji a) \ u !\, r z N co Ip a 11 OA19 NHVd 30Ntla0 y \ y z O 0 N d 1 1 / rd! a Ea S .° -° p o e • wad I . • r — J — o `_ 1 g f4'o E - o ` Z a) V l m li . 1 J c is ti N 75 CV O ca L I ttU nnbb W p i Ca . 0 W. 1 rc , m S' S3M9F —_ I p a) • 1 1 O 1 f L 2 . — 1. m i 3AV S3M3H N Im ( o d ( a 3 fl I- 1S 30VNHld T - _ _ - id 0 Y of I z O O e ms Pew pe. aype uo Y L — v f6 . e d a J • 3nvji0o1dsoad 2 1_ . T Q c U I I + 1- L - 1 c O . I 1 I L— I aavaNVM w L— ZI • a Z• I I d 0 I 0— I c m p- > • F m r OOes 1S J. a ''• ii IS MICA U a he v CU d f I 1S NIlSftl u 1S NLLSfIl W n' I w a `' a 1S Nasal W 5 1./ i 5 a in. i as a u k 3 a C CO d d 1 . rI a d oya .''_... -, k 1 S OOITJ9WVO 4 0 - Q ( O at Y r oN,0 i w co wq . x w co U 1S a3d3VFIS U A m m CZ I II- il • — N Y I I I d - f+ I — a a ' _ -_- Ail / \ m ] M f•::., i 1S 1l3SSVl0 3AV 0NVH0 a Y Q q U bey_ lu- S A Nub,,,, „ I I I Fa• I- H- - I - H. - I- P ed slue we41 oN 4o16w 0 co pr • .. l 76 43 e I c co f 1 b IS VIAVro9 e Y ton p F J s s - : y E a is Vlnvlv9 n o 11 2 y f a a In "`_ 1S NIVW p E N, S ddOHNO3 1 U g 44 I 0 4 1. I yr 1 A r..- --.._ 17.:” - 4 ' 4 S cp t 3AV 10ISR19 p m m OA19303110031VIS 0 N o g ! Ft 1 s • . c p O c N m c p CD O O N O 1e fa Railroad r . r SI T — - — J b •. C L . . . L o gudin9ton N orthern Sen I N I 0 co U fn ed . I I O Union Peci4a Railro I. • i 1 j 3IAHIVd C 4 ' W . :. i , 1 x N r U I I 1 Q9 co NATURAL RESOURCES 0 Table NR -2 Orange Park System Inventory Date Location Acquired Acres Function for City parks) Belmont Park 4536 E. Via Escola Ave.1 994 2.50 Neighborhood Cerro Villa Park 585o Crest de Ville 1971 26.70 Open space Eisenhower Park 2864 N. Tustin Ave.1969 16.46 Community El Camino Real Park 400 N. Main St.1978 18.67 Community l El Modena Basin Hewes St. & Jordan Ave.1973 7.37 Neighborhood El Modena Park 555 S. Hewes St.1974 9.3 Neighborhood Fred Barrera Park 838o East Serrano Ave.2006 3.00 Neighborhood Grijalva Park at Santiago Creek 368 N. Prospect Ave.2003 37.00 Community Handy Park 2143 E. Oakmont Ave.1978 7.31 Neighborhood l Hart Park 701 S. Glassell St.1934 41.76 Community 12.00 Open space Killefer Park 615 N. Lemon St.195 4.95 Neighborhood 1.62 NeighborhoodLaVetaPark3705E. La Veta Ave.1956 1.00 Open space Olive Park 2841 N. Glassell St.1975 8.02 Neighborhood Pitcher Park 204 5. Cambridge Ave.1992 0.50 Special use Plaza Park Plaza Circle 1886 0.72 Special use Santiago Hills Park 8040 E. White Oak Ridge 1 990 7.95 Neighborhood Serrano Park 2 349 Apache Creek Dr.2004 4.00 Neighborhood Iew Shaffer Park 1930 Shaffer St.1964 7.32 Neighborhood Veterans Memorial at Depot Park 100 N. Atchison St.1887 0.44 Special use Yorba Park 190 S. Yorba St.1962 8.54 Neighborhood Steve Ambriz Memorial Park 610 Riverbend Parkway 2008 10.50 Neighborhood Subtotal Current City Parks 237.65 Fred Kelly Stadium 3920 Spring St.2.00 Joint -use (OUSD) McPherson Athletic Facility*333 5. Prospect Ave.1 997 9.00 Joint -use (OUSD) Santiago Canyon College 8045 E. Chapman Ave.2.58 Joint -use (RSCCD) Subtotal Current Joint -use Agreements 13.58 Irvine Company I East Orange N /A **6.00 Neighborhood Irvine Company II East Orange N /A **3.00 Neighborhood Subtotal Planned Future Parks 9.00 Subtotal City Current and Planned Future Parks and Joint -use Facilities 260.23 Irvine Regional Park East Orange N /A * **477 Regional Park Santiago Oaks Regional Park Northeast Orange NIA***356 Regional Park Peters Canyon Regional Park East Orange NIA***354 Regional Park Subtotal County Regional Parks 1,187 Total Park Acreage 1 Sources: Orange Master Plan for Park Facilities, 1999; Community Services Department staff interview, 2015; Orange County Parks Department, 2007. Notes: Although the McPherson Athletic Facility encompasses 18 acres, the City of Orange only uses the facility half of the time. This results in the designation of 9 acres of joint -use acreage allocation. Planned future parks scheduled for construction. Regional parks not owned by the City. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN NR -43 NATURAL RESOURCES Table NR -3 Park Ratio Calculations Current (2014)Future (post -2o3o) Population: 139,279 Population: 178,471 Ratio (Acres/Ratio (Acres/ 1,000 Acres 1,000 Population)Acres Population) City parks, open spaces and joint -use facilities 251.23 1.80 260.23 1.46 County regional parks 1,187 8.52 1,187 6.65 Total 1 ,443.33 10 .33 1 ,449.33 8.12 Note: Population totals, City park acreages, and resulting ratios are based on the 2007 incorporated City limits. They do not include the City's sphere of influence, where parks are provided and maintained by the County of Orange. parkland ratio, the ratio improves to approximately 10.36 acres of parkland per 1,000 population. If further growth occurs in accordance with policies described in the Land Use Element, Orange's population may increase to approximately 178,471 at some point in time after 2030. Assuming that the planned park improvements in east. Orange (described in T. a).are completed prior to 2030, this would result in a future ratio of 1.46 acres of parkla @ wer1,000 residents. Approximately 275 acres of additional parkland beyond the planned parks in east Orange is required to achieve the recommended ratio of 3 acres per 1,000 population. An additional 632 acres would be required to achieve the desired ratio of 5 acres per 1,000 persons, as stated in General Plan policy. If County regional parks are factored into the ratio, the future ratio would be approximately 8.1 acres of parkland per 1,000 population. Strong demand and immediate need exist for more parks, accessible open spaces, active recreational areas, and well- lit multi -use facilities in Orange. The current shortage of parkland in Orange has caused the City to develop joint -use facilities agreements, specifically with the Orange Unified a School District (OUSD) and Rancho Santiago Community 1:College District. Although joint -use arrangements have been successful, they are sometimes difficult to implement, and result in the City being able to claim only 5o percent of the use or effectiveness of a facility toward its objectives. New Parks and Recreation Facilities Because City residents will benefit from additional parkland and recreation programming, Orange will work actively to acquire, build, and maintain additional parkland and park facilities. Specifically, the City will pursue adding approximately 246 acres of additional parkland beyond the inventory of current and planned facilities listed in Table NR -2, in order to achieve a minimum parkland ratio of 3 acres per 1,000 persons by 2030, working toward a desired ratio of 5 acres per 1,000 persons by 2050. The City will evaluate progress toward achieving this goal in a report to the City Council and community every five years. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN NR -44 4, t•Z NATURAL RESOURCES As a separate, but compatible, objective, the City will work with the County to facilitate the provision of overall parkland, inclusive of both City facilities and County regional parks, at a ratio of 10 acres per 1,000 population. Achieving this objective by 2030 would require acquisition of an additional 303 acres of parkland beyond the inventory listed in Table NR -1, and this additional acreage could be provided by either the City or the County. To support these objectives, the City will require dedication of parkland at a rate of 3 acres per 1,000 anticipated residents or payment of in -lieu fees for new residential projects. Payment of in -lieu fees constitutes sufficient mitigation for parks impacts under California law, and new development projects cannot be required to directly mitigate existing parkland deficiencies. However, the City will utilize fees collected to the fullest extent possible to improve current park facilities and to acquire additional lands for the construction of new parks. To increase incentives for new projects to provide viable, active park space, and to help compensate for current parkland deficiencies, the City will offer a variety of development incentives, including transfer A of development rights TDR) strategies, to Ex .,. developers of residential or mixed -use projects who to provide community open space in 1 •:are willin ti• rapgPYPP excess of the standard 3 acres per 1,000 persons 1 requirement. TDR refers to a method of transferring development rights from one property to another or from one part of a property to another part of the same property. In this context, a TDR would allow for conservation of open space or creation of a new community park at one location, in exchange for increased density or larger building sizes at another location. Furthermore, the City will continue to pursue all available joint -use opportunities with school districts, community college districts, and institutions, including Chapman University, in an effort to increase the utility of spaces throughout the City that are already functioning as open space. In its reviews of mixed -use developments within the focus areas established in the Land Use Element, the City will encourage such developments to include not only required park space but also common open spaces, portions of which may be required to be accessible to the public. Meeting the stated needs for additional recreational open space will also require the City to pursue new types of parks and open spaces, such as pocket parks, linear parks, public plazas and paseos. Provision of these spaces is strongly encouraged by land use policy supporting the development of mixed -use residential and commercial areas in the Land Use Element. The City will also acquire land for, build, and maintain parks currently identified in the Master Plan for Parks Facilities, and will amend the Master Plan on a periodic basis to reflect current conditions. The City's Park, Planning and Development Commission is currently working through the planning stages of several new parks throughout the City, which are identified within the Master Plan for Parks Facilities. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN NR -45 NATURAL RESOURCES k 1 Site Selection Standards for New Parks The City of Orange and areas within the City's sphere of influence have grown considerably in recent decades. While the rate of growth in the future is difficult to predict, thousands of new housing units will be constructed during the next several decades, both in east Orange and within the focus areas established in the Land Use Element. This in turn will require the development of new parks and facilities, and of convenient ways to access them. A major goal of the City's Community Services Department is to make sure that all future park sites obtained through dedications or purchases are adequate in terms of meeting the recreational needs of the City. A "park" that is inaccessible, lacks usable open space, or is otherwise constrained has limited utility to the residents it is designated to serve. To ensure that this does not happen, the following standards are established to apply to the acquisition of new parkland: The service area should not be divided by natural or man -made barriers such as arterial highways, railroads, freeways, and commercial or industrial areas that would render the site inaccessible or undesirable as a park. Neighborhood parks should be located adjacent to elementary schools whenever possible. The primary consideration should be whether the existing school has adequate play space to serve both its educational needs and the needs of the neighborhood for playground space. The site for a community park should be of sufficient size to include a recreation building unless adjacent school facilities can be designated to serve public uses when school is not in session. The site for a neighborhood park should have street frontage. If it is located where adjacent streets are not sufficient for parking, the site should have a parking lot. Community park sites should have direct access to an arterial street. All neighborhood and community park sites should be accessible by foot, by bicycle, or within a short drive. Santiago Creek and the Santa Ana River Santiago Creek is one of a limited number of natural creeks in southern California, and provides recreational, ecological, flood control and cultural benefits to the City. Orange residents strongly identify with the Creek, and are unified in their desire to preserve the natural characteristics of the Creek, and to use it as a link that connects City parks and other gathering places. Residents also seek long -term preservation of the hydrologic and ecologic functions of the creek. In 1999, the City applied for, and was granted, technical assistance from the National Park Service Rivers, Trails, and Conservation Assistance Program to prepare a conceptual master plan for Santiago Creek. The plan, which is under preparation, will address three major components: recreation trails, open space, and flood control. The City will continue to work ORANGE GENERAL PLAN NR -46 mormcv. _ - NATURAL RESOURCES toward completion of the Vision Plan for Santiago Creek, and will implement its recommendations, consistent with General Plan policies concerning the Creek. The Santa Ana River also provides important flood control benefits and recreational opportunities for City residents. Current and planned land uses located along the Santa Ana River are among the City's highest intensity uses, providing great opportunities to improve access to the recreational trails that follow the River. The City supports future development of highly - visible access points to the River, particularly at Chapman Avenue, Katella Avenue, and Lincoln Avenue. Also, the City seeks to partner with the City of Anaheim, resource agencies, water districts, the Orange County Flood Control District, and community organizations to complete a vision plan for the Santa Ana River, similar to efforts currently underway for Santiago Creek. A key objective of the vision plan should be achieving more flexible use of the Santa Ana River corridor as a recreational amenity. For both Santiago Creek and the Santa Ana River, the City supports preserving undeveloped portions of the waterways to support riparian habitat areas and improve surface water quality. Such preservation would be accomplished through the use of Open Space land use designations. For portions of Santiago Creek that abut developed areas, the City desires that future commercial and residential projects respond to the presence of the creek as a community and ecological amenity to be incorporated in their site plans, building design and orientation, and landscaping. Recreational Programs and Services The City will also establish an ordinance to provide opportunities for funding for recreational services and facilities. Additionally, Orange will off -set and minimize impacts to the existing system caused by increased population associated with new residential development. Comprehensive Trails Network Trails serve important transportation and recreational needs for both City residents and visitors. They also help Zink the community through greater accessibility between neighborhoods, employment and retail centers, civic and cultural areas, nature areas, and schools. Pedestrian trails and bikeways enhance Orange's community mobility, provide opportunities for recreation and exercise, and also reduce dependence on the automobile. Orange's warm, dry climate and generally flat landscape make it perfect for walking and bicycling amenities such as trails, walkways and bike paths. The City experienced tremendous growth in the 198os. During the 1989 General Plan update, the City Council identified a need for additional recreational opportunities and recognized that construction on previously undeveloped areas rendered many "open spaces" no longer usable or accessible to the public. Recognition of this need was the motivation for development of the Recreational Trails Master Plan in 1993. Master Plan objectives include: goals for development of the trails system, a set of design standards, and an implementation and management maintenance program. Implementation of the Master Plan relies on the combination of City efforts and the efforts of a dedicated, well- informed and highly organized group of trail activists who devote their time and economic resources to ORANGE GENERAL PLAN NR -47 NATURAL RESOURCES preserving and enhancing current trails and to developing and maintaining new trail opportunities. The City is pursuing strategies for the maintenance and enhancement of the following community trail assets: Over 7o miles of existing trails Numerous City and County administered parks and open spaces located throughout the City that provide natural destination points, staging areas, and rest areas Santiago Creek, which provides potential for a trail traversing the City from east to west, with connections to regional trails on each end The Santa Ana River, which provides multiple benefits, including a multi - purpose recreational trail that connects the San Bernardino Mountains to the Pacific Ocean Additionally, 104 miles of proposed future trails are planned throughout the City on land currently used for a variety of purposes, including flood control, railroad rights -of -way, and roadways. Although the City's trails are heavily used by residents, often trails are located in areas that are disconnected and not readily accessible from neighborhoods. For example, horse trails are located in single - family neighborhoods, and pedestrian trails are located in equestrian t areas. The City will work in the future to refine the definition, purpose and use of trails, as well as appropriate links and access from neighborhoods. The City has also put a high priority on creating a trail network that links the City's open spaces, featuring the Santiago Creek Trail as the spine of the network. Orange recently completed a paved bike trail along Santiago Creek from Tustin Street to the Santa Ana City limit, at which point the trail continues on to Main Place Mall and the Discovery Science Center. Three additional segments of this bike trail are complete; they connect Tustin Street to Grijalva Park, as well as Collins Avenue along Santiago Creek, and then travel north from Walnut Avenue to Collins Avenue along the City -owned portion of the Santiago Creek Bike Trail Right -of -Way. The Santiago Creek Trail then extends through the City with a future connection to the regional Santa Ana River trail to Santiago Oaks Regional Park and wilderness areas east of Orange. The City will continue to work toward designing a comprehensive trail system that is highly accessible and safe for those who wish to use it. Additional information, maps and policies related to Orange's comprehensive trails system are provided in the Circulation & Mobility Element. NATURAL RESOURCE IMPLEMENTATION The goals, policies and plans identified in this Element are implemented through a variety of City plans, ordinances, development requirements, capital improvements, and ongoing collaborations with regional agencies and neighboring jurisdictions. Specific implementation measures for this Element are contained in the General Plan Appendix. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN NR -48 7 I CULTURAL RESOURCES E HISTORIC PRESERVATIONENEFALPLAN INTRODUCTION AND VISION FOR THE FUTURE Orange's sense of place and strong community identity can be attributed, in large part, to efforts by the City and community members to recognize and preserve the traditions and physical features that are manifestations of its culture and history. Special efforts have been made by the City through the preservation of catalogued historic maps, directories, photos, documents, and other assorted memorabilia in the City's Local History collection at the Orange Public Library & History Center. In addition, careful planning and adoption of protective regulations have encouraged retention of significant physical features, such as buildings, parks, signage, and landscape elements, that communicate the City's cultural, historical, and architectural past. Orange's Vision for the Future, described in the General Plan Introduction, recognizes the City's historical and cultural resources, and includes the following objectives related to Orange's cultural resources: The City will build upon existing assets to create a living, active, and diverse environment that complements all lifestyles and enhances neighborhoods, without compromising the valued resources that make Orange unique. The City will continue efforts to protect and enhance its historic core. This same type of care and attention will be applied throughout the rest of the City. We will continue to protect our critical watersheds, such as Santiago Creek, and other significant natural, open space, and cultural resources. This Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation Element of the General Plan is an outgrowth of previous actions taken to recognize historic resources within the City. Such actions include undertaking surveys of historic resources, adopting the City's first Historic Preservation element in 1982, and designating the local Old Towne Historic District. This Element is also an effort to expand the City's historic preservation program to ensure recognition and preservation of the City's diverse cultural resources. By identifying and sustaining historically or culturally significant places, the City of Orange strengthens community identity and enriches lives, providing not only a constant reminder of the culture and history of the local community, but also a valuable educational resource to residents and visitors alike. This Element also addresses the City's continuing commitment to support the educational and informational resources provided through its public libraries, which also serve as community gathering places. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CR -1 CULTURAL RESOURCES Purpose of the Cultural Resources Historic Preservation Element The Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation Element is not a state - mandated element of the General Plan, but it is important because it provides guidelines to preserve those resources that represent the history and culture of Orange. Specifically, its purpose is to provide guidance in developing and implementing programs that ensure the identification, designation, and protection of cultural resources in the City's planning, development, and permitting process. The Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation Element also identifies ways in which the City can encourage and coordinate with private property owners in support of historic preservation. Scope and Content of the Cultural Resources Historic Preservation Element The content of the Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation Element is organized into three sections: 1.) Introduction; 2.) Issues, Goals, and Policies; and 3.) The Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation Plan. The Introduction sets the stage by defining the purpose of the Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation Element and outlining the legal framework and historical context for Orange's cultural preservation issues. The Issues, Goals, and Policies section describes the City's intent to protect and preserve its historic and cultural resources, and provides guidelines and direction on how to accomplish the related goals. The Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation Plan shows how these goals and policies will be achieved and implemented. Detailed descriptions of the various implementation programs recommended within this Element can be found in the Appendix to the General Plan. Relationship to Other General Plan Elements The Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation Element is most closely tied to the Land Use, Urban Design, and Housing Elements. Protection and promotion of the City's historic and cultural resources affect the Land Use Element by designating certain neighborhoods and resources as valuable reminders of the City's cultural past and placing certain restrictions on land uses and development. The Urban Design Element is influenced by the history of the City in particular because design and physical guidelines also help to visually integrate references to the City's past in the appearance of streetscape enhancements and building design. Policies in this Element that encourage adaptive re -use of historic structures for housing affect how the City will accommodate the housing development described in the Housing Element. Legal Framework for Cultural Resource Protection This section describes the various elements that constitute the legal framework of cultural resource protection at the federal, state, and local levels. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CR -2 Animigem CULTURAL RESOURCES National Historic Preservation Act Enacted in 1966, the National Historic Preservation Act The_ Secretary_ of the Interior's NHPA) established the National Register of Historic Standards for the Treatment of Places (NRHP) program under the Secretary of the Historic Properties are basic Interior, authorized funding for state programs with principles created to help preserve provisions for pass- through funding and participation by the distinctive character of a local governments, created the Advisory Council on historic building and its site, while Historic Preservation, and established the Section 106 accommodating change to meet review process for protecting historic resources affected new needs. by federal undertakings. As part of this process, the Secretary of the Interior's Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties with Guidelines for Preserving, Rehabilitating, Restoring and Preserving Historic Buildings (Secretary's Standards) were developed to provide guidance to federal agencies in reviewing potential impacts to historic resources. NHPA requires that all states and U.S. territories have a historic preservation office The Certified Local Government (CLG) program and State Historic Preservation Officer. Each is a partnership among local, state and federal governments. The program encourages the state receives federal funding for the direct participation of local governments in the preservation program, and 10 percent of the identification, evaluation, registration, and funding must be passed through to Certified preservation of historic properties and Local Governments (CLGs).promotes the integration of local preservation interests and concerns into local planning and The NRHP is the nation's official list of decision - making processes. To be eligible for historic and cultural resources. Generally, CLG status, local governments must: resources must be more than 5o years old enforce state and local laws and regulations prior to listing on the NRHP. Properties that for the designation and protection of have not attained 5o years of age may be historic properties, listed if they are of exceptional establish an historic preservation review importance." Resources may be eligible for commission by local ordinance, the NRHP if they: maintain a system for the survey and inventory of historic properties, are associated with events that have provide for public participation in the local made a significant contribution to the preservation program, and broad patterns of our history; or satisfactorily perform responsibilities delegated to it by the state. are associated with the lives of significant persons in our past; or embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values, or represent a significant and distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction; or have yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in history or prehistory. A resource that meets one of the above - referenced criteria must also possess integrity. Integrity refers to the ability of a property to convey its significance. The NRHP recognizes seven aspects or qualities of integrity: location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CR -3 CULTURAL RESOURCES feeling, and association. To retain integrity, a property must possess several, and usually most, of these aspects. California Register of Historical Resources The Office of Historic Preservation (OHP) administers the California Register of Historical Resources (CRHR). The CRHR was established to serve as an authoritative guide to the state's significant historical and archaeological resources (California Public Resources Code PRC] Section 5024.1). State law provides that in order for a property to be considered eligible for listing in the CRHR, it must be found by the State Historical Resources Commission to be significant under any of the following four criteria (which are almost identical to the national criteria) that consider if the resource: is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of California's history and cultural heritage; is associated with the lives of persons important in our past; embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, region, or method of construction, or represents the work of an important creative individual or possesses high artistic values; and /or has yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history. The CRHR also includes properties that: have been formally determined eligible for listing in, or are listed in, the NRHP; are registered State Historical Landmark number 77o', and all consecutively numbered landmarks above number 770; are points of historical interest that have been reviewed and recommended to the State Historical Resources Commission for listing; or are city- or county- designated landmarks or districts (if criteria for designation are determined by OHP to be consistent with CRHR criteria). A resource identified as significant in an historical resource survey may be listed in the CRHR if the survey meets all of the following criteria: The survey has been or will be included in the State Historical Resources Inventory. The survey and the survey documentation were prepared in accordance with OHP procedures and requirements. The resource is evaluated and determined by the office to have a significance rating of category 1 -5 on Department of Parks and Recreation (DPR) form 523. If the survey is five or more years old at the time of its nomination for inclusion in the CRHR, the survey is updated to identify historical resources which have become eligible or ineligible due to changed circumstances or further documentation and those which have been demolished or altered in a manner that substantially diminishes the significance of the resource. While CRHR criteria are essentially identical to those of the NRHP, not all properties eligible for listing in the California Register are eligible for listing in the National Register. Besides the State Historical Landmarks below number 77o were designated as landmarks prior to implementation of the CRH R. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CR— 4 t g otCULTURAL RESOURCES difference in nomenclature (NRHP criteria labeled A -D), the primary difference between the two registers is that the NRHP imposes a 5o -year age requirement whereas the CRHR employs no age requirement. The other major difference between the two registers is the manner in which they weigh physical integrity. In addition to meeting one of the four criteria, CRHR - eligible properties must also retain sufficient integrity to convey historic significance. CRHR regulations provide for the possibility that historical resources may not retain sufficient integrity to meet the criteria for listing in the NRHP but may still be eligible for listing in the CRHR. OHP has consistently interpreted this to mean that a property eligible for listing in the CRHR must retain substantial integrity. California Environmental Quality Act CEQA) When a proposed project is expected to cause substantial adverse change to an historical According to the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) Statutes Section 21084.1, resource, the environmental clearance for the an historical resource is a resource listed in, or project usually requires mitigation measures to determined eligible for listing in, the CRHR. reduce negative impacts. Substantial adverse Historical resources included in a local register change in the significance of an historical of historical resources are presumed to be resource means the physical demolition, historically or culturally significant for destruction, relocation, or alteration of the purposes of this section, unless the resource or its immediate surroundings such preponderance of the evidence demonstrates that the significance of an historical resource that the resource is not historically or would be materially impaired. Material culturally significant. impairment occurs when a project: demolishes or materially alters in an adverse manner those physical characteristics of an historical resource that convey its historical significance and that justify its inclusion in, or eligibility for, inclusion in the California Register; or demolishes or materially alters in an adverse manner those physical characteristics that account for its inclusion in a local register, or its identification in an historical resources survey, unless the public agency reviewing the effects of the project establishes by a preponderance of evidence.that the resource is not historically or culturally significant; or demolishes or materially alters those physical characteristics of an historical resource that convey its historical significance and that justify its inclusion in, or eligibility for inclusion in the CRHR, as determined by a lead agency for the purposes of CEQA. The City has adopted Local CEQA Guidelines (Guidelines), amended April 11, 2006 to provide the City, and anyone intending to carry out a project, with the requirements of the environmental review process established according to state law, local ordinance, and City practices. The Guidelines contain a section pertaining specifically to historical resources. This section establishes the existing Historic Building Survey (1982 with updates from 1992 and 2005) as a recognized list of historical resources within the City pursuant to PRC 5020.1(k). The section authorizes use of the Secretary of the Interior's Standards for Rehabilitation, the Guidelines for Rehabilitation, and the Old Town Design Standards (adopted 1993 and updated ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CR- 5 max CULTURAL RESOURCES in 1997), for design review purposes. It provides thresholds for substantial adverse change and identifies local categorical exemptions and cumulative impacts analysis. City of Orange Historic Preservation Program The City's historic preservation program has its roots in community interest and outreach during the late- 197os. Spurred by citizen interest in the historic downtown and surrounding residential neighborhoods, the City Council formed the official Old Towne Steering Committee in 1979 to assess and direct the special planning needs for the square mile of old Orange. Other groups with an interest in Orange history and historic preservation that formed during this period include the Orange Community Historical Society (organized in 1973), Preservation Orange (organized in 1982 —no longer extant), and the OId Towne Preservation Association (OTPA) (organized in 1986). Soon after its establishment, the Old Towne Steering Committee took action to recognize the unique characteristics of the downtown commercial core, and joined with the Orange Community Historical Society and City officials to nominate the four -block commercial area to the National Register of Historic Places. This area, now known as the Plaza Historic District, was officially listed on the NRHP in 1982 (see Figure CR -1). Also in 1982, the City initiated its first historic resources survey to evaluate all pre -1940 homes and buildings in the City of Orange with a primary emphasis on OId Towne. The survey provided guidance in the establishment of the first Historic Preservation Element of the City's General Plan, which was adopted in 1983. Soon after, the Old Towne Orange local historic district was established (see Figure CR -1). In 1993, Old Towne Design Standards (amended 1997) were adopted to provide design guidelines for proposed alterations and /or demolitions in Old Towne to be reviewed by Planning staff in the Community Development Department and the Design Review Committee (DRC). In 1997, a more concentrated version of Old Towne was listed on the NRHP as the Old Towne Orange Historic District (see Figure CR -1). This National Register district was recognized for its significant cultural history related to the City's founding and early history and its concentration of early - period buildings. An update of the historic resources survey was conducted in 1992. This survey served as the basis for the establishment of the local Old Towne Historic District. The survey update was received by City Council and its findings were added to those of the 1982 survey. The combined survey is known as the Historic Building Survey pursuant to the City of Orange Local CEQA Guidelines. The City's Zoning Ordinance permits the establishment of historic districts through a zone change process (Orange Municipal Code 17.020 and 17.17 Historic Districts). The City's Community Development Department oversees application of the City's Historic Preservation Program including the Mills Act program (discussed in the Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation Plan section below), provision of educational materials, project application review, and permit processes. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CR— 6 f l 1 f t.y NGE C N, 7 r F j L EAIERAL 1l Ili.T O I LL l \51C {MORE Al[ FS1(U OR L ° t El pp N r IA r lN, VI E AlE E WWII ONE r r Amm. pf1 .._....I _F N 113 A G u - O r O n a U x 0 a z . u' .11%,, 4%1 E {tuunu i1e 8 n 111 4SN14010k {1tj Fl \t31ll.v'GEO \A \F 6 k ('tl \Il fi{ n1C 11 I.I 40 Alt n ' a,i E 1 1 1,4 11014 + \f CURER { mm.E 1111IIt \l1 n...... r rCk1\tlkN(IR Individual National Register l - M Additional Resources Listed Resources milI. Orange Intermediate School L ICentralGrammarSchoolI I , _ y 2. Orange Union High School I/ 1 1/1 3. Lewis Ainsworth House 7 r h 9..• ?. 4. St. John's Lutheran Church j"„ 1• , k'i 5. First Baptist Church of Orange r!!IH < ' . C.Z. Culver u— '_i 4' 7. Parker House t i ' - ----- 10. Irvine Regional Park: 21401 Chapman Ave8. Porter French House I I . Olive Civic Center: 3030 N. Magnolia Ave 9. The Plaza 4 2 Local Historic District National Register of Historic Places NORTH H H 1 1 1 I Feet r j Old Towne District MN Old Towne Orange Historic District e0 410 820 1.230 1.640 Planning Area 111111111 Plaza Historic District 0 Individual National Register Listed Resources 1 i Figure CR -1 Designated Historic Resources ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CR -7 CULTURAL RESOURCES k Historic and Cultural Context Patterns of Development and Architecture In order to prepare for the future, it is often worthwhile to The full text of the Historic look to the past for inspiration. A review of Orange's dynamic Context Statement for the history six important phases: colonization, early City of Orange, including settlement, agriculture and industry, immigration and ethnic citations, photographs and diversity, interwar development, and postwar development. maps, is provided in the The following paragraphs, which are taken from the Historic Cultural Resources Technical Context Statement prepared in conjunction with this General Report, which accompanies Plan, describe significant events within each of these eras, as the General Plan EIR. well as a summary of physical features and characteristics that remain within the community today. Colonization (circa 1800 -1870) The first landowner in the Orange area was Juan Pablo Grijalva, a retired Spanish soldier. His land extended from the Santa Ana River and the foothills above Villa Park to the ocean at Newport Beach. Along with his son -in -law, Jose Antonio Yorba, he began a cattle ranch and built the first irrigation ditches to carry water from the Santa Ana River. After Grijalva's death, Yorba and his nephew, Juan Pablo Peralta, received title to the Rancho Santiago de Santa Ana land grant with a total of 78,941 acres. After California became a state in 1848, one member of the extended family that owned the Rancho — Leonardo Cota— borrowed money from Abel Stearns, who was the largest landowner in Southern California. Cota put up his share of the Rancho as collateral. When Cota defaulted on the loan in 1866, Stearns filed a lawsuit in Los Angeles Superior Court to demand a partition of the land so that Stearns could claim Cota's section. As a result, the Rancho was subdivided into 1,000 units parceled out to the heirs and the claimants in the lawsuit. Very little above - ground evidence remains from this early period of colonization of the Orange area, although any locations identified as related to the colonization period may yield archaeological evidence. A total of 33 adobes are thought to have been present on three ranchos within the City. Today, the northwest corner of the intersection of Lincoln Avenue and Orange -Olive Road in Olive is known as the site of the Rancho Santiago de Santa Ana headquarters. Past excavations in this area revealed the remains of two adobes, including wall remnants, tile floors and associated artifacts. The Grijalva Adobe site at the corner of Hewes Avenue and Santiago Canyon Road is marked by a plaque. This site included at least one adobe and some associated outbuildings. Francisco Rodriquez's property, generally bound by present day Main Street, Walnut Street, the Atchison Topeka Railroad and Collins Avenue, also contained adobes and is associated with this early period. Early Settlement (circa 1870 -1920) The early roots of the Orange we recognize today had their origins in the partitioning of the original Rancho. Two of the most important historic areas within the City —Old Towne and El Modena —were established at this time. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CR- 8 CULTURAL RESOURCES kit Oki Towne When Rancho Santiago de Santa Ana was subdivided in the late 186os, a Los Angeles lawyer, Alfred B. Chapman, represented several parties in the partition suit. As payment for his fees, Chapman acquired approximately 4,000 acres. In 187o, Chapman hired another lawyer, William T. Glassell, to survey and subdivide his land holdings into farm lots ranging in size from 10 to 4o acres. With an eye to the future, the founders set aside eight lots in the center of the newly subdivided blocks of land, to be used as a public square. This public amenity is now known as Plaza Square, or simply the Plaza. In honor of the founders, the two main streets, which intersected at the public square, were named Chapman Avenue (running east -west) and Glassell Street (north- south). Orange grew rapidly during the Great Boom of the 1880s. New settlers flocked to the region due to the cross - country expansion, inexpensive rail fares, and the balmy Southern California climate. Many of the new settlers entered Orange via the Santa Fe Railroad (later called the Atchison, Topeka, & Santa Fe) Depot four blocks west of the Plaza (currently the site of Orange Metrolink Station, Depot Park, and Veterans Memorial). Much of the real estate boom of the 188os was driven by landowners subdividing their ranches in order to sell individual lots, which were often bought by speculators. By 1887, dozens of new subdivisions and four new townsites were laid out. Connecting these new communities were two horse - drawn streetcar systems: the Orange, McPherson and Modena; and the Santa Ana, Orange and Tustin lines. By the late 187os and early 188os, the population of Orange was large enough to support the construction of civic buildings and gathering places such as churches, schools, and public parks. As the city continued to grow and lots were further subdivided, the new residents named the streets after the towns they came from in the East, such as Batavia and Palmyra. The settlement first tried to incorporate in 1873 under the name Richland. The post office rejected this application because there was another settlement by that name in Sacramento County. The name was changed several years later and Orange was incorporated on April 6, 1888. At the time of incorporation, Orange was about three square miles, with 600 people who predominantly lived on small family ranches surrounding the town. Although most residents lived on working farms, some homes — generally for the town's doctors, lawyers, and merchants —were built on the small lots surrounding the Plaza. After the boom of the 188os, major construction in Orange lay dormant for over ten years. With the new century came growth in the town's citrus industry and an increase in economic prosperity. The Plaza soon became the commercial and social hub of Orange and the principal banks, newspapers, stores, and public institutions were built around its edges along Chapman Avenue and Glassell Street. Residential development, which increased to meet growing demand, occurred on the secondary streets beyond the Plaza and commercial center. Many commercial, residential, civic, and religious buildings from Orange's early settlement years remain today, in addition to the Plaza developed in the 188os. Early brick commercial buildings in the Plaza area include the C.M. Woodruff store (1885), D.C. Pixley store (1886), and Wells Fargo (originally Bank of Orange) building (1886). Existing religious buildings ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CR- 9 CULTURAL RESOURCES IV L. ri1 : .." 1r= include the First Baptist Church (1893), St. John's Lutheran Church (1914), and Trinity Episcopal Church (1908). Later buildings in the Plaza Square area include Watson's Drug Store (1900), the former First National Bank (1928), and the W.O. Hart Post Office (1926). Early homes were built in the Victorian or Queen Anne style, characterized by a vertical emphasis with simple, jigsawn ornamentation, particularly around the porch, windows, and entry. During the years before World War I, residential styles evolved to include Classical Revival and Craftsman homes. El Modena Paralleling the early settlement of Old Towne was the establishment of another town located approximately three miles to the east. Known as El Modena, this small enclave evolved from a Quaker village into a citrus- farming Mexican - American barrio over the course of its nearly 120 -year history. San Francisco millionaire and philanthropist David Hewes became one of the primary developers in the area when he bought hundreds of acres around 1885. By 1886, there were 40o people living in El Modena. In 1888, a horse drawn streetcar connected El Modena to Orange. By 1889, the building boom was over and the population declined. The area re- established itself as a fruit growing area and became known for its mild climate and rich capacity for farming. A number of relatively unaltered, small, wood - framed bungalows are scattered throughout El Modena, including an eight - building bungalow court on Hewes Street at Montgomery Place. Friends Church, the anchor of the original settlement of El Modena, still exists on Chapman Avenue at Earlham Street, although it has been converted into a restaurant. The footprint of Hewes Park remains at the intersection of La Veta Avenue and Esplanade Street, although the park has since been sold as private lots. Small expanses of unaltered open space still exist to the south and east of El Modena, although almost all of the former agricultural areas have been developed. Agriculture and Industry (circa 1880 -1950) Water became the critical element for ongoing prosperity. In 1871, the A.B. Chapman canal began bringing water from the Santa Ana River to the townsite, with ranchers digging lateral ditches to their farms. By 1873, settlers began to develop wells, tapping into a water table only 18 feet below ground. A drought in 1877 motivated local ranchers to buy out the water company and form the Santa Ana Valley Irrigation Company (SAVI). As a cooperative water venture, SAVI was vital to the agricultural development of the arid Southern California region. Beginning in the 188os, the transcontinental railroad system granted growers in Orange County access to markets across the nation. The introduction of reliable irrigation and transportation systems was accompanied by a surge in agricultural production and productivity in Orange County. This was particularly true in Orange, where from 188o to 195o, citrus and other agricultural industries were the predominant influences on the economic, political, and cultural development of the City. By 1893, citrus had become so dominant that the Orange County Fruit Exchange (now known as Sunkist) was organized and incorporated. This organization constructed its headquarters building at the northeast corner of Glassell Street and Almond Avenue. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CR -10 9 y CULTURAL RESOURCES 4 CThe citrus industry continued to grow until the Great Depression. Between 1933 and 1 935, unemployment in Orange County grew to 15 percent. This led to labor issues that culminated in a farm workers strike in 1936. Another blow to the citrus industry occurred in the 195os with the spread of "Quick Decline" disease, which resulted in reduced crops and loss of trees. This, combined with the strong demand for housing after World War II and the need for developable real estate, began to diminish the once - powerful role of the citrus industry. By the late 199os, the citrus packing industry had steadily moved out of Orange County. Three historic packinghouse complexes survive within Old Towne. The oldest existing packinghouse is the former Red Fox Orchards packinghouse, built in 1909, a Pueblo Revival, wood frame building at 128 South Cypress Street. The Villa Park Orchard Association's packinghouse complex, built in 1919, is located at 350 North Cypress Street. This former Santiago Orange Growers Association packing plant was built to take advantage of the Santa Fe Railway on the west side and the Pacific Electric on the east. The Villa Park Orchards Association's offices are located one block north of the packinghouse at 544 North Cypress Street. This building was formerly the segregated Cypress Street School, built in 1931 to educate the Mexican and Mexican - American children of Cypress Street Barrio and El Modena. SAVI's 1931 headquarters are located at 154 North Glassell Street. Another building of agricultural importance is the Orange County Fruit Exchange, or Sunkist Building, located at 195 South Glassell Street. From the late 1920S through the 1940s, the Orange Mutual Citrus Association operated a packinghouse at 426 West Almond Avenue adjacent to the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe tracks. In later years, the Orange Cooperative Citrus Association occupied the building. Numerous other industrial buildings remain throughout Orange, concentrated around the railroad tracks running north -south parallel to Cypress Street. In 1927, the Western Cordage Company, a rope manufacturer established in 1923, moved into what had been the Richland Walnut Association Building at 501 West Palm Street. In 1928, the California Wire Company renamed the Anaconda Wire Company in 1930) built a complex of industrial buildings adjacent to the rail line between Palm Avenue and Maple Avenue at zoo -296 North Cypress Street. The Chapman University Film School currently occupies a portion of the original complex. The buildings feature industrial steel windows and skylights to Tight the interior work areas. In 1914, the Orange Contracting and Milling Company built their yard and mill at 225 North Lemon Street. The false front industrial building consists of a wood frame sheathed with corrugated sheet metal panels. Another false front industrial building within the district is the structure at 145 North Lemon Street, which features pressed metal panels on the wall of the street facade. Residential construction associated with industry in Orange centered on bungalows, which became popular, affordable housing for workers. Imitating large, high -style Craftsman homes, these homes were decidedly smaller, usually one story, and were less expensive to construct. Storekeepers, bakers, contractors, packinghouse operators, teachers, carpenters, and laborers occupied many of the bungalows that remain throughout Old Towne. kt ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CR -11 dimmoserromi CULTURAL RESOURCES NA Immigration and Ethnic Diversity (circa 1910 -1980)3 Two international events had significant effects on El Modena and Orange in the i9ios: the Mexican Revolution and World War I. Beginning around 1910, many Mexican families came to the U.S., seeking refuge from the chaos sparked by the Mexican Revolution. When the U.S. entered World War I in 1917, men across the country were drafted into the war effort. As a result, the fruit harvesting workforce dwindled, creating employment opportunities for these new immigrants. The increased demand for workers and the influx of Mexicans supported two vibrant communities: the Cypress Street Barrio and El Modena. El Modena By the 1920s, El Modena began to take on a distinctly Mexican character. Many Mexican - American El Modena families worked in packinghouses and orchards. The area was surrounded by fruit tree groves, isolating it from the rest of Orange. Isolation and segregation from white residents of Orange were facets of life for the residents of El Modena and the Cypress Street Barrio. Many popular recreational activities were segregated, including movie theaters. Mexican - Americans were restricted from playing ball in public parks and their use of the community pool was limited to Mondays, because the pool was drained on Monday night. The impact was felt even at the schools, where Mexican - American student enrollment was restricted to "La Caballeriza" ( "The Barn "), a two -room wooden schoolhouse behind the Lemon Street School. The breakthrough came in 1947 when the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in favor of League of United Mendez v. Westminster sought a court injunction that would order integration ofLatinAmericanCitizensinthecaseMendezv. schools in the Westminster, Santa Ana, Westminster, ordering that "school districts not Garden Grove, and El Modena school segregate on the basis of national origin." In the districts. Basis for the suit was provided by wake of Mendez came the landmark Brown v. conditions in El Modena where the Board of Education decision in 1954. As integration segregated Lincoln and Roosevelt schools slowly commenced, many disgruntled Anglo sat side - by - side on Chapman Avenue, families moved away, settling in newly drawn making an easy comparison of separate school districts that were often "re "- segregated. and unequal educational opportunities for Mexican- American children. The original Some of the small bungalows from this period still site of these two schools has since been exist in largely modified forms, typically with redeveloped. clapboard siding, gabled roofs, and small entry porches. The most significant commercial building from this period is "La Morenita," a market that still exists on the corner of Washington Avenue and Earlham Street. Around 1929, the Moreno family, one of the oldest families in El Modena, constructed the small, western false -front building. Cypress Street Barrio Mexican citrus workers settled on Cypress Street beginning in 1893 when a packinghouse was built on the 30o block of North Cypress. Growers realized that having an easily accessible, stable, and permanently housed workforce assured a lessened chance of labor problems. Residents of the Cypress Street Barrio were a tight -knit group with many new ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CR -12 CULTURAL RESOURCES residents coming from the same villages in Mexico. Today, some residents can trace their family's neighborhood roots back four generations. To support this population, Cypress Street Barrio's small businesses included grocery stores, bakeries, tortillerias, restaurants, bathhouses, automobile shops, barbershops, and pool halls. The Friendly Center, Inc., one of the oldest non - profit family resource centers in Southern California, offered "Americanization" courses, homemaking classes, health clinics, and childcare services to Cypress Street Barrio residents. In addition, the popular jamaicas, or church street fairs, were held in front of the Friendly Center during the late 194os. The Cypress Street Barrio still retains some of its original early 20th- century character in the form of small bungalows, commercial buildings, and packinghouses. The Mission Revival style Friendly Center, Inc. building was built at 424 North Cypress in 1922; the original structure has been remodeled for commercial and residential use. Among the long- standing businesses along North Cypress Street were the Cayatano "Pete" Cruz grocery store (44o North Cypress), Filiberto Paredes /Simon Luna /Emilia Luna's grocery store (418 North Cypress) and Pete's Pool Hall (405 North Cypress). Very little physical evidence remains of Orange's segregation history. The most prominent example is the formerly segregated Cypress Street School at 544 North Cypress Street, which today houses Chapman University's Human Resources Development Research Program. The Colonial Theatre, located at 138 South GlasselI Street, which was one of the few movie houses in Orange County where attendees of all races could sit side -by -side, still exists in a highly modified form. Interwar Development (circa 192o - 1941) As the citrus economy continued to flourish into the 192os, the demand for housing grew and residential styles evolved. The California- oriented Craftsman houses were followed by European- influenced Tudor, Provincial, Mediterranean, and Norman Revival styles. The Mediterranean Revival style was by far the most popular in Orange, and houses in this style that remain exist primarily on the outskirts of the Old Towne boundaries. Beginning in the 193os, Ranch and Minimal Traditional style homes became dominant due to the economic constraints created by the Great Depression. Minimal Traditional homes tend to be boxy, with flat wall surfaces and little ornamentation or other detailing; they often feature simplified features of Tudor and Colonial Revival styles. Ranch homes became the most predominant type of housing built in the United States between the 193os and the 196os. In addition to many existing homes in the Old Towne area, a number of Works Progress Administration (WPA) projects were built in Orange during this period. The State Emergency Relief Agency (SERA) and the WPA sponsored the construction of several structures, including the Bandshell and Bath House /Plunge in Hart Park (1933-1935), the downtown post office at Chapman Avenue and Lemon Street (1934 -35), a new fire station at 153 South Olive Street, a $45,000 stadium at Orange Union High School (1935), and new bridges on both the Santa Ana River and Santiago Creek. The Orange -Olive school buildings at 3030 N. Magnolia Street (also known as Olive Community Center) were also constructed by the WPA in the late 19205. Of these structures, the fire station and bridges no longer remain. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CR -13 A CULTURAL RESOURCES r, r Postwar Development (circa 1 945 -1 975)Q World War II brought prosperity to Southern California's economy and ended the ravages caused by the Great Depression, which had devastated fruit prices. After World War II, returning soldiers and a massive influx of new residents to the state changed the face of California forever. Orange was no exception; its remaining open and agricultural space attracted developers of bedroom communities. By the 195os, many ranchers readily sold their acreage; orange groves were succumbing to the "Quick Decline" disease and the demand for real estate for housing construction soared. Orange's explosive suburban residential growth began in 1953 and peaked in 1962, when thousands of acres of land were sold for development. Between 195o and 1960, the local population swelled from 10,000 to 26,000 as former orchards were torn out and replaced with subdivisions of single - family homes. Most of the larger tracts (50 -100 homes) were built by outside developers, though a few local developers worked on a smaller scale. One of the more notable developers working in Orange during this period was Joseph Eichler, who built three tracts to the north and east of Old Towne. These Eichler developments brought distinct elegance, originality, and modern design principles to suburban homes. Eichler Homes Between 1949 and 1974, Joseph Eichler built about 11,000 homes in California, including 575 in Southern California, of which 305 are in Orange. Frank Lloyd Wright's Usonian building principles, which included integration with the natural landscape, the use of indigenous materials, and an aesthetic to appeal to the "common man," gave Eichler ideas for his own suburban tract housing. Eichler hired a series of progressive firms, including Anshen & Allen, Jones & Emmons, and Claude Oakland Associates, to design innovative, modern, and affordable homes for California's growing middle class consumers. For over two decades, Eichler Homes would utilize streamlined production methods, specialized construction materials, an innovative marketing campaign, and one of the first non - discriminatory suburban housing policies in the country to change the shape of California's suburbs. Chapman University Chapman College was founded in 1861 as Hesperian College in Woodland, California by the Disciples of Christ. By 192o, Hesperian College merged with the new Los Angeles -based California Christian College. The major benefactor to California Christian College was Fullerton citrus rancher Charles Clarke Chapman, and in 1934 the college was renamed Chapman College. After World War II, as returning veterans with G.I. Bill funding filled college classrooms across the nation, Chapman College required a larger campus to accommodate the increased student population. When the Orange Unified School District proposed building a new high school, Chapman College purchased the old Orange Union High School campus at Glassell Avenue and Palm Street. Chapman College moved to this site in 1954 and became the first four -year, accredited college in Orange County. Over the years, Chapman has continued to expand its education programs, enrollment, and campus facilities. In 1977, a School of Business and Management (now known as the George L. Argyros School of Business and Economics) was established. The Law School was added in ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CR -14 iiiv CULTURAL RESOURCES C 1995. As a result of its academic development, Chapman College became Chapman University in 1991. Throughout the 199os, enrollment grew by more than 4o percent and the University has constructed new facilities, including a building for the new College of Film and Media Studies and an athletic complex. Physical Development The surge in Orange's population in the 195os and 196os created a need for new government buildings to replace the early City Hall, Fire Station, and Carnegie Library. The Orange Public Library (then addressed as 101 North Center Street, but now as 407 East Chapman Avenue) was completed in 1961, replacing the original 1910 Carnegie Library. Welton Becket and Associates designed a new civic center completed in 1963 on the site of the 1921 City Hall. Several fire stations were constructed during the 196os, including new headquarters on South Grand Street in 1969. A new main post office was constructed on Tustin Street in 1971. New business districts were also created during the mid- 195os, diminishing downtown Orange's importance as the city's major commercial center. Major shopping centers opened on the ,corners of Tustin Street, Chapman Avenue, Collins Avenue, Glassell Street, North Batavia Street, East Katella Avenue, Meats Avenue, Main Street, and La Veta Avenue, attracting supermarkets, restaurants, hardware stores, banks and gas stations. Shopping centers built during the 196os and 197os include Town and Country Village Shopping Center, the Mall of Orange (now the Village at Orange), and The City Shopping Center (now the Block at Orange). r-In the 196os and 197os, the ever - growing City of Orange annexed surrounding areas and towns, including portions of El Modena. The majority of construction from the postwar period remains largely intact, including the three Eichler tracts, Chapman University, City Civic Center, and numerous other commercial, residential, and civic buildings. 1975 - Present During the postwar suburban construction boom, the most desirable land for subdivisions was the flat coastal plain where cities such as Garden Grove, Westminster, and Costa Mesa developed. By the late 196os, construction slowed. Further development stalled with the energy crisis of 1973. By the 198os, however, the foothills to the east of El Modena became prime real estate. Orange Park Acres, which lies between Chapman Avenue and Santiago Canyon Road, was first subdivided in 1928, but most of the area was annexed by the City of Orange during the 199os. In 1989, the City of Orange and the Irvine Company adopted the East Orange General Plan, a proposal that encouraged a mix of residential, commercial, and recreational uses for the area east of Orange Park Acres towards Irvine Park and Peters Canyon. The Orange campus of Rancho Santiago Community College was constructed in 1985 and became Santiago Canyon College in 1997. Most construction from this period remains intact. Once the flatlands were fully developed, the remaining undeveloped lands that were previously thought to be too expensive or complicated to develop, including the hillsides, became much more desirable. In 2005, the City approved a development proposal for the remaining undeveloped hillsides to the east of Orange and within its sphere of influence ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CR -15 CULTURAL RESOURCES 501). This new development, consisting of approximately 4,000 homes, is known as Santiago Hills II and East Orange. The development area is located adjacent to the Irvine Ranch Land Reserve, and has significantly expanded the boundaries of Orange towards the east. Archaeological Resources The context statement for archaeological resources in the City of Orange represents The full text of the Archeological Historic Context Statement for the City of Orange, including a synthesis of over 5o years of surveys, citations and maps indicating portions of the excavations, and analysis of material planning area with potential for prehistoric and culture, written documents and records, historic archeological resources, is provided in the and oral histories undertaken by Cultural Resources Technical Report, which archaeologists at federal, state, and local accompanies the General Plan EIR. agencies and in the private sector. To date, over 5o surveys have been conducted within the City or its surrounding unincorporated areas. Most of these have been small in size (less than 10 acres), although a few have investigated hundreds or thousands of acres. These larger projects have been confined to relatively undeveloped areas, such as Burruel Point, Santiago Creek, or the unincorporated east Orange hills within the City's sphere of influence (SOI). These surveys have resulted in the recording of only 25 or so sites within the City, although others have been documented along the coast or in other portions of Orange County. Prehistoric Setting Orange County falls within the San Diego sub - region of the southern coast archaeological region of California. The history of the archaeology of this period in Southern California reads like a novel, with accounts of nationalism and competition between ambitious institutional collectors (e.g., museums, universities, public institutions). Intense and competitive, but unsystematic institutional collecting persisted in the region into the twentieth century. An initial framework of regional prehistory was in place by the 1950s. This framework is not specific to Orange County; however, elements of it are derived from work at Newport and Laguna Beaches. The generally accepted framework recognizes four broad temporal periods or cultural horizons. These are the Paleo- coastal or Early Man Period dating to more than 10,000 years ago; the Millingstone Period, falling between 10,000 years ago and 3,000 years ago; the Intermediate Period from 3,000 years to 1,350 years ago; and, the Late Prehistoric Period from 1,350 to 65o years ago. Paleo- coastal Tradition Initial occupation is thought to have occurred more than 10,000 years ago in Southern California. The view is that early occupants were mobile foragers primarily dependent on hunting terrestrial game. Recent archaeological evidence from some coastal sites indicates the systematic and intensive use of marine resources, including shellfish, during this period. One immensely important find was the partial remains of a woman on Santa Rosa Island Channel Islands) in 1959. Now known as the Arlington Springs Woman, the find consisted of two femurs recovered at a depth of approximately 30 feet. The discovery was excavated in a block and transported to the Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History. In 1989, samples of ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CR -16 CULTURAL RESOURCES 0 the bone were submitted for chemical and radiocarbon analysis. The resulting estimate of the age of the remains suggests the individual was buried approximately 13,000 years ago, makin g Arlington PtheArlintonS rin g s Woman one of the oldest finds of human remains in the Americas. Millingstone Period Sites dating from around 8,000 years before present (B.P.) are far more common than those from the Paleo- coastal Tradition period. They typically include groundstone assemblages, indicating a probable dependence on hard seeds. At coastal sites, there is continued evidence of a wide variety of marine resource exploitation, most commonly shellfish. Some archeologists believe that terrestrial game still provided the foundation of the diet. Others note that the abundance of Millingstone Horizon sites suggests a sedentary settlement system, rather than a mobile foraging pattern. Under the sedentary settlement system, central settlements would be supplied from special purpose camps and task sites. Sites of this time period typically yield large numbers of metates and manos, as well as unique artifacts of unknown use, called cogged stones or discoidals. The Intermediate Period At about 3,000 years B.P., important changes began to occur in settlement, technology, and subsistence intensification caused by a growing population. Changes included increased use of acorns, elaborate fishing technology, and a diverse arsenal of hunting tools. The apparent C disuse of the Newport Coast area during this period is thought to have indicated the arrival of Shoshonean - speaking groups from the deserts to the east. Archaeologists believe these people were proto - Gabrieleno and Luiseno who were not yet familiar with marine resources. Late Prehistoric Period By the Late Prehistoric Period, beginning approximately 1,350 years B.P., high population densities and complex political, social, technological, and religious systems existed throughout the Los Angeles Basin. Economic systems, based primarily around growing marine fisheries, became more diverse and intensive. The growing geographic complexity of trade networks is reflected in shell -bead currency and a variety of materials traded to or acquired from remote locations. Technological improvements are apparent in the appearance of the bow and arrow, the plank canoe in coastal sites, and evidence of a broad variety of marine resources, including mammals and fish taken in deep sea environments. Settlements became permanent towns supported by temporary camps set up at resource procurement sites. Archaeological evidence of this time period includes the presence of arrowheads, soapstone bowls, callus shell beads, steatite effigies, and cremations. This period ended abruptly when Spanish colonists began establishing missions along the California coast. Ethnographic Setting The planning area is situated within the ethnographic territory of the Gabrielino Indians of California. Gabrielino lands included most of present -day Los Angeles and Orange Counties, Q and several offshore islands. The Gabrielino spoke a Cupan language in the Takic family, which in turn is a member of the Uto- Aztecan linguistic stock. The Gabrielino people lived in ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CR -17 CULTURAL RESOURCES either permanent or semi - permanent villages. Known settlement locations seem to have favored two different locales; coastal estuaries and major inland watercourses. Villages are thought to have been the focus of family life, with each individual group linked to others by paternal kinship relations. Coastal Gabrielino exploited bay and kelp -bed fish, shellfish, and occasionally sea mammals. Inland groups collected and processed plants and hunted deer, bear, quail, and other terrestrial game. Gabrielino culture was heavily affected by colonial Spanish missionary efforts long before systematic ethnographic studies could be conducted, indeed before there was such a discipline as ethnography. Disease and forced participation in the mission system disrupted most traditional cultural ways of life and resulted in a catastrophic reduction of the native population. Information about their material culture and Iifeways is very limited and derived largely from historical sources, such as the diaries and records of early missionaries, soldiers, and explorers. While traveling through the area in 1769, Father Juan Crespi, a missionary, noted the presence of a large village, Hotuuknga, upstream from present day Olive on the north side of the Santa Ana River. Crespi wrote that 52 Indians came to greet them and accepted blankets, beads, and other goods. When he returned two years later, the group was hostile and the Spaniards quickly continued on their way. As late as the 1870s, a small Indian camp" was visible on the north side of Santiago Creek just west of the Glassell Street crossing. What little ethnographic information is available suggests that the Late Prehistoric Gabrielino settlement pattern may have been characterized by a complex of central villages occupied by family lineages and smaller special - purpose sites where specific resources were extracted or where food or other resources were collected for transportation back to central villages. Such a pattern is consistent with the "collector" economic model for complex hunter - gatherer societies such as the Gabrielino. Historical Setting As mentioned previously, major themes and eras in Orange's history include colonization, early settlement, agriculture and industry, immigration and ethnic diversity, interwar development, and postwar development. Considered in light of these themes and eras, places of particular archaeological interest include rancho sites, Old Towne, El Modena, McPherson, and Olive. Physical developments of particular interest include the railroad, packinghouses, private homes, and civic buildings. Social developments of particular interest include ethnic settlement, labor issues, and segregation. Orange's early settlers, commercial enterprises, and public facilities had no modern -day waste disposal facilities. Typically, outdoor sanitation facilities (privies or outhouses) were placed within private property at the rear of the properties, close to alleys. Household trash items (discarded bottles and dishes, food remains, and broken objects) were often disposed of by spreading across the back or side yards and then covering with dirt (creating horizontal layers of discarded refuse) or by digging pits to hold garbage and then covering with dirt. According to City sanitation records (these records do not extend to El Modena, Olive, etc.), sewer lines were installed in the streets and into parcels within Orange and the general area of the Cypress Street Barrio between 1911 and 1914 (after 1915, almost all new development in Orange included provision of sewer lines). While the City provided the pipes necessary for ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CR -18 I NVCULTURAL RESOURCES individual hook ups into the system, it was up to the landowner to install flushing toilets and sinks, and some residents continued to use outhouses for many years after the main sewer line was installed. As outhouses were abandoned, they were often filled in with discarded household debris, creating sealed deposits. These lgth century refuse deposits often contain information on household demographics, cultural heritage traditions, economic status, and other research topics that is not available through written documentation. In Orange, deposits associated with early Hispanic communities, Chinese settlers, German immigrants, religious organizations, and other heritage or belief groups have the potential to provide glimpses of the daily lives of Orange's early settlers. In Cypress Street Barrio's and El Modena's early settlement period, deposits associated with Quakers can provide artifacts and other organic material useful in interpreting the influence of religious beliefs on material culture, the everyday practice of a religious philosophy, status, the role of women and children in the household, and other topics not always addressed in the written record. Archaeological deposits associated with warehouses, ditches, and workers' camps are potentially present at any igth and early zoth century packinghouse location within the City. As with residential areas, industrial work sites established outhouses, waste disposal areas, and residential areas for workers. Often, large organizations employed on -site blacksmiths to maintain freight wagons and shoe stock, and fix machinery and tools. Analysis of functional use areas can aid in reconstructions of lgth- century technology, industrial design and layout, and technological changes, innovations, or modifications made at individual company sites. Household debris discarded at workers' camps allows a comparison of the economic and social status of foremen, managers, owners, and laborers (as interpreted through the material culture). Such debris also allows insights into division of labor camps based on cultural heritage, comparisons of conditions at camps owned by different companies, and other research topics that can enrich the known history and interpretation of Orange's important agricultural and industrial development. New developments and existing urban areas of the City continued to tie into the City's ever- expanding sewer system in the Interwar Development period, eliminating the potential for hollow - filled significant archaeological deposits associated with individual households. Rural areas, however, relied on outhouses or septic systems and were often responsible for disposal of their own household trash. Deposits associated with farmhouses, small scale orange growers, and agricultural enterprises have the potential to allow interpretation of individual farm and household response to the Depression, adaptations in diet and material culture in light of reduced economic status, changes in farm technology or equipment in light of the Depression, and other topics related to interpreting this era of Orange history. The explosive growth of Orange and establishment of planned subdivisions in the Postwar Development period is unlikely to have resulted in significant archaeological deposits. By the end of World War II, new developments included installation of sewer, water, and electrical utilities. New homeowners and tenants were provided with garbage collection services, and the likelihood of encountering significant archaeological deposits associated with this period is considered low. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CR -19 Alimmmilmmumm CULTURAL RESOURCES Orange's Public Library System Orange's Public Library was founded prior to incorporation in 1885, making it one of the oldest public libraries in Orange County. Postmaster Robert E. Tener donated his collection of about 300 books and ran the library as a private organization, using dues from the members to build and maintain the collection. The library itself was housed in the Post Office Building on South Glassell Street. It remained as a private organization until 1894 when it was turned over to the newly- formed City. In 1905, the collection needed a new building and was granted a Carnegie building to house the library on the corner of Center Street and Chapman Avenue, where the Main Library is still located today. In 1961, the original Carnegie building was demolished and a 17,000 square foot building was erected, increasing in size to provide service to an anticipated population of 40,000. An expanded new Orange Public Library & History Center reopened on April 21, 2007. At 45,0 square feet, the new library building includes a Children's Library, Teen Zone, Homework Center and a History Center. ISSUES, GOALS AND POLICIES The goals and policies of the Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation Element address five issues: (1) identifying and protecting historic resources, (2) protecting neighborhood character, (3) providing incentives and expanding education efforts for historic preservation, 4) recognizing and protecting archeological and cultural resources within the planning area, and (5) meeting life -ling learning needs of residents through provision of library services. Implementation programs related to these goals and policies are contained in the General Plan appendix. Architecture and Community Character One of the most distinguishing features of Orange is the community's dedication to recognizing, acknowledging, and preserving its past. The NRHP - listed Old Towne Historic District has the largest number of resources of any historic district in California, and provides a strong sense of place in the City and a unique identity within Orange County as a whole. The City recognizes that the architectural strength of Old Towne results from the contextual environment of historic structures, and further recognizes that in some cases, individual structures are best appreciated in a neighborhood context. The City also realizes that some individual structures worthy of protection may not be located within an intact historic neighborhood (for example, historic farmhouses located throughout the City or La Morenita market in El Modena). Historic preservation in Old Towne has been a significant factor in the revitalization and economic vitality of downtown Orange, resulting in increased property values and low vacancy rates. Old Towne preservation has created a potential model for other locations within the City. However, efforts to identify and protect resources beyond Old Towne have been limited. The City seeks to build upon the successes of Old Towne and the existing historic preservation program, to use new techniques and technologies to assist in historic ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CR -20 CULTURAL RESOURCES preservation, and to prepare for a future wherein an increasing number of resources will qualify as potentially historic. GOAL i.o:Identify and preserve potential and listed historic resources, including buildings, structures, objects, sites, districts, and archaeological resources citywide. Policy 1.1:Maintain an accessible inventory of designated and potential historic resources. 40 l.2:Promote community education and awareness of the significance of Orange's potential and listed historic resources. Policy 1.3:Provide long term assurance that potential and listed historic resources will be used, maintained, and rehabilitated in conformance with Secretary of the Interior's Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties with Guidelines for Preserving, Rehabilitating, Restoring and Preserving Historic Buildings Secretary's Standards). Policy 1.4:Encourage alternatives to demolition such as architecturally - compatible rehabilitation, adaptive re -use, new construction, and relocation. Policy 1.5:Require that no permit for alteration or demolition of properties identified in the Orange Historic Resources Inventory as potential historic resources shall be issued until alternatives to demolition have been duly considered. Q Policy 1.6:Promote the preservation of cultural and historical resources controlled by governmental agencies, including those related to City, School District, and other agencies. Preserving Historic Neighborhood Character Historic preservation goes beyond protecting a select number of buildings. The overall goal of historic preservation is to Zink current residents to the City's rich heritage, create a sense of place, and protect architectural context and diversity. Preservation efforts should enhance neighborhoods by rehabilitating individual structures and addressing neighborhood character in areas that are rich in history but that may not retain enough integrity to qualify as local, state, or national historic districts. While they may not have high integrity, these neighborhoods are culturally, historically, and architecturally significant and feature distinct physical and /or architectural characteristics. GOAL 2.0 Identify and preserve neighborhoods that are culturally and historically significant but do not retain sufficient integrity for eligibility as a local, state, or national district. Policy 2.1:Encourage identification and listing of Neighborhood Character Areas within the El Modena, Cypress Street Barrio, Railroad /Packinghouse Corridor, and Orange Park Acres neighborhoods. Policy 2.2:Promote community and visitor awareness and education concerning the I unique and special history and architecture found in Neighborhood Character Areas. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CR -21 CULTURAL RESOURCES etwimirammilly Policy 2.3:Ensure that those qualities that contribute to the historic character of designated Neighborhood Character Areas are retained through application of design guidelines consistent with the local context and key physical attributes of each neighborhood. Incentives and Education Historic resources throughout the City provide opportunities for both rehabilitation and adaptive reuse as commercial, residential, or office spaces. Encouragement and incentives to achieve long -term preservation and context - sensitive reuse of historic buildings will be provided through financial, planning, and zoning tools that assist property owners seeking to rehabilitate and preserve their homes and buildings. Many of these resources also provide opportunities to promote community awareness and support for historic preservation through public education. GOAL 3.o:Provide incentives and expand education efforts for historic preservation. Policy 3.1:Expand education efforts to facilitate and encourage historic preservation and recognition of the City's historic resources. Policy 3.2:Provide incentives to encourage and support historic preservation. Policy 3.3:Actively seek funding for historic preservation activities. Policy 3.4:Leverage recognition of the City's historic preservation program, participate directly in federal and state historic preservation programs, and gain access to designated historic preservation funding. Policy 3.5:Explore additional funding sources for maintenance and rehabilitation of historic resources. Archaeological and Cultural Resources Orange County is rich in human history, with a record of occupation by many cultures. The City recognizes the importance of preserving archaeological resources and making them accessible for educational purposes as a means of understanding our cultural heritage. GOAL 4.o:Identify and preserve archaeological and cultural resources. Policy 4.1:Identify, designate, and protect historically and culturally significant archaeological resources or sites. Policy 4.2:Recognize the importance of Santiago Creek as an archaeological resource. Policy 4.3:Encourage curation of any cultural resources and artifacts recovered in the City for public education and appreciation. Policy 4.4:Celebrate the cultural history of the community by increasing community awareness through the design features of public projects and facilities such as parks, plazas, and community buildings. Policy 4.5:Encourage private development to celebrate the cultural history of the community through project design. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CR -22 nw CULTURAL RESOURCES Policy 4.6:Provide additional resources and promotion for the Orange Public Library Local History Collection. Library Services The Orange Public Library has been providing library services to residents since 1885. The Library has always played a central role in the development of civic life in Orange, and continues to do so today and in the future through its presence as both a formal and informal community gathering place. This role will become increasingly important as the population of Orange continues to grow and diversify. GOAL 5.o:Meet the educational, cultural, civic, information, recreation, business, and life -long learning needs of residents through the provision of library resources. Policy 5.1:Continue to expand, coordinate and modernize the City's public library system, ensuring that it becomes the premier information and learning resource for the City to meet the needs of Orange's growing and diverse population. Policy 5.2:Support the strategies and recommendations of the Orange Public Library Facilities Master Plan 2002 -2020, and continue to explore new strategies that make the library accessible to all members of the community. Policy 5.3:Work with the community to assess, select, organize, and maintain desired collections of library materials and information sources and make these materials available to the public free of charge to promote information literacy. Policy 5.4:Promote collaborations among community groups, educational institutions and the Public Library to enhance sharing of information, resources and financial support for library facilities, services and programs. Policy 5.5:Provide friendly and welcoming library facilities that support the creation of both formal and informal neighborhood commons. CULTURAL RESOURCES HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN Orange has traditionally focused its historic preservation efforts primarily on Old Towne. Since 1982, when the City of Orange undertook its first historic resources survey, enacted its first historic preservation element, and established the Old Towne Historic District through a zoning overlay, historic preservation has been a significant factor in the revitalization and economic vitality of Orange's historic downtown. The current process of establishing an historic district is through a zoning overlay as outlined in the Zoning Ordinance; the City does not have a Historic Preservation Ordinance. By combining historic district designation with design standards, design review, and preservation incentives, the historic character of Old Towne has been maintained and preserved. As part of this effort, the City has developed public programs that provide City residents with a variety of informational tools advertising different options for historic preservation. The City actively promotes the Old Towne Design Standards, educates the public regarding architectural styles found in Old Towne, and ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CR -23 CULTURAL RESOURCES e 1-, ...... provides public information on the Mills Act program, which provides incentives that may reduce property taxes on historic buildings in exchange for rehabilitation and maintenance of the owner's historic resource. City Hall makes all of this information available, in addition to preservation maps and brochures, and City staff includes experts who work on historic preservation projects throughout the City. A Design Review Committee reviews building projects throughout Old Towne. Achievements of the Old Towne preservation program have been recognized by the community, and throughout the region. However, other potential historic districts and individual resources within the City do not receive the same attention. The City has a unique opportunity to examine and learn from the Old Towne experience, and to redefine the goals of its preservation program. This Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation Element includes issues, goals, and policies directed at facilitating a comprehensive preservation program. Figure CR -2 presents additional resources recommended for designation within the City. Subsequent portions of the Plan describe intended programs and objectives associated with these resources. Architecture and Community Character The City's original Preservation Element and current historic preservation program focus on preservation of neighborhoods, specifically Old Towne. This approach, which has been extremely successful, does not address the full extent or quality of architectural resources in Orange. The City of Orange, which has evolved and developed over the course of more than 100 years, contains significant concentrations of properties that reflect a variety of architectural styles, patterns of development, and important cultural history. Old Towne Orange Old Towne Orange, comprising the central Plaza, surrounding commercial buildings, and four adjacent residential quadrants, represents the period of development when the City evolved from pioneer settlement into thriving center of the Orange County citrus industry. Originally settled in the mid to late after the dissolution of Rancho Santiago de Santa Ana, Orange emerged as a robust industrial and commercial center between 1888 and 1940. Citrus and construction - related materials yards, packinghouses, and shipping and receiving businesses all flourished within the three short blocks between the Plaza and Santa Fe rail lines. Development over this 5o -year period is represented by distinct styles of architecture, methods of construction, and details of craftsmanship, examples of which have been substantially retained over the ensuing years. Many commercial, residential, civic, and religious buildings from Orange's early settlement years remain today, in addition to Plaza Square, developed in the 188os. Early homes were built in the Victorian or Queen Anne style, characterized by a vertical emphasis with simple, jigsawn ornamentation, particularly around the porch, windows and entry. Prior to World War I, residential styles evolved to include Classical Revival, Craftsman and Bungalow, and Mediterranean Revival examples. Eichler Homes Between 1949 and 1974, Joseph Eichler built about 11,000 homes in California, including 575 in Southern California, of which 305 are in Orange. Once a successful butter - and -egg wholesaler ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CR -24 CULTURAL RESOURCES in New York, Eichler drew inspiration for his change in profession from his time renting Frank Lloyd Wright's Bazett House. Wright's Usonian building principles, which included integration with the natural landscape, the use of indigenous materials, and an aesthetic to appeal to the common man," inspired Eichler to incorporate similar principles into his suburban tract homes. For over two decades, Eichler Homes would employ streamlined production methods, specialized construction materials, an innovative marketing campaign, and one of the first non - discriminatory suburban housing policies in the country to change the shape of America's suburbs. The 305 Eichler homes in Orange provide a unique opportunity for the City to recognize some of its lesser known historic neighborhoods. The three Eichler tracts (see Figure CR -2) include Fairhaven, constructed in southeast Orange from 1960 -1962; Fairmeadow, constructed in north Orange in 1963; and Fairhills, constructed in east Orange from 1963 -1964. They typify the eclectic mix of Eichler's California- modern aesthetic, and his affinity for high - quality, architect - designed "modernism for the masses." The residences in all three tracts remain largely unaltered and are a source of great pride for residents. Orange's Eichlers attest to the high quality of materials and craftsmanship used in Eichler homes, and serve as a reminder of early suburban integration in Southern California. Due to their architectural significance and integrity, these three tracts appear to be eligible for listing as historic districts in local, state, and national registers. The City has an opportunity to recognize a significant part of its post - WWII development history. Individual Resources Certain resources are worthy of protection California and Local Register Criteria as individual resources. These properties 1) The resource is associated with events that may be significant because of their relative have made a significant contribution to rarity, notable architecture, links to cultural broad patters of local or regional history or history, or their association with significant the cultural heritage of California or the people. Two examples are discussed below.United States. 2) The resource is associated with the lives of Farmhouses persons important to local, California or national history. In its early years, Orange flourished as a 3) The resource embodies the distinctive farming community. The Plaza and characteristics of a type, period, region, or downtown were dwarfed by surrounding method of construction or represents the expanses of citrus groves. Many residents work of a master or possesses high artistic lived on farms that stretched in all value. directions. With modernization and growth, 4) The resource has yielded, or has the most of the area's citrus groves and potential to yield, information important to associated farms have been subdivided and the prehistory or history of the local area, California or the nation. redeveloped for residential or industrial uses. According to previous historic resource surveys, several late 19th century farmhouses still exist in areas that would have been the outskirts of the original City core and in dispersed locations throughout Orange. These farmhouses, and any original outbuildings that remain on each property, are among the only tangible resources that remain to denote Orange's significant history as an agricultural community. While the City has surveyed many of the individual farmhouses, regulations tailored to preservation of these resources are needed to ORANGE GENERAL LAN CR -25 C C JAL pl Sw N CO L fi ` r-0eA/T -_-w 1,I l 1 r 1.0) l, i . v y > ar 0 a I 8 x r /N N I.CCi 1 - . t •N r L r j i O CC 4;r i f V h j 1 z • z 0 • _______,.... I 1 d 33:101I'M - ' ,, ,,c ...„ , 17)ro 0 41/.---'....__-------- .,/..,....."*.skd r.I Z ' •rl sa O i c z rCO a. N,rr-f T _ ' U \ 1a 44ta i'J NY4 ro tO p OraCO I V ..--E E Z 2a r _s.2 d • gyp, V w CC 000 S t I J `i J p 11 i i tir ,:ti, ky \ I. — 1 a t!•1 r qf v U s II \ Pit •4_ >L i \\ 'f• -. 1 ~ I y N v •• 0 a W Eel0.. 1(L ._.7 3.Y,=Sdk\2 o ar -,r r I ,I•is N 0 1 4.4 T:t7vNF'IASI r 0 C v F -i v p j .1-71r' U3dsOad j 1 s.rjl : V -i.. r..l.r.... 111- 1+1 +1+ fix J ui 'b f _ o— l' I l`1 /\\ 1 rJY FUNH:\\i t • 'iy_1- I- I - -I -I I I H J I c i. >, . 2, W L J 0 m t 7.."..:;,.. r''I is l lsdaaol I t r I-' E z n j0,5 1 r,(o aty''t in t:.1' ^-- _o-n y 4 I 14I L O 15 NILS'11 IS ‘111S11 LL . J rn 1 5 v , • F w W i r- <O 1 4_C N I O O O 1 - -ti 4 U.._33 )) _III _1 ZiiN CZ CL W I 1 L U O l ? 1S N3iiVH5 i 0 I N1 \I l' 4 \1 is SID —M in" j .. ro ^j `w a:1 O L ti C•X 3 r L E.O I 7"-rr 1 r -1 -1 .tip 1 l,14-1-1-1 r 1 • . I d r t v _ _ • r 4' / 7 r,-1 -prraq r•N : r e pn. n iuq. O 110 rp •2 rys ue 1 I-v, C ~ i o z 2. 6 s , II no o1,..,::3 3 I r 5 NMV I N F . 0 CO 5 • 1 ,•„;*::_-. N 0 ElSi . I V7 f X 7 rt p ' VI j T_ V Z o . X.ai i ,,-.? u Vi, =-7 a4l '• -,pvl lit J if 1 k i in CU 3 rr k 3: 1V 1015149 Y \ o, v, n/101`)allo] 11 /e/ V N r o I- o d 0 I I I 11 ''''''. ' 6 I - - - -`'' ,4'..i*-.... u-, 0 y Xy 15 51,11 t t0 S O C `i a U v E a "_r K a .,,1 I 11.4 -. - - ' \ \ w n a _ r E t-'` 'i d 0* ,'z 1 s °w 4110‘.CULTURAL RESOURCES ensure that these remnants of Orange's early citrus history retain their integrity and receive appropriate community recognition La Morenita Around 1929, a small western false -front market was constructed by the Moreno family, one of the oldest families currently living in El Modena. The market, called La Morenita, still exists on the corner of Washington Avenue and Earlham Street. The building was constructed at a time when many Mexican - American El Modena families worked in packinghouses and orchards in the nearby neighborhoods of Villa Park, Placentia, and Orange. A market like La Morenita provided necessary household and personal items for the surrounding Mexican - American community. As an important symbol of El Modena's Mexican - American heritage, La Morenita is also eligible for listing on a local register. Preservation Tools A variety of preservation tools are available to assist the City in identifying and preserving potential and listed historic resources. Orange Inventory The City will continue to maintain an accessible and periodically updated inventory of potential historic resources. All surveyed properties will be included in the City's Inventory of Historic Resources (Orange Inventory), and the Orange Inventory will be a valuable planning tool to be used in evaluating possible impacts a proposed project might have on previously evaluated potential and identified historic resources. Properties to be included in the Orange Inventory include those that have been surveyed, but that may not have complete documentation as to their historical, cultural, or architectural significance. The City will formally recognize the architectural and archaeological reconnaissance survey prepared in conjunction with the Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation Element, and will incorporate the findings into the existing Inventory. The Orange Inventory serves as a valuable resource for consideration of potential historically significant resources when undertaking environmental review for projects. Historic Context Statement Historic context statements have been prepared for the City, as well as for several individual neighborhoods within Orange, in tandem with this General Plan update'. Historic context statements document themes significant to community history and culture, and can be used both to educate the community regarding the significance of places and times in Orange's past and to identify, document, and evaluate the significance of historic resources. The City will formally recognize the historic context statement prepared in conjunction with the Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation Element, and will use the statement as a tool to evaluate potential historical resources. The City will also update the statement on an ongoing basis through collaborative partnerships with local organizations and universities. 2 These historic context statements are on file in the Community Development Department. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CR -29 CULTURAL RESOURCES NV- Orange Register of Historic Resources The City will create a Local Register of Historic Resources (Historic Register) which will serve as a local register of historical resources under CEQA. The criteria for listing in the Historic Register will be the same as for listing in the CRHR, as such criteria may be updated from time to time by the State of California. To be listed in the Historic Register, a property or district must demonstrate eligibility under one or more of four basic significance criteria, be representative of at least one theme identified in the Historic Context Statement, and retain substantial integrity. Upon establishing the Historic Register, all previously evaluated resources that have been designated or officially determined eligible for listing in the NRHP and /or CRHR will be automatically listed in the Historic Register. The Historic Register will include all contributors to NRHP- and /or CRHR - listed historic districts, as well as individual resources listed on the Historic Register and contributors to listed local historic districts. Notwithstanding the foregoing, "historical resource" for the purposes of CEQA means "historic district" in the case of a contributor to an historic district. The City will expand upon existing procedures for designation of local resources to expressly include separate or individual resources, structures, objects, sites, as well as districts and archaeological resources. Resources identified as potentially eligible in the Orange Inventory may be listed in the Historic Register if they meet the criteria noted above. Specifically, the City intends to pursue Historic Register listing for the three Eichler Tracts as historic districts and the approximately 6o potential individually eligible resources identified in the reconnaissance survey accompanying the General Plan update and shown on Figure CR -2. The City will also expand upon the existing procedure for designation of local historic districts. The procedure for designation of such districts should be interactive with property owners, should encourage participation in the listing process, and should include at least one mailing to property owners of record inviting them to public workshops to discuss proposed Historic Register listing. Alterations to or new construction on sites with listed historic resources shall be subject to City staff and /or DRC review and approval as outlined in Section 17.10.090 (Demolition Review) of the Municipal Code, in the Old Towne Design Standards (updated 1999), in the City's Local CEQA Guidelines (updated 2006), or in other adopted design standards. Until such time as an Historic Register is established, the City will use the Orange Inventory only to the extent that potential historic resources surveyed, listed in, or eligible for listing in the CRHR have been identified. Once the Historic Register is established, the City will use the Historic Register to identify historic resources for purposes of CEQA, NHPA, and National Environmental Protection Act (NEPA) review of proposed projects. Historic resources listed in the Historic Register shall have a presumption of significance pursuant to CEQA Section 21084.1 and shall be treated as historic resources under CEQA. Historic Resource Management The City will expand DRC and Community Development Department staff authority to administer the Orange Inventory survey, Historic Register listings, design review procedures, and demolition permits. To increase awareness of historic resources and reduce potential ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CR -30 CULTURAL RESOURCES harm to such resources, the City will establish a system to ensure that review and approval by Community Development Department staff and /or the DRC must take place before the whole or partial demolition of certain types of buildings. Such buildings would include those surveyed as potential historic resources in the Orange Inventory, those listed in the Historic Register, or those previously unevaluated properties within a designated historic district or Neighborhood Character Area that are more than 45 years old. Current ordinances may require amendment to incorporate preservation goals. Maintenance and Rehabilitation The City will work with property owners to ensure that potential historic resources in the Orange Inventory and listed historic resources in the Historic Register are maintained in good repair and that property owners take steps to prevent severe deterioration or demolition caused by neglect. Incentives for maintenance and rehabilitation may include grants and low interest loans, property tax relief, and other benefits to owners of listed historic resources to encourage affirmative, active maintenance. The Mills Act program will be expanded to include listed historic resources in the Historic Register, Eichler tracts, and other potential historic resources when those properties are designated. The City will also develop disincentives for not maintaining inventoried potential historic resources or listed historic resources, including penalties and fines for lack of maintenance upon serving of notice. Additional provisions may also be made for vacant and vandalized inventoried potential historic resources or listed historic resources. Such provisions may include barricading and protection. The City supports contemporary uses that require minimal change to defining physical characteristics of potential or listed historic resources, especially adaptive reuse projects that meet contemporary needs, including housing or commercial uses. To achieve these objectives, the City will prepare, implement, and update design guidelines and /or standards for districts containing potential or listed historic resources. The City will identify smaller character areas where concentrations of potential or listed historic resources reflect unique senses of time and place. In some instances this character may be manifested in utilitarian or decorative features, such as agricultural irrigation implements, decorative curbing, and stone neighborhood monuments. The City will develop guidelines for preservation of that character in buildings, structures, landscape, and other site features. The City will also continue to maintain publicly -owned potential and listed historic resources. Alternatives to Demolition The City will work with local preservation organizations and property owners wishing to demolish potential or listed historic resources to identify potential alternatives to demolition, and will explore alternatives, including building relocation and sale or transfer of ownership, prior to demolition of privately- or publicly -owned historic resources. Furthermore, the City will consider updates to current demolition ordinances to protect potential or listed historic resources. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CR- 31 CULTURAL RESOURCES 416‘44' Preserving Historic Neighborhood Character The City contains, in addition to Old Towne, a number of groupings of homes, businesses, and public buildings in dispersed locations that have a unique neighborhood character important to Orange history. Many of these areas contain buildings individually eligible for listing on a local, state, or national register and surroundings that retain physical characteristics that reflect the valuable historic context of the neighborhood. This physical character may be expressed as generally as streetscapes, historic street grid patterns, setbacks, or use categories; or as specifically as the predominance of a building type, prevalence of certain building materials or architectural styles, or characteristic building heights and /or sizes. Without regulation, this physical context will dissolve and eventually disappear into surrounding, incompatible modern development. Neighborhood Character Areas As uses and occupants change, one potential means of A Neighborhood Character Area preserving the physical characteristics that survive in NCA) is a form of Conservation the City's older neighborhoods is through designation District. According to the National of one or more areas as Neighborhood Character Areas Park Service, conservation districts NCAs). Applied as an overlay zone, an NCA can ensure are "usually designated as an that development and alterations within the overlay on a basic land - use designated area are consistent with, and reinforce, the category or geographically over a historic context of the neighborhood. With a number of neighborhood. It provides less properties serving as anchors and the use of stringent design restrictions than a appropriate design guidelines, an NCA could encourage historic district. The focus is on preservation of the historic physical qualities and maintaining the basic character of context of these neighborhoods, while still allowing the area, but not the specific historic details of buildings. For both changes in use and new development.example, a conservation district To qualify as an NCA, an area must be culturally or may simply ask that all buildings maintain a front yard, with garages historically significant under at least one of the themes being set behind the main identified in the City's Historic Context Statement; must building, to maintain the contain several individual buildings, structures, objects, established pattern of front or sites that are individual potential or listed historic yards." resources; and must retain physical characteristics that contribute to a unique neighborhood character. The Orange Inventory, surveys, and H istoric Context Statement all identify potential or listed historic resources that may serve as anchors for NCAs. Individual properties identified as anchors to an NCA are also to be listed on the Historic Register. Establishment of an NCA overlay zone requires the following: Identification of criteria and theme(s) for which the proposed NCA is significant. Identification of those physical architectural and /or design characteristics (e.g., building scale, story height, materials, relationship to street, width of streets, depth of setbacks) that are unique to the NCA being designated or that help convey its significant historic context and that should be preserved. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CR -32 CULTURAL RESOURCES Proposed design guidelines for each NCA that seek to preserve the unique physical architectural and/or design characteristics of the neighborhood. Initially, the City intends to designate El Modena, Cypress Street Barrio, the Railroad /Packinghouse Corridor, and Orange Park Acres as NCAs, as shown on Figure CR -2. In the future, other neighborhoods that meet the criteria listed above may qualify for such status, and the City will actively promote such future designations. NCAs are considered important only as a sum of their parts. Unlike properties in designated historic districts, properties located within an identified and listed NCA are not to be considered potential or listed historic resources when undertaking environmental review for projects. Within an NCA, only those properties identified as potential or listed individual historic resources on the Orange Inventory or Historic Register have a presumption of significance pursuant to CEQA Section 21084.1. Such properties should be treated as historical resources under CEQA only if they are listed in or eligible for listing in the CRHR for CEQA or the NRHP for NHPA and NEPA. The City will promote community awareness and education concerning the unique and special history and architecture found in NCAs by developing educational brochures and interpretive displays describing the NCA program. The City will also ensure that qualities contributing to the historic character of designated NCAs are retained through application of design guidelines consistent with the local context and key physical characteristics of each neighborhood. To ensure that the historic and cultural integrity of NCAs are maintained, the City will also provide educational materials and technical assistance for property owners. Incentives and Education Given Orange's numerous historic resources and active local preservation organizations such as OTPA, the Orange Public Library & History Center, the Orange Community Historical Society, and the Orange Barrio Historic Society, a wealth of interest and material is available to promote educational opportunities related to the City's architectural and cultural history. A citywide historic interpretation program comprising written histories, photographs, artifacts, and signage would promote community awareness and education in historic preservation. Certified Local Government Program Another significant opportunity to advance local preservation efforts is the Certified Local Government (CLG) program. A CLG is a local government certified under federal law by the California Office of Historic Preservation for the purpose of more direct participation in federal and state historic preservation programs. Orange has a definite opportunity to become a CLG given the City's well - established regulation of Old Towne. Local governments become certified by demonstrating their ability to enforce preservation laws and provide for adequate public participation. In addition, a CLG must have a qualified historic preservation review commission, and must maintain a comprehensive historic inventory. For Orange, certification as a CLG would be relatively simple because the City has already instituted many of the required elements, including design review, a design commission, a historic resources inventory, and an established method of public participation. Primary benefits of CLG status ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CR -33 CULTURAL RESOURCES include recognition of a local government preservation program, direct participation in federal and state preservation programs, and access to designated preservation funding. Development and Preservation Incentives Although the City already provides for use of the Mills Act program and application of the State Historical Building Code, additional incentives are available and should be considered. Adopting additional incentives could encourage responsible historic preservation and lessen the associated restrictions or burdens that may be felt by property owners. The City will continue to allow use of the State Historical Building Code for qualified historic buildings and properties, and will continue to administer the Mills Act Program, which can provide a property tax reduction for owners of historic resources. Future incentives may include potential fee reductions or waivers for building permits and business licenses, streamlined development permit review and issuance for projects involving listed historic resources and contributors to listed historic districts, and /or development transfers and bonuses. The City could also consider developing a voluntary conservation easement program in coordination with local preservation organizations that would provide a potential tax benefit to property owners and preserve listed historic resources and contributors to listed historic districts. Public Education To expand education efforts, the City will continue to develop and promote existing educational programs and materials relating to historic preservation and the City's historic resources. Educational programs and materials will address: significance of the City's cultural and historical resources; methods of conducting historic research; criteria for historic designation; historic resource design review processes; building permit requirements; and methods and incentives for rehabilitating and preserving historic and cultural resources. The City will utilize resources available through the Orange Public Library & History Center and establish partnerships with local preservation organizations to develop and present educational programs and materials relating to historic preservation, historic resources, and City history. Promoting an understanding and appreciation of the importance of historic preservation within City departments, boards, commissions, and elected officials also remains an important objective. Funding Historic Preservation Although many sources are available, funding historic preservation efforts remains a challenge. The City will take steps to improve access to historic preservation funding, including allocating or prioritizing a portion or percentage of the City's Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) funding to projects involving listed historic resources. Proposed work on listed historic resources using CDBG resources must be consistent with applicable design standards. The City will also explore facilitating zero- or low - interest loans ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CR -34 CULTURAL RESOURCES for maintenance and rehabilitation work, consistent with design standards, for listed historic resources and contributors to listed historic districts. Archaeological Resources Potential and identified archaeological resources (or sites) in the City consist of a range of sites from both the prehistoric period and the historic period. Archaeological sites in Orange have significant interest to the California Native American community, and to the public. Such sites have the potential to provide data to support ongoing research and education. Prehistoric archaeological sites provide traces of direct ancestry for California Native Americans. Prehistoric archaeological remains may include cemeteries containing the physical remains. Considerate and humane attitudes, as well as state and federal laws, demand that such remains be treated with courtesy and respect and appropriately protected. Archaeological prehistoric and historic remains are also of great interest to the general public, and the manner in which they are treated can enhance or detract from Orange's image nationally and internationally. Archaeological and prehistoric data can enhance and expand student learning opportunities, and can be used to train students in scientific and critical thinking. Historic archaeological sites may include residential, industrial, and occupational specific deposits and features associated with Orange's history and growth. They reflect the ethnic diversity of the City, and show how different national and cultural groups have contributed to our history and development. Historic archaeological remains also have an important educational advantage in that they are often far more accessible, recognizable, and understandable than prehistoric materials. Archaeological evidence of this period may include household trash (discarded bottles and dishes, food remains, and broken items), industrial waste, architectural remains, evidence of industrial processes, and evidence of agricultural practices. Assessing Archaeological Resources in Project Design and Approval Demonstrating a strong commitment to the CEQA Section 21083.2(g), defines a "Unique preservation of archaeological resources, the Archaeological Resource" as: City will pursue all available measures to avoid An archaeological artifact, object, or site development on sensitive archaeological sites. about which it can dearly be demonstrated Such measures may include project redesign that, without merely adding to the current and obtaining archaeological easements. The body of knowledge, there is a high City will formally recognize the archaeological probability that it meets any of the resources survey and resource sensitivity maps following: prepared in conjunction with the General Plan 1) Contains information needed to answer update and will use these documents to important scientific research questions and that there is a demonstrable public evaluate potential historical resources when interest in that information. reviewing proposed projects involving ground 2) Has a special and particular quality such disturbing activities.as being the oldest of its type or the best available example of its type. The City will also establish procedures for 3 ) Is directly associated with a scientifically listing archaeological resources, such as recognized important prehistoric or ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CR -35 CULTURAL RESOURCES' rah,2..u:=; vi prehistoric settlements and adobe sites, in the Historic Register. The City will employ appropriate criteria for evaluating the potential significance of historical resources and will encourage voluntary listing of eligible resources. The historical significance of an archaeological historic resource is evaluated using the criteria of Public Resource Code Section 5024.1 and CEQA Guidelines Sections 15064.5 et seq. The City will also establish procedures for evaluating potential "unique archaeological resources" pursuant to CEQA Sections 21083.2 et seq. The City will require cultural resource inventories of all new development projects in areas identified on resource sensitivity maps with medium or high potential for archaeological or cultural resources (prehistoric occupation, special task and ritual sites, or historic settlement areas such as adobe sites, etc.). Reports shall be prepared in a standard format Archaeological Resources Management Report format) by a Registered Professional Archaeologist knowledgeable in Native American cultures and /or historical archaeology qualified archaeologist). Where a preliminary site survey finds the potential for substantial archaeological remains, the City shall require a mitigation plan to protect the resource(s) before issuance of permits. In addition, the City will require Community Development Department staff review of cultural resource inventories and surveys and will expand staff authority to recommend designation and /or identify potential or listed archaeological historical resources for CEQA purposes. Community Development Department staff will also review site survey reports and mitigation plans for compliance with CEQA. Consultation with Native American Groups The City seeks to encourage participation of interested Native American groups in establishing guidelines for resource assessments and mitigation. These guidelines will include consultation and participation of the Native American community during archaeological excavation and construction on potential or identified prehistoric or Native American sites. If construction of a proposed project will unavoidably affect Native American traditional properties, cemeteries, or sacred sites, the City will request a list of contacts from the California Native American Heritage Commission and consult with interested Native American parties to establish a mutually agreeable resolution. Such a resolution may include such steps as recovery and museum curation of archaeological resources, or relocation and re- interment of human remains and of associated grave goods. Preserving Sacred Sites The City intends to ensure the protection of archaeological sites that may be culturally significant to Native Americans if the sites have religious or intrinsic value, even if the sites have compromised scientific or archaeological integrity due to disturbance. If a significant or unique archaeological resource cannot be left intact, then its character, nature, and unique features should be documented and preserved for the future. Native American traditional cultural properties including historical, cultural, and sacred sites and cemeteries on public land are explicitly protected by California Public Resources Code Section 5097.9. Similar protection is provided to such sites on both public and private land by California Public Resources Code Section 5097.993-5097.994, with criminal and civil penalties for acts of theft, deliberate destruction, or vandalism. i ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CR -36 CULTURAL RESOURCES Preservation Incentives Project applicants that avoid and preserve listed archaeological and cultural resources through site planning of open space, development of parks, and other similar conservation techniques may receive incentives related to density, parking requirements, grants and low interest loans, tax relief, and other benefits. The City will encourage voluntary contribution of conservation easements for listed archaeological resources, which may provide tax relief to the property owner. Celebrating our Cultural History The City will work toward recognizing the importance of Santiago Creek as an archeological resource, and incorporating appropriate elements of the Creek's cultural history in design of public spaces and recreational features surrounding the Creek. Beyond Santiago Creek, the City will strive to incorporate historical and cultural motifs significant in Orange history into the design of public projects and facilities such as parks, plazas, and community buildings. Materials recovered from archaeological excavations may be employed in interpretive displays in public buildings and may be used to enrich museum or archive holdings and exhibits. In addition, the City will encourage curation of cultural resources and artifacts for public education, appreciation, and interpretive programs. The City will assist in the preparation of short videos, pamphlets, books, and other media presentations documenting archeological excavations within the City. These resources can provide valuable additions to the Orange Public Library's Local History Collection. Library Services The Orange Public Library functions as an independent City department. The library system consists of three facilities: the Orange Public Library & History Center (Main Library), the Taft Branch Library, and the El Modena Branch Library. The City's role and preferred future strategies for providing library services are outlined in the City's Public Library Facilities Master Plan, which was adopted in October 2002 and extends to 2020. The objective for the Master Plan was to "address future facility needs of the Orange Public Library necessary to support the delivery of materials and services that the community needs, now and in the future." The Plan focuses on: identifying the libraries' existing strengths as well as opportunities; ensuring that all residents of Orange have reasonably convenient access to high quality library services; and exploring how existing and proposed facilities can expand their role as neighborhood civic places. The General Plan defers to the Library Master Plan to establish service standards, prioritize future system improvements, and secure financing for needed improvements. Goals and policies of this Element focus on broad strategies to guide future library services. The Library Master Plan will be updated in future years to be consistent with the policies and growth projections established in this General Plan. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CR -37 CULTURAL RESOURCES 9ffiNaliai The Main Library was greatly expanded in 2007, but the two branches are currently too small to adequately serve the City's growing population. The City will work to achieve the California State Library recommended standard of four volumes and 0.7 square feet of library space per capita. The City also plans to upgrade the two library branches to help improve services, library materials and programs. In order to improve community access to library services, and to better support library services and programs, the City will explore building a new library branch in east Orange and/or expanding the El Modena Branch. The City's library services will maintain the vision of service as a resource for education, enrichment, imagination, safety, and community - building. Through various programs and the use of library facilities, library services will also continue to be a resource in collaborative partnering with community organizations and businesses. CULTURAL RESOURCE & HISTORIC PRESERVATION IMPLEMENTATION The goals, policies, and plans identified in this Element are implemented through a variety of City plans, ordinances, development requirements, and capital improvements, and through ongoing collaboration and consultation with State and regional agencies, Native American groups, and neighboring jurisdictions. Specific implementation measures for this Element are contained in the General Plan Appendix. C 0 ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CR -38 amenamassacion IIM v CULTURAL RESOURCES Introduction and Vision for the Future 1 Purpose of the Cultural Resources Element 2 Scope and Content of the Cultural Resources Element 2 Relationship to Other Gensl Plan Elements 2 gin Legal Framework for Cultural Resource Protection 2 National Historic Preservation Act 3 California Register of Historical Resources 4 California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA)5 e, ._ " 0 C4 of Orange Historic Preservation Program 6 r .Figure'CR =1 Designated Historic Resources 7 Historic and Cultural Context 8 Patterns of Development and Architecture 8 Archaeological Resources 16 Orange's Public Library System 20 Issues, Goals, and Policies 20 Architecture and Community Character 20 Preserving Historic Neighborhood Character 21 Incentives and Education 22 Archaeological and Cultural Resources 22 Library Services 23 Cultural Resources Plan 23 Architecture and Community Character 24 Old Towne Orange 24 Eichler Homes 24 CR -25 Figure CR -2. Resources Recommended for Designation 27 Individual Resources 25 Preservation Tools 29 Preserving Historic Neighborhood Character 32 Neighborhood Character Areas 32 Incentives and Education 33 Certified Local Government Program 33 Development and Preservation Incentives 34 Public Education 34 Funding Historic Preservation 34 Archaeological Resources 35 Assessing Archaeological Resources in Project Design and Approval 35 Consultation with Native American Groups 36 Library Services 37 Cultural Resource Implementation 38 ORANGE GENERAL PLAN CR -39 1I c A NOE INFRASTRUCTURE t a ENERAL PLAN INTRODUCTION AND VISION FOR THE FUTURE Orange residents, businesses and visitors rely on public infrastructure to carry out their daily duties. Population growth and new development continues to increase demand for infrastructure services. The Infrastructure Element includes guidelines and policies that address this demand for the community's existing and future needs for public utilities and infrastructure. Infrastructure services discussed in this Element include water, sewer, and storm drain systems, and solid waste services. The Element also addresses "dry" utilities such as natural gas, electrical, telephone, data, and cable television services. Further, the Element discusses lifeline infrastructures, which connect Orange to outside services during an emergency. Availability of infrastructure determines growth patterns, density, and intensity of land use. Roadways are a critical part of the City's infrastructure system, providing for the movement of goods and services that support the local economy. The City maintains the local roadway system and supports efforts of the County, the California Department of Transportation Caltrans), and the Transportation Corridor Agencies (TCA) to maintain regional roadways serving the City. The Circulation & Mobility Element provides policies and plans for future maintenance and enhancement of the roadway circulation system. Infrastructure also provides water and roadways that support emergency fire, police, and medical response. The Public Safety Element provides policies and plans addressing these topics. Water, and access to water, has always been integral to the development of Orange. It is not by accident that the City is located at the intersection of the Santa Ana River and Santiago Creek. The City was incorporated in 1888 and the water system was privately owned until 1904, when it was purchased by the City. At that time, the domestic water supply came exclusively from wells or canals leading from the Santa Ana River. The water was used to irrigate the surrounding citrus groves and various agricultural crops. After World War II, growing residential, commercial, and industrial development forced the City to look elsewhere for an adequate water supply. In 1951, the City joined with five other water agencies to form the Municipal Water District of Orange County (MWDOC), which led to annexation to the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California (Metropolitan). The first pipeline of imported water was activated in 1 954. The City's Water Division, a part of the Department of Public Works (DPW), is responsible for providing clean, safe water to the City of Orange and for designing and constructing the system that supplies City residents and businesses with water. The City is a member agency of MWDOC, which in turn is a member agency of Metropolitan. This entitles the City to receive water from available Metropolitan sources. The City has a number of service 1 connection agreements with MWDOC whereby MWDOC will deliver water to the City as it ORANGE GENERAL PLAN INF -1 INFRASTRUCTURE receives water from Metropolitan in the amount requested by the City, subject to Metropolitan water availability. To meet its infrastructure needs, the Water Division collaborates with other jurisdictions, agencies, and service providers, including MWDOC, Metropolitan, Orange County Water District, Irvine Ranch Water District, Golden State Water Company, Serrano Water District, and East Orange County Water District. Water delivery requires a large number of sources and substantial coordination between agencies. The Lower Santa Ana River groundwater basin provides the main source of water for Orange, and is maintained by the Orange County Water District. The Infrastructure Element also addresses wastewater systems. Cities throughout Orange County, including the City of Orange, rely on the Orange County Sanitation District (OCSD) for the regional collection and treatment of domestic, commercial, and industrial sewage. Although OCSD operates a comprehensive regional system of collection mains and treatment plants, individual cities are responsible for installing and maintaining local collection facilities. The City also collaborates with other agencies in the development and maintenance of infrastructure facilities, including working with the Public Works Department of the County of Orange to maintain the Santa Ana River, Santiago Creek, and other flood control facilities not owned by the City. The City's DPW collaborates with private contractors for some services, such as the collection of solid waste, recyclable, and green waste materials and the disposal of household hazardous waste. "Dry" utilities, such as natural gas, telephone and data services, electricity, and cable television are serviced by contracted private agencies, including Southern California Edison Company, Southern California Gas Company, AT &T, Time Warner Cable and Cox Communications Orange County. Orange's Vision for the Future, described in the General Plan Introduction, recognizes the City's infrastructure as a key component, and includes the following objectives: Orange recognizes the importance of managing development in a manner that ensures adequate and timely public services and infrastructure and limits impacts on the natural environment. We will continue to protect our critical watersheds, such as Santiago Creek, and other significant natural and open space resources. Purpose of the Infrastructure Element Although the State does not require preparation of an Infrastructure Element, the City places high importance on its ability to meet infrastructure demands. The Infrastructure Element identifies and assesses existing and future needs of the City's growing population and of future proposed development within Orange. The intent of the Infrastructure Element is to consider the various infrastructure resources provided by public agencies and private purveyors, and to provide guidelines for current and future development to best utilize and improve infrastructure. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN INF -2 i LL 11111t. INFRASTRUCTURE Q Scope and Content of the Infrastructure Element The Infrastructure Element is comprised of three sections: 1) Introduction; 2) Issues, Goals, and Policies; and 3) Infrastructure Plan. The Issues, Goals, and Policies section provides guidance for the City to address current and future infrastructure needs of the community. The goals express general and broad statements describing the community's desires regarding infrastructure. The policies provide guidelines for local agencies to provide efficient, affordable, and adequate infrastructure to serve Orange. The Plan explains how the goals and policies will be achieved and implemented. Relationship to Other General Plan Elements Proposed infrastructure goals, policies and plans must be consistent with all other elements of the General Plan. The issues addressed in the Infrastructure Element relate most closely to the contents of the Land Use, Growth Management, and Housing Elements. The Land Use Element directs the location of current and future development that relies on available infrastructure. Furthermore, the Land Use Element establishes standards for use r''"'intensity, population density, and types of land uses that influence the design, layout, and funding sources for infrastructure. The Growth Management Element contains policies to ensure that growth is accompanied by needed capital facilities to properly address infrastructure needs concurrently with development. Growth Management Element policies ensure that new growth is managed in a way that does not overwhelm current infrastructure, or diminish the level and quality of services provided to current residents. The growth patterns and level of growth included in the Growth Management Element must be consistent with those of the Infrastructure Element. Similarly, the Housing Element relies on available infrastructure to guide new housing to suitable sites. ISSUES, GOALS, AND POLICIES The goals and policies of the Infrastructure Element address five key issues: (1) maintenance of the City's aging water, sewer, and storm drain infrastructure in the face of increased growth pressures; (2) provision of high - quality solid waste collection services and encouragement of recycling; (3) maintenance of right -of -way areas; (4) provision of adequate electricity, natural gas, telephone and data services, and other "dry" utilities; and 5) protection of lifeline infrastructure systems that meet the public health and safety needs of the City. i ORANGE GENERAL PLAN INF -3 r I VINFRASTRUCTURE Water Sewer, and Storm Drain Systems Protection and proper management of the storm drain infrastructure system is essential to prevent pollution of rivers, lakes, and the ocean by contaminants from urban runoff. A detailed discussion of water resource issues is provided in the Natural Resources Element. Infrastructure (including sewer, storm drain, and water lines, and solid waste collection and disposal services) must be sufficient to accommodate the present and future needs of the community. As infrastructure ages, or growth outpaces capacity, isolated failures represent a real problem. One of the most critical issues facing the City is how to improve and maintain infrastructure to protect water quality and supplies, ensuring that residents fully enjoy the health, economic, and social benefits that sound infrastructure systems provide. GOAL to:Ensure water, sewer, and storm drain systems that meet the needs of residents and businesses. Policy 1.1:Provide sufficient levels of water, sewer, and storm drain service throughout the community. Policy 1.2:Correct known deficiencies in the City's sewer, storm drain, and water systems and work toward environmentally sustainable systems. Policy 1.3:Promote water conservation programs aimed at reducing demands. Policy 1.4:Explore environmentally efficient infrastructure improvements such as the use of reclaimed water, maximizing percolation, and similar technologies. Policy 1.5:Investigate and carry out cost - effective methods to reduce storm water infiltration into the sewer system. Policy 1.6:Require that new developments fund fair -share costs associated with City provision of water, sewer, and storm drain service and are consistent with City and service provider plans to complete needed improvements and funding capacity for such improvements. Solid Waste Nearly everything we do leaves behind some kind of waste. Households create ordinary garbage, industrial and manufacturing processes create solid and hazardous waste, and construction activities create large chunks of debris and inorganic materials. Orange contracts with a private sector provider to collect solid waste, green waste, and recyclables. By actively recycling, reducing, and reusing waste, residents and businesses reduce the need for new landfills and incinerators, prevent the emission of many greenhouse gases and water pollutants, supply valuable raw materials to industry, and conserve land and natural resources. Y om. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN INF -4 nemiltate INFRASTRUCTURE GOAL 2.0:Reduce the amount of waste material entering regional landfills with an efficient and innovative waste management program. Policy 2.1:Provide sufficient levels of solid waste service throughout the community. Policy 2.2:Expand outreach and education regarding recycling opportunities to all City customers. Policy 2.3:Develop programs that encourage residents to donate or recycle surplus furniture, old electronics, clothing, and other household items rather than disposing of such materials in landfills. Policy 2.4:Expand outreach and education to all City customers regarding residential collection of household hazardous wastes including paint containers, electronics, household chemicals, motor oils, and pesticides. Public Rights — of — Way Maintaining safe, clean rights -of -way is important for promoting circulation and the public health and safety of Orange's residents. Through the DPW, the City provides street sweeping, tree trimming, graffiti removal, and installation and maintenance of street lights on public rights -of -way. The DPW also provides maintenance of and repair services for all public rights -of -way, including roadways, sidewalks, alleys, and other public property within Orange. GOAL 3.o:Ensure adequate maintenance of public rights -of -way to enhance public safety and improve circulation. Policy 3.1:Continue to maintain and repair sidewalks and pavement surfaces on public rights -of -way. Policy 3.2:Provide sufficient levels of street sweeping, landscaping, graffiti abatement, shopping cart and bulk item removal from streets, sidewalks alleys, and other public rights -of -way. Policy 3.3:Continue to design, install, and maintain signals, signage, street lights, and traffic control devices within rights -of -way. Policy 3.4:Investigate the feasibility of using energy- efficient street lights to conserve energy. Policy 3.5:Preserve and improve existing on- street bike paths within rights -of -way. Policy 3.6:Require that new developments fund fair -share costs associated with City provision of right -of -way maintenance services and are consistent with City and service provider plans to complete needed improvements and funding capacity for such improvements. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN INF -5 INFRASTRUCTURE Dry Utilities Dry utility services, such as electricity, natural gas, telephone and data services, and cable television both meet basic needs and enhance quality of life for Orange residents. These services are provided by independent entities that set their own service standards and facility improvement strategies. Demand for services and ability to serve new developments are generally determined on a case -by -case basis. The City works with service providers to ensure that City goals and service expectations are met for both current and future development. GOAL 4.o:Ensure adequate provision of electricity, natural gas, telephone and data services and cable television. Policy 4.1:Continue to work with dry utility service providers to ensure that the community's current and future needs are met. Policy 4.2:Continue to require utilities to be placed underground for new development. Policy 4.3:Promote the use of new and emerging communication technologies. Policy 4.4:Encourage integrated and cost - effective design and technology features within new development to minimize demands on dry utility networks. Lifeline Infrastructure Lifeline infrastructures, such as electric, water, gas, and telecommunications utilities and transportation systems, connect Orange to outside services during an emergency. Maintaining and protecting the City's lifeline infrastructure systems against damage from disasters is essential to ensuring the public health and safety of residents. Loss of electric, water, gas, and telecommunications services and transportation systems can not only severely impair police and fire agencies' efforts to respond to emergencies, it can also displace residents and economically impact businesses. The City works with regional agencies and utility service providers to ensure the system of lifeline infrastructures is maintained and retrofitted against disaster and against deterioration from increasing demands and long -term use. GOAL 5.o:Ensure lifeline infrastructure systems that meet the City's public health and safety needs. Policy 5.1:Continue to work with regional and federal agencies to ensure that infrastructure for transportation systems, water, gas, electricity, and telecommunications meet regional emergency preparedness standards. Policy 5.2:Work with utility service providers to create resiliency performance standards for water, gas, electricity, and telecommunications infrastructure. Policy 5.3:Identify engineering vulnerabilities in Lifeline utilities exposed to human - caused and natural hazards, including seismic activity, wildland fire, and flooding. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN Y INF-6 INFRASTRUCTURE Policy 5.4:Incorporate disaster mitigation strategies into the City's infrastructure master plans for retrofitting water, gas, electricity, telecommunications utilities, and transportation infrastructure. Policy 5.5:Review and limit the location and intensity of development and placement of lifeline infrastructure in identified earthquake fault zones. INFRASTRUCTURE PLAN The Infrastructure Plan documents current infrastructure conditions in the City, and assesses the projected future capacity of the infrastructure system. This includes the water systems, wastewater systems, storm drain systems, public rights -of -way, such dry utilities as electricity, gas service, and telephone and cable facilities, and lifeline infrastructure. Water, Sewer and Storm Drain Systems Orange's water, sewer, storm drain and solid waste management systems represent the City's hidden support network. Managing infrastructure can be a challenge because these services are often taken for granted. They are "forgotten" services in the sense that in Orange, when we turn on the faucet, direct our downspouts and yard drains away from the house, or place garbage out at the curb, it seems that clean water simply appears, rainwater drains, and garbage is taken away. These systems must be maintained to ensure that our infrastructure systems will not fail and public facilities will be available when we need them. The City's role and preferred future strategies for providing these services are outlined in infrastructure master plan documents prepared by the City and updated on an ongoing basis. These master plans provide detailed descriptions of each infrastructure system and prioritize future system improvements in response to projected future growth. The General Plan defers to the City's infrastructure master plans to establish service standards, prioritize future system improvements, and secure financing for needed improvements. Goals and policies of this Element focus on broad strategies to guide future infrastructure development. Each of the master plans will be updated in future years to be consistent with the policies and growth projections established in this General Plan. Water Systems The City's water supply comes from several sources: local groundwater basins, Northern California waters via the State Water Project, the Colorado River, local watersheds, reclamation, and water reuse projects. The City is a member agency of MWDOC, and MWDOC is a member agency of Metropolitan. Metropolitan supplies imported water to six Southern California counties, including Orange County. As a Metropolitan member, MWDOC represents the interests of its 29 member - agencies at the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California. The City of Orange is also a member of the Orange County Water District (OCWD). OCWD's primary responsibility is managing the vast groundwater basin under north and central ORANGE GENERAL PLAN INF -7 INFRASTRUCTURE kr Orange County. The Orange County Groundwater Basin is the main source of water supply for the City. The City obtains approximately 64 to 75 percent of its water from City -owned wells. The City purchases approximately 25 to 36 percent from Metropolitan through the MWDOC. In addition, the City purchases approximately 3 to 5 percent from the Serrano Water District. The OCWD, along with MWDOC and Metropolitan, carry out Tong -term water management planning, and provide public awareness, education, and water conservation activities on behalf of their member agencies. The following four water districts serve the City of Orange: Irvine Ranch Water District Golden State Water Company Serrano Water District East Orange County Water District (EOCWD) Figure INF -i shows the location of each District's service area within Orange's planning area. The Orange County Groundwater Basin is actively managed by OCWD and has a history of supporting between 64 percent and 75 percent of the City's water demand. The basin's management plan allows for drawdown during dry periods and for replenishment during normal or wet periods. The City does not anticipate current, short -term, or long term supply deficiencies in its ability to pump groundwater into the water system. The greatest challenge for water supply in the near future will be to meet the water needs of a growing population, particularly with projected population growth in not only the focus areas identified in the Land Use Element, but also in east Orange. The City of Orange completed an Urban Water Management Plan Update in 2010. In order to improve the reliability and efficiency of the ground water producing facilities and ultimately the water supply system, the City plans to replace older wells with more efficient wells. The new wells will provide the City with increased pumping capacity, though the amount of water produced from the wells will continue to be regulated by the Basin Production Percentage as set by OCWD in April of each year. The City will continue to analyze storage capacity needs and add additional storage as recommended in the Water Master Plan. The City will continue to implement the Water Master Plan and the Urban Water Management Plan and will update each Plan on an ongoing basis throughout the planning horizon of this General Plan. In Orange, runoff from local rainfall is the main source of recharge for the smaller basins, and accounts for some of the recharge of the groundwater basin. The amount of runoff recharge can only be estimated because it is highly variable. Most of the recharge of the basin is from Santa Ana River flows percolated instream or diverted to off - stream spreading basins operated by OCWD. OCWD will continue to develop new replenishment methods and supplies, as well as improve recharge capacity and implement basin protection programs to meet the projected demand from the basin during both normal and drought periods. Sewer Systems The City of Orange owns the local collection systems which feed regional trunk lines owned by OCSD.__OCSD is responsible for the treatment of residential, commercial and industrial sewage in Orange. Collected effluent is treated at Reclamation Plant No. 1 in Fountain Valley ORANGE GENERAL PLAN INF -8 J FdA di 0 Ir s cts s ` 7. 4._••,„,... I G)V I al a) py CO i t I 1 7 - -/ L 0 r -' Y N a. J V N I -- -.._ r 1 O . fr 44 a-+ r aj 0 _ T fi 1 is W ii f I L e P? 41 C C 5fee1 r - 1- d) u_ % a o. a I O cs v . r' {' r - > ` J4. il Q Uhf I 1 \ \ 1 0 T9 NLfVd 3• JNO210 zl ( 1• p 1 N ON S a) --- N N 1r' ij v;• y _ L Y gi ,.. 11: 11 z m 1 r t5 S3hY3FF, _ . y p tt0 Lam 3AH S3M3H F ! I N a l ' 1 4. 4 gr T I S 30VNVldS3 1 I U • ' I z i l- Iyl" i - r- 1,-- 16 ' r _. _. _ l y 1 R 1 tn. p N i r3AV103d9Oad L. r r — v i F I I I r I I r F J 1. a 1 r +.. r 7 S` v\r OJ VONVM z t d 1S AONVH 1S V921OA i.` 5, t - N 1 . P jog 1 iiirjr1 Io n, 1S N I.Sl1 t V w 1S NllSfll I w 1: ' 1S NI1Sf11 M MEW 111 ct w va O Q N t L, Q y L L U U r w+ a) u Q 1S 3 J01219Wtl0 g 1 auk.... 1S aJAAVHS aCOv p 1S l SSV19 n a V' 1 l 1S 113SSV a 3AV aNV Q a) Q t ,...„,„. H. 4 . 4 ,-, U N u l6ugmg pawed ad mue iTi I9 Q C . il .... 11 tj 4: NIV1 MI 0 0 O N S dOH) 103 5 5 L > 0 0 Q o @ ; r'.., p s d d I•+ c7 1 cc If 0 iL c n N a Q in En a, ,..._. 0 J V p 4 c9 3AV lO1SILIB U OA19 3 031100 31V1S a p I o O • O 0 a C b•• a) O j f0 ( p o b L l` s i"•' f , Sa nta F R ailroad 10e 1 y ' 1S SIM J Q m N O t- O ton N orthern p Q. ( 1) U U) z cc ti Bn din9 N, pa cific Ra ilroad 1S A1, 31niJI 1 N nion 1 v_ 0 g 0 C 0 w ti II I I z X Ad11111mm.wow 1.101111/11111111MON AgemilW INFRASTRUCTURE or Treatment Plant No. 2 in Huntington Beach. Though OCSD operates the regional collection mains and treatment plants, the City's DPW is in charge of the daily operation and maintenance of the local sewer collection system owned by the City. To respond to the increased need for sewage treatment in Orange County, OCSD needs to replace aging regional collection and treatment infrastructure and build additional secondary treatment facilities. A portion of the sewage fee charged to developers in the City of Orange will be paid to the OCSD for improvements of regional facilities, which are currently strained by the County's rapidly growing population. A Capital Facilities Capacity Charge, designed to fund improvements in the efficiency and effectiveness of OCSD operations, is applied to cities and developers for new residential, commercial, or industrial development and /or expansion of existing facilities. The City of Orange completed a Sewer Master Plan Update in 2003. In order to improve the reliability and efficiency of the sewer system, the City plans to replace older sewer lines. The new lines will maintain, and in some cases increase, the City's sewer line capacity, and provide adequate sewer collection for the future. The City has designated a loo -year life cycle for its sewer pipes, and hopes to replace systems that are nearly 100 years old. The City will continue to implement the Sewer Master Plan and will update the plan on an ongoing basis throughout the planning horizon of this General Plan. Storm Drain Systems Important issues to focus on regarding storm drains include ensuring adequate capacity necessary to collect and carry stormwater to avoid flooding, and reducing pollutant loads in stormwater as part of regional efforts to improve water quality in surface waters. Both the City and the County are responsible for managing the storm drain and flood control facilities in the City. The County of Orange Public Works Department provides for the planning, development, operation and maintenance of major flood control facilities on behalf of the Orange County Flood Control District on a County -wide basis. The City provides drainage for developments and ensures that storm drains properly feed into the regional drainage system. The City is also responsible for the operation and maintenance of stormwater facilities it owns_throughout Orange. In addition, the City is served by several existing stormwater facilities that are operated by other jurisdictions. The Santa Ana River, which generally marks the western boundary of the City, is the location of the largest regional facility in Orange County, maintained by the County of Orange Public Works Department. Twelve flood control channels located throughout the City are maintained by the County of Orange Public Works Department on behalf of the Orange County Flood Control District and County of Orange. Within the City, DPW is responsible for developing and implementing the Master Plan of Drainage (MPD) which identifies the City's storm drain facilities and deficiencies. The City of Orange last completed an update to the MPD in 1997. The biggest challenge facing the storm drain system in the future will occur as hillsides in relatively undeveloped east Orange are developed, causing storm water volumes to increase. As it is, existing development has led to current deficiencies in the drainage system. For this reason, a fair II share allocation method has been devised to spread the entire cost of the system across the ORANGE GENERAL PLAN INF -11 ja i j INFRASTRUCTURE d future development area. The City will continue to implement the MPD and will update it on an ongoing basis throughout the planning horizon of this General Plan. Solid Waste Within the City, solid waste collection is contracted to a private service provider. The City's contractor collects both solid and green waste (grass clippings, tree and shrub clippings), and items for recycling. Most waste is taken to one of the three landfills in Orange County: Olinda Alpha in Brea, the Frank R. Bowerman Landfill in Irvine, and the Prima Deshecha Landfill in San Juan Capistrano. The Orange County Integrated Waste Management Department (IWMD) owns and operates the landfills. The amount of hazardous household waste has increased in recent years with the widespread use of new technologies. Orange residents are responsible for disposing of hazardous household materials at any of the four Household Hazardous Waste Collection Centers in Orange County. As the definition of household hazardous waste continues to evolve as a result of rapidly changing technology, the City will endeavor to provide convenient opportunities for the proper disposal of such waste. The City's Solid Waste and Industrial Waste Ordinances regulate where solid and liquid wastes (including hazardous and industrial wastes) may and may not be deposited or discharged. Orange operates a curbside recycling program, and the City encourages residents and businesses to reduce the amount of solid wastes that enter the regional landfills. t Public Rights -of -Way The maintenance of public rights -of -way affects circulation, public safety, and pedestrian walkability. Broken sidewalks impede pedestrian mobility and deny access for disabled users. Uneven surface pavement slows vehicular mobility. Untended trees and shrubs can cause branches and tree limbs to fall onto the public right -of -way, potentially causing accidents and impairing nighttime visibility for pedestrians. Future maintenance of right -of -way infrastructure is closely tied to the City's projected mobility needs as discussed in the Circulation & Mobility Element. The City coordinates with the County through the Orange County Transportation Authority (OCTA) to accomplish its circulation and roadway infrastructure maintenance goals, and the City assumes responsibility for maintenance services of public rights -of -way within Orange. Through DPW, the City maintains all public rights -of -way, including streets, sidewalks, alleys, and on- street bicycle lanes. DPW installs street lights, provides tree trimming and street sweeping services, and responds to graffiti abatement requests. The Street Division maintains and repairs roadways and sidewalks, and performs weekly street sweeping services. The Traffic Engineering Division responds to street light repair requests, in addition to conducting weekly street light checks to identify and repair broken and malfunctioning street lights. DPW also responds to graffiti and tagging removal requests on public property, including public rights -of -way, and on private property adjacent to public rights -of -way. This department is also responsible for providing such landscaping services as tree trimming to L prevent and minimize debris and obstacles within rights -of -way. DPW follows the adopted ORANGE GENERAL PLAN INF -12 INFRASTRUCTURE Street Tree Master Plan that details City- approved species and sets the maintenance schedule and appropriate size of street trees. Through these services, the City will continue to ensure that public rights -of -way are safe, clean, and well maintained to provide improved mobility within Orange. Dry Utilities Dry utilities, such as electricity, natural gas, telephone, and cable enhance quality of life for Orange residents. These services are provided by independent entities that set their own service standards and facility improvement strategies. The City works with service providers to ensure that City goals and service expectations are met for both current and future development. Electricity Southern California Edison (SCE), an independently owned utility, provides electrical power service to the Orange planning area. SCE distributes electricity purchased through the California Power Exchange, which is the electricity marketplace for about 8o percent of California's electricity customers. The California Independent System Operator coordinates the scheduling and dispatch of electricity bought and sold through the power exchange, which is essentially a statewide grid of electricity generation and distribution. The rate of electricity consumption, generally referred to as demand or load, is what power grid operators are most concerned with when deciding whether electricity generation and transmission resources are adequate to serve consumers. Peak electricity demand is a measure of the largest electricity usage rate during the day, measured in megawatts. A single megawatt is generally enough power to meet the expected electricity needs of 1,000 typical California homes. Orange's peak demand typically occurs in August between 3 p.m. and 5 p.m. High temperatures during the summer months lead to increased use of air conditioning, which, in combination with industrial loads, commercial lighting, office equipment, and residential refrigeration, compose the major consumers of electricity during the peak demand period. Because electricity is not a storable commodity, the ability of electricity - generating and transmitting resources to provide electricity becomes an issue of the generation rate instead of total amount that may be consumed within a given time period. Recent summertime energy crises are an indication that peak energy demand will be an important future planning issue, particularly in Southern California. In order to meet future energy needs, SCE has developed several energy- efficiency programs for residential, non- residential, new construction, and low- income subscribers. These include rebate and cash incentive programs for completion of energy- efficiency projects in residences and businesses, providing energy- efficient solutions for new developments as well as programs that aid low- income customers to purchase energy- efficient refrigerators and outdoor lighting. SCE will continue to promote the resourceful use of energy, and in turn, a reduction in electricity bills. The City will fully support these strategies by SCE to encourage energy conservation, including adoption of a green building program. Refer to the Natural Resources Element for policies and discussion concerning green building techniques and other related energy conservation measures. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN INF -13 INFRASTRUCTURE Natural Gas California's gas supply is regionally diverse and includes supplies from both onshore and offshore sources, including the southwestern United States, the Rocky Mountains, and Canada. Gas pipelines serving the Orange planning area include the El Paso Natural Gas Company, Kern River Transmission Company, and Pacific Gas and Electric Company facilities. The Southern California Gas Company (The Gas Company) supplies natural gas to both businesses and residents within the Orange planning area. The Gas Company is a division of Sempra Energy, and is the largest natural gas utility in the nation. Southern California relies on a consistent supply of natural gas to meet residential, business, and industrial energy demand. Natural gas is also needed to produce electricity. Projected population growth in the region is expected to increase demand for natural gas. The Gas Company participates in the California Energy Star New Homes Program, a performance - based program that provides builders with incentives for developments that use at least 15 percent less energy than standards set forth in the 2001 California Energy Efficiency Standards. The City will continue to support The Gas Company in these and other efforts to improve energy efficiency. Telephone The Orange planning area is within the service area of AT &T. AT &T has existing telephone facilities within or adjacent to each of the land use focus areas described in the Land Use Element, and fiber optic lines in Santiago Canyon Road and Jamboree Road to help serve future development in east Orange. The City will continue to work with AT &T and other telephone service providers to ensure high quality telephone and data services are provided to current and future residents. A variety of wireless service providers offer telephone and internet service within the City, and operate an established and growing network of wireless facilities. The City will continue to work with wireless providers to ensure provision of a high quality system while minimizing impacts of wireless facilities on the character of established areas. Cable Services The Orange planning area is within the service area of Time Warner Cable and Cox Communications Orange County (Cox). Time Warner is the major cable provider in the City. Cox serves portions of east Orange. Both Time Warner Cable and Cox are full- service providers of telecommunication products, including digital television programming, local and long- distance telephone services, high -speed Internet, and commercial voice and data services. The City will continue to work with Time Warner, Cox, and other service providers to ensure that high quality television and data services are provided to current and future residents. Lifeline Infrastructure Roadway systems and water, gas, electrical, and telecommunications services, make up the City's system of lifeline infrastructure. These utilities provide critical services to the community, and disruption or loss of service can create delays for police and fire agencies in ORANGE GENERAL PLAN INF -14 INFRASTRUCTURE responding to emergencies, place residents at risk of harm, and hurt the regional economy. Seismic activity, flooding, and wildland fire are particular risks for the City's lifeline infrastructure. Ground shaking, amplification, landslides, and liquefaction from seismic activity can cause water and gas pipes to break, dams to fail, and power lines to come down. Disruption of telephone and radio service impedes communication and dissemination of critical information, and road closures can create delays in providing supplies or services after an emergency. A detailed discussion of the City's risk for natural hazards and plans for emergency response is presented in the Public Safety Element. As part of its efforts to prevent, mitigate, and plan for hazards, Orange works with regional agencies to prepare infrastructure mitigation plans. In accordance with the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000, which establishes state and local government infrastructure mitigation planning requirements for federal damage assistance, Orange coordinates with regional public agencies and private utility service providers to prepare hazard mitigation plans and ensure proper maintenance and retrofitting of lifeline infrastructures. The City participates in the Orange County Hazard Mitigation Task Force, which is responsible for preparing a countywide Hazard Mitigation Plan (HMP). The HMP identifies and profiles hazard risks, assesses vulnerabilities in countywide infrastructure, and analyzes development trends to identify future maintenance needs of critical infrastructure and services. The City also works with MWDOC in its planning and implementation of the Regional Water and Wastewater Multi- Hazard Mitigation Plan, which formulates mitigation plans for regional water facilities in the County, including those found within the City. In addition to preparing for and implementing rapid repair plans to go into effect after an emergency, the City addresses non - emergency threats to lifeline infrastructure. Changes over time can cause vulnerabilities to lifelines. The City of Orange prepares a municipal Emergency Operations Plan in coordination with the City's infrastructure master plans to establish service standards, prioritize future system improvements, and secure financing for needed improvements for infrastructure. DPW provides maintenance and repairs for roadway facilities, sewer and storm drain systems, and water systems including wells, pumps, water lines and reservoirs. Private dry utility service providers are responsible for following state and federal safety guidelines and for maintaining and repairing dry utilities during an emergency. The City will continue to work with regional planning agencies and private utility service providers to ensure that lifeline infrastructure systems meet the highest public health and safety standards for hazard prevention and mitigation. INFRASTRUCTURE IMPLEMENTATION The goals, policies, and plans identified in this Element are implemented through a variety of City plans, ordinances, development requirements, capital improvements, and ongoing collaboration with regional agencies and neighboring jurisdictions. Specific implementation measures for this Element are contained in the General Plan Appendix. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN INF -15 ECONOMIC N E DEVELOPMENT ENE. PIAN INTRODUCTION AND VISION FOR THE FUTURE Orange is recognized as a desirable area in which to do business, and therefore supports and sustains a diverse range of businesses in the City's distinct industrial, commercial, institutional, and office areas. This diversity in the business climate reflects the gradual transition of Orange from an agricultural community served by rail to its position for many years as an outer -ring suburb of the rapidly growing Los Angeles metropolitan area, to its position today at a major crossroads of Orange County, at the convergence of major freeways, and serviced by a major commuter rail line. The City's economic environment cultivates and promotes both large corporate enterprises as well as smaller business entrepreneurs. At the outset of the 21st century, Orange's economic development strategies focus on preserving jobs and maintaining a diverse economic base. To maintain the City's economic diversity, Orange encourages light manufacturing and industrial uses in the northwestern area, and larger institutional, corporate office and retail C uses in the southwestern portion. The City provides opportunities for boutique and family - owned stores in Old Towne Orange, as well as in key commercial areas along Tustin Street, Katella Avenue, Chapman Avenue, and Lincoln Avenue, where regional and national retailers can also be found. Orange will continue to encourage educational and medical institutions and other industries that bring higher wage employment opportunities. The City also draws revenues from entertainment and hospitality industries. Encouraging continued economic development in Orange will require a coordinated response to strong demands for industrial and commercial businesses. In addition, it will require provision of attractive, vibrant, and safe retail centers, and promotion of mixed -use developments in walkable environments. Understanding that the City will soon be a fully developed community facing competition from its neighbors, Orange will continue to support economic development activities through consolidation and redevelopment of properties and through adaptive reuse and rehabilitation of older buildings. The Economic Development Element outlines goals and policies that promote sustainable, market - driven economic growth and activity without compromising the City's identity, heritage, or the quality of life of those who live, work, and play in Orange. I ORANGE GENERAL PLAN ED - 1 ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT w a ._ Orange's Vision for the Future, described in the General Plan Introduction, describes the importance of finding an appropriate balance between residential, commercial, and industrial demands. The vision encourages the City's retail districts to seek incremental improvement, and promotes visually attractive commercial development, active public areas, high quality streetscapes, and innovative design within the public realm along major thoroughfares such as Chapman Avenue, Tustin Street, Katella Avenue, and Main Street. The vision includes the following objectives related to economic development: The City will strive to provide for a range of businesses including small, family -owned businesses and larger businesses that serve a regional market. The appearance and variety of commercial, retail, industrial, and employment centers will reflect the pride that residents have for Orange, as well as the long -term investments the City has made in its infrastructure. Orange will tap into the entertainment and hospitality markets by enabling development of high quality facilities strategically located near other regional tourist draws. Orange will continue to support educational and medical institutions and other industries that provide high paying jobs and are major contributors to the community. Purpose of the Economic Development Element The purpose of the Economic Development Element is, first, to identify desirable economic development conditions and land uses that will enhance and promote business activity, employment growth, and economic stability. Second, it provides goals and policies that will foster economic growth and increase employment opportunities. The goals and policies established in the Element are intended to cultivate economic growth and fiscal improvement, while providing a flexible framework that adjusts to changes in the marketplace. This Element creates a framework for the City in which to initiate specific strategies and implementation programs. The Economic Development Element outlines economic strategies that allow the City to attract new businesses, promote retention and expansion of existing businesses, maintain a strong economic base, establish and reinforce its image and identity within the region, and identify future needs for infrastructure and capital facilities to foster new economic development opportunities. By analyzing the City's General Fund expenditures and recurring revenues, this Element establishes policies focused on improving the City's financial well- being. Based on land uses set forth in the Land Use Element, this Element generally addresses the City's expected range of fiscal benefits (e.g., property tax, sales tax, and other revenue sources). Likewise, this Element outlines the anticipated General Fund operating expenditures (e.g., police and emergency services, fire protection, public works, community services, and general government services) that the City can expect. Economic Development Element policies also support the provision of housing suitable for Orange's workforce. Scope and Content of the Economic Development Element The Economic Development Element forms the basis for the City's overall economic policy related to business activity, employment growth, and fiscal balance. The Economic x.'— r^Xda e41.. T ORP.NGE GENERAL PLAN ED -2 ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Development Element addresses employment stability and existing business retention, and encourages development of programs to recruit new businesses. Economic development policies can help preserve the culture and establish or refine the identity of commercial corridors and surrounding neighborhoods by retaining businesses that give character to the community. These policies can also help maintain a wide range of goods, services, and activities, and respond to local and regional commercial, retail, and industrial demands. The scope of the Economic Development Element also includes discussion regarding the types and intensities of land uses within key focus areas, addresses their appropriateness given forecasted market conditions, and discusses the role that land use policy plays in the economic health and stability of the community. The Economic Development Element is not a required element under State General Plan law. Nevertheless, the City recognizes the integral role and relationship that economic development has with the other elements of the General Plan in maintaining a high quality business and residential environment, and in promoting fiscal stability in Orange. The Economic Development Element consists of three sections: 1)Introduction 2) Issues, Goals, and Policies 3) Economic Development Plan This Introduction describes the Element's intent, organization, and relationships to other General Plan elements. Issues describe the key economic trends and factors that contribute to the economic growth and development of the community. Goals describe ideal outcomes regarding Orange's economy as expressed by both private and public interests, and Policies provide recommendations to achieve the stated goals. The goals and policies are purposefully general. They establish a framework for more detailed implementation programs, initiatives, and strategies, which can be revised on an ongoing basis, responding to changes in market conditions or the City's needs. The Economic Development Plan generally explains the programs that can be implemented according to Economic Development Element policies. Detailed descriptions of the various implementation programs recommended within this Element can be found in an Appendix to the General Plan. Relationship to Other General Plan Elements The contents of all the General Plan elements are complementary and must be integrated to provide comprehensive and consistent guidelines. The issues, goals and policies addressed within the Economic Development Element are correlated with those in the Land Use, Growth Management, Infrastructure, Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation, Circulation Mobility, Urban Design, and Housing Elements. Together, these elements address and minimize barriers to economic growth such as inadequate infrastructure or transportation systems, or physical conditions that may discourage investment in the City. The Land Use Element describes development within the built environment, such as land use designations, types of activities allowed, and densities /intensities for various locations in the City's planning area. The Land Use Element sets forth plans to refine, and in some cases ORANGE GENERAL PLAN ED -3 ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT 0 y intensify, land uses within eight focus areas, some of which are located along many of the City's most traveled roadway corridors. The focus areas, and the proposed land use plans within them, are designed to maximize the economic potential of long untapped or underutilized resources within the Cj such as commuter rail, Chapman University, medical centers near South Main Street and on East Chapman Avenue, and freeway and transit access. Economic development and growth within these areas is enabled by the General Plan land use plan, and is the key to achieving the Tong -term fiscal objectives of the City. The goals and policies of the Growth Management and Infrastructure Elements ensure adequate circulation and infrastructure capacity to mitigate any undesired effects of growth by monitoring and phasing development, so it is concurrent with provision of infrastructure. Since many of the goals and policies expressed in these elements are implemented through tax revenues received by the City, the content of the Economic Development Element correlates directly to funding of public services. Business retention efforts of the Economic Development Element recognize the need to preserve the identity and culture of the City. Since much of the fundamental charm and attraction of Orange lies in the preservation of cultural and historical identity, the Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation Element should be read as a companion to this Element. Road capacity goals and policies addressed in the Circulation & Mobility Element also affect the type and mix of uses identified in the Economic Development Element. Changes in land use policy that promote economic development goals may result in congestion and reduce quality of life for residents, if not serviced with adequate road capacity. Physical deterioration of an area may discourage investors and developers from continuing business there. The appearance of industrial, commercial, and retail properties and streetscapes reflects the level of community pride and stewardship of Orange, and conveys a message about the quality of the community. For this reason, the contents of the Urban Design Element are coordinated with those of the Economic Development Element. The ability to attract new employers and to further develop existing ones is dependent on the provision of housing options that can accommodate a range of users. The Housing Element provides an assessment of suitable locations for residential in -fill development, identifies barriers to the development of affordable housing, and establishes policies and programs that direct infrastructure investments to support residential growth. ISSUES GOALS AND POLICIES Recognizing that economic development is a multi- faceted process that responds to changing demographic trends, the goals and policies of the Economic Development Element address seven issues: (i) maintaining fiscal diversity and balance among land uses; (2) retaining and expanding retail businesses and attracting new retail businesses to the City; (3) removing barriers to economic development; (4) improving the appearance of the City's commercial, industrial, and office corridors; (5) strengthening the City's economic base and stimulating employment growth; (6) ensuring the adequacy of technology and utility infrastructure to support businesses; and (7) providing adequate local housing for employees. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN ED -4 ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Q Fiscal Diversity and Balance Orange's local economy has expanded rapidly in recent years, diversifying in both services and retail sales. The following goals and policies allow the City to continue to promote a diverse range of retail, commercial, institutional, and industrial businesses, and to achieve a balance between revenue generation and service demands of land uses. GOAL 1.0 Sustain a diversified economic base and strong fiscal stability. Policy 1.1:Provide for and uses that allow a variety of retail, service, manufacturing, institutional, office, and recreational businesses to locate in Orange. Policy i.2:Retain the small, independent business character of Old Towne and other areas where smaller, family -owned businesses flourish, while accommodating national and regional retailers along major commercial corridors, and encouraging corporate headquarters and offices in the City's prominent office and commercial areas. Policy 1.3:Retain industrial land for businesses that provide jobs for manufacturing and processing of goods and create local revenue sources. Policy 1.4:Encourage physical expansion of manufacturing operations and research and development businesses within light industrial and manufacturing areas. Policy 1.5:Encourage new development and businesses that supplement smaller components of the City's retail base, such as apparel retailers, food stores, and home furnishings and appliances. Policy 1.6:Continue to utilize redevelopment as a financing tool for City- initiated revitalization and to encourage and promote private investment. Policy 1.7:Pursue a variety of funding approaches, including grants, impact fees, assessments, and transportation funds in order to support public services, municipal programs, and capital investments that support City businesses. Retail Business Retention and Expansion Current employment trends indicate that retail activity ranks second to service industry in Orange. Both large corporate retailers and smaller independent businesses have been part of Orange for decades. To retain existing businesses, to encourage new retail developments and emerging industries, and to respond to changing community demographics, the City will work with both types of property owners to renovate and improve the appearance of existing retail centers. The City will increase development potential within key retail corridors to provide additional capacity for anticipated retail growth. GOAL 2.0 Cultivate a business environment that is conducive and appealing to the commercial and retail industry, including smaller entrepreneurs. Policy 2.1:Encourage public - private partnerships that will support business and employment growth. Q Policy 2.2:Increase local tax revenues by providing performance -based financial assistance to new and existing businesses in Orange. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN ED -5 ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Policy 2.3:Periodically evaluate local sales tax, transient occupancy tax, business license fees, and building permit fees to determine the effect of fees on local businesses, or as a deterrent to new businesses, as well as to ensure adequate revenues for the City. Policy 2.4:Maintain adequate infrastructure, transportation systems, and physical conditions that encourage retailers to invest in the City. Policy 2.5:Encourage retention of existing retail businesses that will complement, and /or locate within, new or larger retail businesses or centers. Commercial and Industrial Base As of 2005, about 4o percent of people employed in Orange worked in the service industry, and around 10 percent worked in the manufacturing industry. In other words, nearly half of the employment force in Orange works in the service and manufacturing sectors. The City seeks to meet the needs of commerce and industry by strengthening and expanding the existing economic base. The proposed land uses described in the Land Use Element are anticipated to result in approximately 70.6 million square feet of nonresidential development at build -out, 35.7 million square feet more than current conditions. In addition, the Land Use Element advocates creation of a variety of mixed -use environments ranging from neighborhood -scale to urban scale. GOAL 3.o Strengthen the City's economic base and stimulate employment through new commercial and industrial development and expansion. Policy 3.1:Utilize the City's Redevelopment resources to help make commercial and industrial construction and development financially feasible. Policy 3.2:Encourage public and private sector investments that promote commercial development and expansion opportunities. Policy 3.3:Provide a venue for businesses to discuss economic issues and opportunities and to inform the public of various economic development and redevelopment programs. Policy 3.4:Encourage higher density residential and mixed -use projects to provide a community -based workforce and market for industrial and commercial areas. Encouraging Economic Development Although the primary development of Orange has largely already taken place, the City can maximize its economic potential by identifying development opportunities on vacant or underutilized properties. The City can increase revenue and expand its employment base by refining development intensity within focus areas and by providing fiscal, zoning, infrastructure, and environmental support for business expansion. A key part of achieving a strong business climate and potential redevelopment of sites is to establish a friendly, professional environment to attract and retain businesses. Marketing and business outreach through various communication channels with both commercial tenants and property ORANGE GENERAL PLAN ED - 6 4111111.111113.waft* ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Q owners is vital. Available programs need to be flexible and should have the ability to adapt quickly to opportunities so as to retain important revenue - generating businesses in the community. GOAL 4.o Encourage economic development efforts through outreach and maintenance of a pro- active business environment. Policy 4.1:Monitor land uses by business type ranging from entertainment to industrial uses to help identify citywide growth opportunities and target markets. Policy 4.2:Through land use policy and redevelopment efforts, work to reduce deficiencies within prominent commercial corridors such as vacant and underutilized land, irregularly shaped lots, deteriorated or outdated public improvements and facilities, traffic congestion, excessive noise, poor air quality, and deficient parking. Policy 4.3:Where appropriate, consolidate inadequately sized land or land owned by multiple owners into parcels suitable for integrated development with improved pedestrian and vehicular circulation. Policy 4.4:Maintain an active presence in the business community and engage in outreach efforts with property owners, tenants, brokers, community stakeholders, and local residents. Policy 4.5:Encourage an environmentally friendly business atmosphere that maintains local regulations favorable to clean industry, and provides assistance to industries seeking to comply with environmental regulations. Aesthetic Improvements The appearance of industrial, commercial, and retail properties and of the City as a whole reflects Orange's level of community pride and stewardship. Financial assistance for property and facade improvements will provide an incentive for private reinvestment in businesses, which in turn can increase City sales tax revenues which can be reinvested in infrastructure. Aesthetic improvements may include signage, landscaping, and facade renovation on private properties as well as rehabilitation of public rights -of -way and context - oriented street lighting. These types of improvements will enhance the image of the City's business districts for visitors and residents, and will improve business conditions in Orange. GOAL 5.o Improve economic viability of business districts through aesthetic enhancement, reconstruction, rehabilitation, and elimination of physical deterioration. Policy 5.1:Eliminate and prevent physical deterioration and economic obsolescence by implementing the Orange Merged and Amended Redevelopment Plan. Policy 5.2:Improve the long -term economic viability of Katella Avenue, Chapman Avenue, and Tustin Street by promoting upgrades to facades and aesthetics of retail properties, as well as the streetscape in the public right -of -way. Policy 5.3:Improve the Tong -term economic viability of Old Towne, South Main Street, Katella Avenue, Uptown Orange, The Outlets at Orange, and the Town and ORANGE GENERAL PLAN ED -7 ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT r c Country Road area by introducing mixed -use residential, commercial, and office projects that are visually and economically compatible with their surroundings. Policy 5.4:Redevelop and rehabilitate underutilized and vacant lands and public rights - of -way to stimulate development, and consider conversion of vacant lands to community amenities. Policy 5.5:Develop design guidelines, as needed, to encourage attractive development and clear signage, without increasing costs or barriers to economic development. Infrastructure Economic growth depends on provision of adequate infrastructure. Office, educational, and institutional facilities rely on the Internet and fiber -optic technology to transmit information and maintain daily business operations. Retail, commercial, and industrial businesses rely on well- maintained road, sewer, and water infrastructure to transport goods, support operations, and maintain a strong customer base. Provision and maintenance of needed utilities and infrastructure will ensure Tong -term economic growth while improving efficiency and productivity of businesses. GOAL 6.o Provide sufficient infrastructure to support anticipated economic development and growth. Policy 6.1:Provide and maintain infrastructure adequate to support growth and expansion of commercial, industrial, and institutional areas, including water, sewer, streets, curbs, gutters, sidewalks, storm drains, access, and parking improvements. Policy 6.2:Provide public improvements to support commercial, industrial and institutional uses. Housing for Employees Future uses proposed in the Land Use Element may result in about 66,85o housing units in Orange's planning area. Much of the new housing will be part of mixed -use projects located near expanding retail, commercial, and office areas. To provide an affordable supply of housing for those employed in the City, development incentives will be allotted to developers who include affordable workforce housing, consistent with the provisions of the City's Housing Element. Since mixed -use developments combine housing and jobs in proximity to each other, they improve the ability of Orange residents to live closer to work, entertainment, and amenities, and could significantly decrease travel expenses and time lost to commuting, all ultimately improving quality of life in the community. GOAL 7.o Encourage development and preservation of affordable workforce housing to increase housing opportunities and improve quality of life for workers in Orange. Policy 7.1:Identify and market sites appropriate for housing development for all income groups that will support adjacent commercial development. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN ED - 8 r nom.:. iiimmmillm lir ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT e"Policy 7.2:Encourage mixed -use developments to provide housing close to employment hubs for employees in all income segments and household types. ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PLAN Orange provides a wide range and diversity of commercial, industrial, and institutional activities to local and regional consumers while maintaining its local culture and identity. The City benefits from proximity to major freeways and access to neighboring communities in the County of Orange. The City's commercial districts and regional shopping centers are attractions for local tourists seeking a retail, dining, and entertainment destination. Two such destinations are The Block at Orange and the City's Old Towne area, which is recognized as the largest historic district in California. The City's economic health and continued growth will generate revenue and allow for funding increases to support public services and infrastructure. Orange will continue to attract visitors and enhance the quality of life of its residents by building on existing assets that include the City's location, the historic charm of Old Towne, commuter rail, regional medical centers, educational institutions, and substantial natural areas. Part of the City's economic development efforts will focus on identifying underutilized and vacant sites for development, and renovating and rehabilitating older or dilapidated buildings. Redeveloping blighted areas will also expand development opportunities. By carefully analyzing types of uses that generate revenue and demand for public services, and by implementing programs to address the needs of the business community, Orange will 0 continue to grow and develop economically without compromising its character and charm. To strengthen the City's economic profile, the City will: encourage mixed -use developments in strategic locations along and near major arterial corridors; continue to promote a diverse range of land uses that will sustain a strong economic tax base for the community; create a communication strategy to highlight economic development achievements and opportunities; conduct economic development and redevelopment workshops for the business community, including brokers, developers and community members; support continued growth of commercial, institutional, and industrial businesses that contribute both high -wage employment opportunities and point -of -sales revenues; and provide policies that guide City decision makers through the budget process. Focus Area Objectives The Economic Development Plan works within provisions of the Land Use Element that establish mixed -use areas, refining and in some cases increasing the development capacity of commercial and industrial areas. Targeting key focus areas in the City allows specific planning C .'to enhance economic development activities. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN ED -9 ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Each focus area presents varying constraints and opportunities that guide different approaches to land use and economic development objectives. Following is a summary of specific objectives for each area. Detailed descriptions of each area and maps depicting proposed land uses in each area are contained in the Land Use Element. Chapman Avenue /Tustin Street Emphasize continued commercial and multiple - family residential designations west of State Route (SR) 55• Promote viable open space recreation uses of Yorba Park, Grijalva Park, and Santiago Creek. Allow potential future commercial uses on the Yorba Park and OUSD Education Center sites in conjunction with on- or off -site parkland improvements. Maintain hospital and medical office uses at the Chapman Hospital site and allow for compatible integrated retail, housing, and civic uses. Katella Avenue Corridor Establish an active, vibrant, urban mixed -use gateway to the City featuring high- density residential uses. Capitalize on development of expanded entertainment uses and housing across the Santa Ana River in Anaheim. Enhance retail options and convenience throughout west Orange. Maintain Katella Avenue's commercial nature with neighborhood -scale mixed -use developments that transition into adjacent residential areas. South Main Street Corridor Encourage compatible and integrated residential, commercial, and office uses. Encourage compatible and integrated residential, commercial, and office uses, either as multiple -story projects with ground -floor retail, or as stand -alone projects. Encourage pedestrian connections to transit along surrounding arterial corridors, as well as adjacent shopping and hospital facilities. Promote development of a medical corridor that capitalizes on existing hospital and medical uses. West Chapman Avenue /Uptown Orange Encourage integrated commercial retail, professional and medical office, housing, and civic uses. Provide convenient transit access, innovative housing options, and pedestrian- oriented design. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN ED -10 dil' ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Require new development projects to provide community open space areas and retain or improve access to the Santa Ana River Trail. Old Towne and Santa Fe Depot Reduce residential densities in many areas of Old Towne. Continue to protect and enhance Old Towne's historic character. Introduce neighborhood -scale mixed -use along Glassell Street and Chapman Avenue and adjacent to the Burlington Northern /Santa Fe (BNSF) railroad. Encourage the adaptive re -use of existing industrial /commercial areas and the creation of transit - oriented developments around the historic Santa Fe Depot. Maintain and enhance Old Towne's walkability. Provide for continued use and enhancement of the civic center, including City Hall and the Orange Public Library & Local History Center. Industrial Areas Decrease the maximum allowed intensity within areas located west of Batavia Street and generally south of Grove Avenue to help discourage professional office uses within this area in favor of true industrial uses. Provide room for expansion of current businesses and infill of vacant properties in remaining portions of this area by increasing the maximum allowed development intensity. Preserve the single - family residential character of the Cully Drive neighborhood. Lemon Street Corridor Establish a corridor of well - insulated, higher density residential uses, gradually transitioning, from west to east into a single - family residential area. Eckhoff Street /Orangewood Avenue Recognize the potential of areas north of Orangewood Avenue to continue to provide options for lower -scale office uses and business -park oriented light industrial uses, as well as warehouse and distribution uses. Expand current neighborhood -scale office activities along Orangewood Avenue. Fiscal Diversity and Balance According to projections published by California State University, Fullerton's Center for Demographic Research (OCP 2006), Orange County's population is projected to grow by approximately 15 percent between 2006 and 2030. The number of jobs within the County is projected to grow by approximately 22 percent within this same timeframe. To accommodate this anticipated regional growth, demand for both office and retail space will increase. According to OCP 2006, Orange's population is expected to increase 16 percent and employment is expected to increase by about 8 percent. Most of the new population will be distributed between higher density infill mixed -use developments within the western ORANGE GENERAL PLAN ED -11 ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT portions of the City, or in newer suburban environments in east Orange. Because most of the anticipated retail and commercial growth will result from intensification of existing commercial nodes, such projected residential development will strengthen the market. The City will encourage mixed -use developments, including projects with affordable rental housing and businesses that complement the jobs available in Orange. Redevelopment Dissolution In 1983, the Orange Redevelopment Agency established the Tustin Street Redevelopment Project Area. In subsequent years, the Southwest Redevelopment Project Area (1984) and the Northwest Redevelopment Project Area (1988) were established. In 2001, the Agency Board approved a comprehensive plan amendment which merged the three project areas into one, which is now known as the Orange Merged and Amended Redevelopment Project Area. Figure ED -1 identifies the location and boundaries of the Merged Project Area. Economic development and redevelopment activities in a project area were funded primarily with property "tax increment" dollars. When a project area was formed, property taxes within that area are frozen at a base year. Tax dollars below this base year are distributed to taxing agencies such as county, fire, and school districts as if the redevelopment project area did not exist. When property taxes within the project area increase as a result of increased property values, the amount over the frozen base year is referred to as "tax increment." In 2011, Assembly Bill Xi 26 came into effect which dissolved redevelopment agencies as of February 1, 2012 and a Successor Agency was created for each former redevelopment agency. The responsibility of the Successor Agency to the Orange Redevelopment Agency (Successor Agency) is to facilitate redevelopment wind -down activities. Economic Development Activities Economic development covers a wide spectrum of activities focused toward creation and maintenance of a healthy local economy including: business retention; encouraging expansion and growth of new business; exploring new opportunities to attract new start -up businesses; and, encouraging job retention and promoting new job creation. Enhancing and maintaining the City's economic base through increased sales and property tax dollars to the City's General Fund area also essential economic development efforts to sustain delivery of services to residents and businesses. Assembly Bill 562 and Sales Tax Sharing Program In 103, the State Legislature and Governor Brown approved Assembly Bill 562 (AB 562) which went into effect on January 1, 2014. This new legislation provided expanded flexibility for local agencies and cities to create and retain jobs as well as incentivize business retention and attraction efforts through sales tax sharing and other financial assistance. The City's Sales Tax Sharing Program provides for economic development incentives whereby the City and the owner of an existing or new business that generates sales tax revenue to the benefit of the City may enter into a Participation Agreement. These agreements would occur when businesses desire to: ORANGE GENERAL PLAN ED -12 r co 1' 11 44 %. et 1 1 t . “"" . 1V ;I 41100•.. 4 1kJ N..... ,...... . A. N........ j CI) V4. 1•• 01... 1 ca- N 4... 1 C i a) 1 E Ar e \ I 0 0.. N NN . N,_____---- I E \ I j i 04, CI) L. 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Generate a minimum of $io million in annual tax sales to the City. Business Development and Outreach The Business Enhancement Support Team (BEST Team) works to eliminate development constraints of environmental, physical, or economic origin through public collaboration and assisting private partnerships through a streamlined entitlement process. The BEST Team works to understand private development and investment toward public infrastructure improvements, and seeks to stimulate economic growth through property upgrades and job creation. These objectives also emphasize the need to strengthen the City's economic base by identifying specific economic opportunities, promoting incentive programs, and facilitating business development. Additionally, in the area of business development the City will continue to monitor property conditions throughout the community over time, and through ongoing business outreach with local brokers will evaluate areas and /or territory, and will promote development of high quality live -work mixed -use projects within focus areas designated for mixed -use development. Fiscal Balance Cities achieve fiscal balance by effectively budgeting and managing revenues and d J 1 " =' 1 i- expenditures. Policies that encourage diverse revenue sources and that monitor costs will vieensureastrong, sustainable economic base in I i Orange. Achieving fiscal balance means j capturing sufficient tax revenue to support r: public services. In Orange, fiscal balance will require strengthening underrepresented f ., . -, ' economic sectors that bring revenue to the City. To minimize local economic downturns due to heavy reliance on a limited number of market Orange will continue to encourage attraction and retention of small, independent entrepreneurs as sectors, Orange will continue to promote the part of its long -range economic strategy. diversity of businesses already present in the City. Revenues General Fund revenues are collected from taxes and are used to provide local government services such as public safety, planning and building services, park maintenance, library and recreation services, and other expenditures not required by law to be restricted to a separate ORANGE GENERAL PLAN ED -15 IMPLEMENTAT ION n I Plans, Permits, Procedures, Agreements, and Ordinances Administered by the City Program I -1 Zoning Code Update The City will update, revise and /or establish new zoning standards to implement policies in the Land Use, Noise, Urban Design, and Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation Elements. All future updates to the Zoning Code will include an active public participation process. Until such time as the City adopts the Zoning Ordinance amendments, all new development shall comply with the standards set forth in the current Zoning Code, or the standards established through a development agreement or specific plan for a particular development project. The City will update design standards for Old Towne and the Southwest Redevelopment Project Area, and develop new streetscape standards to implement its mixed -use land use objectives. The zoning code revisions will designate buffer zones and transitional areas to minimize land use incompatibilities between single - family residential areas and intensified commercial operations and mixed -use development. The Zoning Code revisions do not specify changes regarding noise in mixed -use areas; however, Implementation Program I -30, Noise Ordinance," seeks to minimize the effect of noise generated from industrial land uses on adjacent land uses. Specific revisions to the Zoning Code will be completed to address: Maximizing the amount of pervious surfaces in new and infill developments; Integration of crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED) principles into site plan and building design, including adequate safety lighting; Integration of complementary uses in support of a safe community environment; A designation process for cultural resources to be listed on the city's Local Register of Historic Resources, to include a broad range of historic resources including separate or individual buildings, structures, objects, and sites, as well as districts and archaeological resources; A process for review of projects related to historic resources outside of the Old Towne Historic District. Adaptive reuse of potential and listed historic resources —the city will consider provisions for including neighborhood character areas (NCAs) as a zoning overlay, and the following planning areas may be considered for this zoning revision: El Modena, Cypress Street Barrio, and the railroad /packinghouse corridor; Development interface with Santiago Creek, the Santa Ana River, and other open space areas; ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP -4 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) IMPLEMENTATION Incorporation of sustainable development principles, such as the adoption of resource conservation measures for building codes and standards, and specifications for multi - modal transportation; Maintenance of the building security ordinance and addition of a CPTED element to those standards; and Preparation of development standards that address National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (N PDES) requirements. Agency /Department:Community Development Department, Police Department, Public Works Department Funding Source:General Fund Time Frame:Updated by December 2016 Related Policies: Land Use:1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9, 4.1, 4.2, 4.4, 4.5, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 6.1, 6.2, 6.4, 6.7, 6.8, 6.9, 8.1 Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation: 1 .3, 1 .4, 1 .5, 2 . 1 , 2 .3, 3. 4.5 Public Safety:2 .3, 2 .4, 3.3, 7.2, 7.5, 7.6, 9. Noise:1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 4.3, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 6.1, 6.2, 7.3 Urban Design:1 . 1 , 1 .4, 1 .7, 4. 5. 5. 5.3, 6.1, 6.3, 6.6 Economic Development: 1 . 1 , 1 .3, 1 .4, 4.5, 5.3, 5.5 Program I -2 Land Use Policy Map and Focus Area Development Objectives Ensure that City land use decisions are consistent with the policies of the Land Use Element and the land uses shown on the Land Use Policy Map. Using the development review process and other tools outlined throughout the General Plan, ensure that the development objectives specified for each of the eight focus areas described in the Land Use Element are achieved for new development and infill projects located in the focus areas. Agency /Department:Community Development Department Funding Source:General Fund Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Land Use:All Economic Development: 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 3. 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 7. 7. AETAINIMMEogAW ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP -5 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) 1 IMPLEMENTATION Program I -3 Specific Plans and Neighborhood Plans Prepare, adopt, and implement specific plans and neighborhood plans consistent with state law to establish permitted densities, intensities, and uses within Orange for the systematic implementation of the General Plan. Continue to implement and update, as needed, the following adopted specific plans and neighborhood plans: Archstone Gateway Chapman University East Orange General Plan ( Immanuel Lutheran Church Orange Park Acres Pinnacle at Uptown Orange St. John's Lutheran Church and School Santa Fe Depot Area Serrano Heights Upper Peters Canyon New specific plans may be permitted elsewhere within the planning area in the future. Through the specific plan process, encourage developers to include or provide: Context sensitivity and connectivity to surroundings, Complementary mix of uses, Pedestrian - oriented places, Transit- oriented design, Public spaces, Green spaces, and CPTED design features. Agency /Department:Community Development Department Funding Source:General Fund, private property owners Time Frame:As needed Related Policies: Land Use:2 . 1 , 2. 4, 3. 4, 5. 1 , 5. 2 , 5. 3, 5. 5,5• Circulation & Mobility: 3. 3.3 Public Safety:7.2 Urban Design:1.1, 5.1, 5.3, 6.1, 6.2, 6.4 Program I -4 Plans, Standards, and Guidelines Adopt, review, implement, and update as necessary the following master plans, standards, and guidelines: Bikeways Master Plan ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP -6 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) 1 3 i 1 IMPLEMENTATION Residential Neighborhood Traffic Management Program Recreational Trails Master Plan Park Facilities, Recreation, and Community Services Master Plan Grading Ordinance and hillside development regulations Scenic highway standards for Santiago Canyon Road, Jamboree Road, and Newport Boulevard Historic Preservation Design Standards Design guidelines and /or standards for large complexes Historic preservation design standards for other historic districts and for individually listed historic resources. Infill Residential Guidelines Street Tree Master Plan Master Utility Undergrounding Plan Tustin Street Design Standards Design standards for areas where the General Plan is changing land uses, including the 1 C Southwest Project Area, Chapman Avenue, Katella Avenue, and South Main Street Emergency Operations Plan and evacuation routes Water Master Plan Urban Water Management Plan Sewer Master Plan Storm Drain Master Plan NPDES Local Implementation Plan Public Library Facilities Master Plan Noise standards and guidelines for new construction in mixed -use districts Santiago Creek Vision Plan Agency /Department:Community Development Department, Public Works Department, Community Services Department, Police Department, Fire Department, Library Services Department, Economic Development Department Funding Source:General Fund, development fees, private contributions ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP -7 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) Ai :5 I MPLEME NTATION Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Land Use:1.5, 1.7, 2.6, 2.7, 5.5, 5.6, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 7.1, 7.2 Circulation & Mobility: 1 .4, 4.1, 4. 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4. 4.7, 4. 6.1, 6.2 Natural Resources:1.1, 1.2, 2.13, 2.14, 2.15, 2.16, 5. 5.3, 5.5, 5. 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 7.1 Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation: 1.1,1.3,1.6, 5. 5. 5.3, 5.4, 5.5 Public Safety:6.6, 6.7, 8.4 Urban Design:1.1, 1.2, 2 .5, 5.3, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.6 Economic Development: 2.4, 5. 5. 5.3, 6.1, 6.2 Infrastructure:1.1, 1.2, 4.2 Program I - 5 Transfer of Development Rights Ordinance Adopt a Transfer of Development Rights (TDR) ordinance to allow TDRs for the following purposes: To increase levels of residential densities at appropriate sites in areas designated Urban Mixed -Use, as described in Table LU -3 in the Land Use Element; To encourage well- designed high -rise development consisting of buildings 10 stories or higher at identified locations, as described in Table LU -4 and shown on Figure LU -8 in the Land Use Element; To expand and preserve open space in the Urban, Old Towne, and Neighborhood mixed - use land use designations, as described in Table LU -4 in the Land Use Element; and To provide incentives for preservation of listed historic resources or contributors to listed historic districts. In each case, a Development Agreement between the property owner and City of Orange will be required. Agency /Department:Community Development Department Funding Source:General Fund Time Frame:Complete by 2013 Related Policies: Land Use:2.2, 2.3, 2 . 8 , 5.5 Natural Resources:4.7 Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation: 3.2 tH =a'1, "ter+' Y."_ ,.s-- ....i e.—^t' -,:: .. .. -:'v ..,.: ... ..se.•.. _- ... .: .'.:'^.LYai'. =__.r.F.:.:::.."- .wu"'._..a ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP -8 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) sk IMPLEMENTATION Program I -6 Prepare Design Guidelines Prepare new design criteria for public gathering spaces, commercial areas, rural development character, viewshed protection and preservation, and additional policies for mixed -use development and transit - oriented development as needed. New design criteria should also include landscape standards that provide open space buffers and other appropriate transitions between lower density, single - family neighborhoods and higher density development. Design criteria should also address standards for the provision of community gathering spaces within private development, incentives to provide accessible open spaces in commercial and mixed -use corridors, and guidelines for the preservation of visual points of interest throughout the community. Agency/ Department:Community Development Department Funding Source:General Fund Time Frame:Update complete by 2013 Related Policies: Land Use:2.7, 2.8, 2.10, 8.1 Natural Resources:1.3, 2.8, 7.5 Urban Design:2.1, 2 .4, 2 . 6 , 2 .7, 3. 3. 3.3, 3.4, 4. 4. 4.5, 6.1, 6.2, 6.6 Program I - 8 Code Enforcement Continue to enforce property maintenance standards, adopted City Building Code, the Zoning Ordinance, the Noise Ordinance, and other provisions of the Orange Municipal Code. Agency /Department:Community Development Department, Police Department Funding Source:General Fund Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Land Use:5.5, 6.1, 7.5 Urban Design:5.2, 6.2 Noise:1 . 2 , 1 .4, 7. 7.3 Public Safety:3.3, 9.1 Economic Development: 4.1, 4.2 Program I - 9 Building and Fire Codes Continually update building and fire codes to: Ensure that new development and retrofitted development reduce potential damage from earthquakes, floods, fire, wind, liquefaction, and other natural hazards; and Incorporate increased energy efficiency and green building and sustainable development 1 k strategies. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP -9 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) IMPLEMENTAT Agency/Department:Community Development Department, Fire Department, Economic Development Department Funding Source:General Fund Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Public Safety:1.1 Noise:5.1, 6.1 Program I - 10 City Master Plan of Streets and Highways Use the established Capital Improvement Program process to implement the circulation system shown on the City Master Plan of Streets and Highways (Figure CM -2), the City will secure funding for roadway improvements, will design and build new roadways, and will complete roadway repairs and improvements. Future roadways must meet roadway classification design specifications and performance criteria. To reduce the impacts of traffic on residential areas, encourage through traffic to use higher classification arterials as designated within the City's Master Plan of Streets and Highways. Agency /Department:Public Works Department Funding Source:General Fund, development fees, and Renewed Measure M funds Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Circulation & Mobility: 1.1, 1.3, 2.1, 2.2, 2.5 Growth Management: 1.2, 1.11, 2.2 Economic Development: 2.4, 6.1, 6.2 Program I - 11 Critical Intersection Program To ensure that traffic flows meet the level of service (LOS) standards established in the Circulation & Mobility Element, roadway capacity in areas with excess traffic will be improved by restricting on- street parking, improving signal timing, widening intersections, adding through and turn lanes, and using other transportation systems management measures. Monitor the performance of Critical Intersections identified on Figure CM - in the Circulation Mobility Element on an ongoing basis. Ensure that Critical Intersections approaching LOS D are prioritized for improvement within the City's Capital Improvement Plan. Agency /Department:Public Works Department Funding Source:General Fund, Renewed Measure M funds, development fees, gas tax funds Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Circulation & Mobility: 1.2, 1.3 Growth Management: 1.1, 1.11 Economic Development: 2.4, 6.1, 6.2 ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP -10 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) A IMPLEMENTATION s Program I -12 Old Towne Parking District Study the benefits of creating a parking district and the feasibility of expanding available public parking in areas surrounding the Plaza. Shared parking, consolidated parking facilities, parking structures, or underground parking should all be considered as potential strategies to provide additional off- street parking to meet future demands related to adaptive re -use and infill development in Old Towne. Agency /Department:Public Works Department, Community Development Department, Economic Development Department Funding Source:General Fund Time Frame:Feasibility study completed by 2013 Related Policies: Land Use:2 .5, 5.4 Circulation & Mobility: 5. 5. 5.3, 5.4 I Urban Design:6.2 I Economic DeveloDevelopment: P 4.1, 4.2, 6.2 Program I -13 Pedestrian - Oriented Streetscape Master Plan 1 Prepare, adopt, and implement a pedestrian- oriented streetscape master plan as part of the City's decision to enhance the walkability of public spaces, with the goal of promoting multi - modal transportation options. This plan will include the City's key commercial corridors, such as Tustin Street, Chapman Avenue, Main Street, and Katella Avenue. The master plan should integrate concepts discussed for these corridors throughout the General Plan related to pedestrian facilities, streetscapes, urban green zones, facade improvements, and signage, including: Identifying pedestrian links that need improvement and strengthening; Determining new pedestrian links to underserved areas; Ensuring adequate sidewalk widths to accommodate lighting, street trees, benches, and trash cans; Establishing design character, standards, and guidelines for proposed outdoor spaces, paseos, and pedestrian paths; Incorporating more functional and appealing outdoor spaces, paseos, and pedestrian paths within retrofits of current streetscapes as well as within new development; Integrating public open space (e.g., plazas, neighborhood parks, pocket parks) in commercial and mixed -use corridors; Providing transit amenities such as bus stops, shelters, and lighting; j Helping to reduce conflicts between land uses; ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP -11 GPA 2010 -0001 (8 /10 /10) IMPLEMENTATION Determining entry or gateway street design elements and standards; Minimizing barriers to pedestrian and bicycle access; and Incorporating CPTED concepts. The Plan should include sidewalk, transit, open space, and landscape design and standards. The planning process will include an active public participation component. Agency /Department:Community Development Department, Public Works Department, Economic Development Department Funding Source:General Fund, development fees Time Frame:Adopt by 2018 Related Policies: Land Use:2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 3.3, 5.7, 5.9, 6.3, 6.6, 6.8, 8.1, 8.3 Circulation & Mobility: 1.1, 4.7, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3 Natural Resources:2.2, 7.3 Urban Design:1.1, 1 . 2 , 1 .3, 3.4, 3.5, 4.7, 6.6 Public Safety:7.4, 9. 9. 9.3 Program I -14 Streetscape Improvement Program and City Scenic Highways Develop a Streetscape Improvement Program for major and minor streetscapes, bikeways, and trails that includes standard plans and design criteria for unified lighting, paving materials, and patterns, and landscaping such as street trees, median and slope planting, and landscaped parkways. The Streetscape Improvement Program also includes development of specific standards to define and designate the following City Scenic Highways: Jamboree Road Santiago Canyon Road Newport Boulevard Agency /Department:Community Development Department, Public Works Department, Community Services Department Funding Source:General Fund Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Circulation & Mobility: 6.1, 6.2, 6.3 Natural Resources:7. 7.3, 7.4, 7.5 Urban Design:1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.7, 1.8, 3.4 Economic Development: 5.2 ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP - 12 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) ismeinswiewinek AmilIV IMPLEMENTATION C Program I -15 Operating Budget Continue to adopt and update the City's Operating Budget to maintain current levels of City services, public facilities and infrastructure, and coordinate development of community facilities and amenities and capital projects. Agency /Department:City Manager Funding Source:General Fund. Secondary sources include special revenue funds (such as Proposition 172, Renewed Measure M funds), gas tax funds, enterprise funds, capital improvement funds Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Land Use:1.2, 1.7 Natural Resources:5.1, 5.2 Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation: 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 5. Public Safety:2.4 Economic Development: 2.2, 2.3 Program I - 16 Certified Local Government Status C Apply to the Office of Historic Preservation (OHP) for inclusion in the Certified Local Government (CLG) program. Successful application includes meeting several requirements: Enact appropriate historic preservation regulations through an adopted historic preservation ordinance. Establish a qualified historic preservation review commission. Maintain a system for the survey and inventory of historic properties. 1 Provide for adequate public participation in the historic preservation program. Satisfactorily perform the responsibilities delegated to the Certified Local Government. Agency /Department:Community Development Department Funding Source:General Fund Time Frame:Application submitted by 2016 Related Policies: Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation: 1.1, 1.2,1.3, 2 . 2 , 3. 3.3, 3.4 ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP -13 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) IMPLEMENTATION Program I -17 Local Historic Register Create the City of Orange Register of Historic Resources (Historic Register), which will serve as the local register of historical resources under the California Environmental Quality Act CEQA). Automatically include all resources previously designated, listed, or determined eligible for listing within the National Register of Historic Places or California Register. Establish a process for handling voluntary requests for listing in the Historic Register. Support coordination with property owners of potential historic resources identified on the Orange Inventory, so that such potential historic resources can more readily be listed in the Historic Register. Establish a process for listing in the Historic Register those buildings, structures, objects, sites, or districts that meet the criteria. Establish procedures to remove historic resources from the Historic Register. Establish procedures for listing archaeological resources in the Historic Register. Employ appropriate criteria for evaluating potential significance of such archaeological resources as historical resources or unique archaeological resources under CEQA. Encourage voluntary listing of eligible archaeological resources. Agency /Department:Community Development Department Funding Source:General Fund Time Frame:Register established by 2015, maintenance ongoing Related Policies: Land Use:5.5 Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation: 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5 11111111MKSAMMIEW Program I -18 Eichler Historic Districts Pursue historic landmark district designation for three Eichler tracts. Notify property owners in three Eichler tracts — Fairhaven, Fairhills, and Fairmeadow —of the intent to list each of the three tracts separately as local historic districts. Follow established procedures for Historic Register listing of each. Develop design standards and project review processed for Eichler Historic Districts. Agency /Department:Community Development Department Funding Source:General Fund Time Frame:Landmark Districts established by 2015 Related Policies: Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation: 1.4 ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP - 14 GPA 2010 -0001 (8 /10 /10) IMPLEMENTAT ION Program I -19 Historic, Cultural, and Archaeological Resources Survey Continue to maintain an accessible and periodically updated inventory of potential historic resources. All surveyed properties will be included in the City's Inventory of Historic Resources (Orange Inventory), and the Orange Inventory will be a valuable planning tool to be used in evaluating possible impacts a proposed project might have on previously evaluated potential and identified historic resources. Surveys and survey updates may be conducted by City staff, historic preservation professionals, and /or representatives of local preservation organizations. Properties that have attained 45 years of age and are located within a designated historic district or Neighborhood Character Area (NCA) shall be subject to survey and assessment by a qualified architectural historian prior to issuance of any permit for alteration or demolition. Survey other areas where potential for historic resources may exist. Identify smaller character areas that contain concentrations of potential or listed historic resources that reflect a unique sense of time and place. Use the Orange Inventory to identify potential historic resources for purposes of CEQA, National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA), and National Environmental Protection Act NEPA) review of proposed projects. Only if potential historic resources in the Orange Inventory are listed in or eligible for listing in the California Register for CEQA or the National Register for the NHPA and NEPA shall they have a presumption of significance pursuant to CEQA Section 21084.1 and be treated as historical resources under CEQA. Potential historic resources identified in the Orange Inventory may be listed in the Historic Register if they meet criteria for listing in the California Register. The City's Historic Resources Inventory may be regularly updated by the Planning Division to reflect corrections and modifications to the associated database and survey forms without the need to bring those changes to the Planning Commission for adoption. Agency /Department:Community Development Department Funding Source:General Fund Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation: 1.1, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 2.1, 2.2, 4.1, 4.6 Urban Design:5.4 Program I - 20 Historic Preservation Incentives Actively pursue grants, loans, and other incentives to encourage historic preservation. Consider implementing conservation easements. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP -15 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) IMPLEMENTATION Develop a revolving loan program for maintenance and rehabilitation work, consistent with design standards, on listed historic resources and on resources that are contributors to listed historic districts. Develop a voluntary conservation easement program to preserve listed historic resources and contributors to listed historic districts. Provide a potential tax benefit to property owners. Establish a partnership with local preservation organizations to accept, hold, and manage conservation easements on historic resources. Enable Mills Act contracts for additional designated historic districts. Agency /Department:Community Development Department Funding Source:General Fund Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation: 1 .4, 2 . 2 , 2 .3, 3. 3. 3.3, 3.4, 3.5 Urban Design:5.4 Economic Development: 1.2, 5.3 Program I - 21 Commemorative Plaque Program Explore establishing a commemorative plaque program to allow public recognition of properties listed on the Historic Register. Develop and administer standards and guidelines for properties eligible for the commemorative plaque program. Agency /Department:Community organizations in coordination with the Community Development Department Funding Source:Private contributions Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation: 2.2, 3.1 Program I - 22 Historic Context Statement and Survey Officially recognize the Historic Context Statement prepared in tandem with the General Plan Update. Periodically update the Statement to add recent historical events. Officially recognize the recently completed historical and archaeological resources survey prepared in tandem with the updated General Plan. Update and maintain the inventory using the City's Geographic Information System (GIS). Agency /Department:Community Development Department Funding Source:General Fund Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP -16 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) ANEW IMPLEMENTATION Cultural Resources & H istoric Preservation: 1.1, 1.3, 1.6, 3.1 Program I - 23 Neighborhood Character Areas Designate El Modena, Cypress Street Barrio, the Railroad /Packinghouse Corridor, and Orange Park Acres as Neighborhood Character Areas (NCAS) by establishing an NCA overlay zone and appropriate standards and regulations in the Zoning Code. Develop and administer design guidelines appropriate to each designated NCA. Agency /Department:Community Development Department, City Council Funding Source:General Fund Time Frame:Complete by 2017 Related Policies: Cultural Resources & H istoric Preservation: 1.1, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 Program I - 24 Community Character Design Elements Update design guidelines to incorporate the elements of community design character that reflect Orange's historic and cultural background. Require new development to incorporate the elements of the community's character and design into its projects. Determine how to retrofit the existing commercial, industrial, institutional, and mixed -use areas to include the community character elements. Community character elements can include but are not limited to architectural style, landscape style, streetscape, and signage. Agency /Department:Community Development Department Funding Source:General Fund Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Urban Design:3. 3.3, 4.5, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 6.6 Program I - 25 Green Space Incentives Seek and develop appropriate incentives for project applicants and developers that provide public access to private green spaces in new, infill, and existing development projects. Work to establish neighborhood identity through the use of green spaces. Establish a program to transfer to the City, through land exchanges, purchases, or long -term no -fee leases, land that is not currently in productive use, such as derelict land, tax delinquent land, surplus road and highway rights -of -way, and other land located adjacent to existing open spaces, waterways, or trails. Agency /Department:Community Development Department, Community Services Department ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP -17 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) IMPLEMENTATION 4 i 1 Funding Source:General Fund, grants, bond funding Time Frame:Complete by 2016 Related Policies: Land Use:2.3, 2.8, 6.3, 6.4 Natural Resources:1.1,1.2,1.3, 6.6, 7.1, 7.5 Urban Design:3.5, 4.5 Program I -26 Joint -Use Agreements for Parks and Open Space Continue to implement and expand the use of joint -use agreements to increase the parks and open space resources available to Orange residents. Specifically, seek to expand joint -use agreements with the Orange Unified School District, Chapman University, Southern California Edison, and the Orange County Flood Control District. Investigate conversion or joint use of surplus or otherwise underutilized lands, including railroad and public utility rights -of -way, for open space use. Agency /Department:City Manager's Office, Community Services Department, Public Works Department Funding Source:General Fund Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Land Use:7.6 Natural Resources:1.2, 5.3 Program I - 27 Fire Hazard Information and Suppression Continue to evaluate and update information available to the City regarding potential fire hazards and hazard areas. Provide public information regarding defensible space surrounding residences and businesses. Use Wildland Fuel Modification guidelines for controlling vegetation in undeveloped areas, and Wildland Urban Interface Code and weed abatement standards. Agency /Department:Fire Department Funding Source:General Fund Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Public Safety:3. 3. 3.3, 3.4 ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP - 18 GPA 2010 -0001 (8 /10 /10) g 4 IMPLEMENTATION Program I -29 Hazardous Materials Monitoring Continue to assess risks associated with hazardous materials and develop mitigation measures accordingly. Identify hazardous material release sites and ensure that the sites are appropriately remediated. Agency /Department:Fire Department, Public Works Department Funding Source:General Fund Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Public Safety:4.1, 4.2, 4.3 Program I - 30 Noise Regulations Continue to enforce the City's Noise Ordinance limits to limit the effect of noise on residential land uses. Revise the Zoning Ordinance to achieve the following: Limit the hours of deliveries to commercial, mixed use, and industrial uses adjacent to residential and other noise sensitive land uses; Limit the hours of operation for commercial /retail /entertainment uses to limit noise intrusion into nearby residential and other noise sensitive land uses; Limit the hours of operation of high noise - generating industrial equipment; Limit the hours of operation for refuse vehicles and parking lot sweepers if their activity results in an excessive noise level that adversely affects adjacent residential uses; Require the placement of loading and unloading areas so that commercial buildings shield nearby residential land uses from noise generated by loading dock and delivery activities. If necessary, additional sound barriers shall be constructed on the commercial sites to protect nearby noise sensitive uses; Require the placement of all commercial HVAC machinery to be placed within mechanical equipment rooms wherever possible. (Equipment manufacturer's specifications for venting and access to outside air shall be maintained); and Require the provision of localized noise barriers or rooftop parapets around HVAC, cooling towers, and mechanical equipment so that line -of -sight to the noise source from the property line of the noise sensitive receptors is blocked. (Equipment manufacturer's specifications for venting and access to outside air shall be maintained). Agency /Department:Community Development Department, Police Department Funding Source:General Fund Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Noise:1.4, 1.5, 5. 5. 5.3, 6 . 2 , 7. 7.3, 7.4 0 ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP -19 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) IMPLEMENTATION Program I -31 Orange Public Library Programs Continue to implement the City's Public Library Facilities Master Plan (2002 - 2020). Continue to work to ensure that the California State Library— recommended standard of four volumes and 0.7 square foot per capita is maintained and that the City's library services needs are met as future development occurs. Continue to promote and provide additional resources for the Orange Public Library Local History Collection. Maintain and enhance the Preservation Resource Center within the Orange Public Library & Local History Center that provides access to information about historic preservation regulations and benefits, technical assistance materials, and information about research methods and collections. Agency /Department:Library Services Department Funding Source:General Fund, private contributions Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation: 2.2, 3.1, 4.5, 4. 5. 5. 5.3, 5.4.5.5 Program I - 32 Flood Control and Storm Drain Facilities Continue to inspect storm drains, remove debris from catch basins as needed, and evaluate and monitor water storage facilities to determine if they pose a water inundation hazard. Agency /Department:Public Works Department Funding Source:General Fund Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Natural Resources:2.13, 2.14, 2.15, 2.17 Public Safety:2.3 Infrastructure:1.3, 1.6 Program I -33 Solid Waste and Recycling Services Continue to contract for provision of solid waste and recycling services. Ensure that community needs for solid waste disposal and recycling are being met. Expand community outreach and education regarding residential recycling opportunities and household hazardous wastes. Agency /Department:Public Works Department Funding Source:General Fund, user fees Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Land Use:7.4 Infrastructure:2.1, 2.2, 2.3 nEWPOZWIMMiligAW ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP - 20 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) V IM IMPLEMENTATION 40111.'M ; Program I -34 Noise Standards and Acoustical Studies Review development proposals to ensure that the noise standards and compatibility criteria set forth in the Noise Element are met. Consult Noise Element guidelines and standards for noise compatible land uses to determine the suitability of proposed developments relative to existing and forecasted noise levels. Enforce the California Noise Insulation Standards to ensure an acceptable interior noise level of 45 A- weighted decibels (dBA) community noise equivalent level (CNEL) in habitable rooms. Develop noise impact analysis guidelines that describe the City's desired procedure and format for acoustical studies. Acoustical studies will be required for all discretionary projects where any of the following apply: The project includes a noise - sensitive land use that is located within the existing or future 65 dBA CNEL contour for transportation noise sources. The project will cause future traffic volumes to increase by 25 percent or more on any roadway that fronts residential, institutional, or open space land uses. The project will expose a noise - sensitive land use to a stationary noise source or vibration source exceeding the standards outlined in the Noise Element. Such stationary sources may include mechanical equipment operations, entertainment venues, industrial facilities, and property maintenance. The project includes a noise - sensitive land use in the vicinity of existing or proposed commercial and industrial areas. The project is a mixed -use development that includes a residential component. The focus of this type of acoustical study is to determine likely interior and exterior noise levels and to recommend appropriate design features to reduce noise. An acoustical analysis prepared in accordance with the Noise Element shall: Be the financial responsibility of the applicant seeking City approval of a project; Be prepared by a qualified person experienced in the fields of environmental noise assessment and architectural acoustics; Include representative noise level measurements with sufficient sampling periods and locations to adequately describe local conditions and predominant noise sources; Estimate existing and projected cumulative (20 years) noise in terms of CN EL or L and compare those noise levels to the adopted standards and policies of the Noise Element; Recommend appropriate mitigation to achieve compliance with the adopted policies and standards of the Noise Element. Where the noise source in question consists of intermittent single events, the report must address the effects of maximum noise levels in sleeping rooms in terms of possible sleep disturbance; ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP - 21 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) IMPLEMENTATION Estimate noise exposure after the prescribed mitigation measures have been implemented; and Describe a post - project assessment program that could be used to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed mitigation measures. Agency /Department:Community Development Department Funding Source:Development fees Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Land Use:3.4, 6.10 Noise:1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 2.1, 2.2, 2.5, 3.1, 5.1, 6.1 Program 1 Climate Action Plan The City of Orange shall develop and adopt a Climate Action Plan (CAP). The CAP will have two primary objectives: (1) reduce total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the City by at least 15 percent from current levels by 2020, and (2) create adaptation strategies to address the likely impacts of climate change on the City, such as increased risk of flooding, diminished water supplies, increased risks of wildfire, and risks to public health. The CAP will contain the following chapters: Climate Change and Orange —The first chapter of the CAP will outline the City's rationale and motivation for addressing climate change by developing and implementing the CAP. The chapter will provide a brief overview of the science behind climate change, will describe the potential impacts that climate change may create in Orange, and will outline state policy mandates to reduce GHG emissions. Baseline GHG Emissions Inventory and Forecast— In this chapter, the City will calculate GHG emissions for the base year, forecast emissions in 2020 under a business -as -usual scenario, and describe the GHG reductions necessary to achieve the City's adopted target. The City will make best efforts to evaluate all reasonable sources of GHG emissions. The chapter will identify GHG emissions and target levels per sector. Sectors to be described in the inventory will include municipal operations, residential, commercial, industrial buildings, motor vehicles, and waste. This inventory and forecast shall provide a benchmark for planning and monitoring progress in government operations and the community. The GHG inventory shall be conducted using a methodology consistent with that used by other local governments and will be completed within 1 year after the effective date of adoption of the General Plan. GHG Emissions Policies and Measures— This chapter will describe the policies and measures that are necessary to reduce GHG emissions in the City and achieve the reduction target. Policies and measures will be created with public input from all stakeholders. Each measure will be enforceable, include a timeline, describe financing mechanisms, and assign responsibility to relevant agencies and departments. In addition to direct GHG reduction measures, the chapter will incorporate public education efforts to raise awareness on the importance of minimizing GHG emissions and methods for reducing emissions from individual lifestyles. These policies and measures will be developed within two years after the ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP - 22 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) IMPLEMENTAT ION effective date of adoption of the General Plan. The effectiveness of policies and measures will be evaluated annually and will be modified as necessary to achieve the City's reduction goals. Because the CAP is to be implemented over a period of several years, it is likely that the scientific, federal, and state policy frameworks surrounding climate change measures will evolve. The CAP will adapt its policies, measures, and programs to ensure successful reduction of GHG emissions, protection of the City, and compliance with regulations. Protection and Adaptation Strategies—The fourth chapter of the CAP will describe strategies that will be used to protect the City from and facilitate adaptation to the potential effects of climate change. Potential effects to be evaluated include but are not limited to sea level rise, increased frequency and magnitude of flooding, diminished water supply, habitat loss, and possible effects on public health and the local economy. Each measure will include a timeline, describe financing mechanisms, and assign responsibility to relevant agencies and departments. Benchmarks and Next Steps—In conclusion, the CAP will identify benchmarks, monitoring procedures, and other steps needed to ensure the City achieves its GHG reduction, protection, and adaptation goals. Monitoring and verifying progress on the GHG emissions reduction measures will be conducted on an annual basis. Monitoring will provide important feedback that can be used to demonstrate overall progress toward emissions reduction targets and improve measures over time. Benchmarks will be established to serve as intermediate goals and to motivate compliance with City and private-sector reduction targets. Benchmarks for strategic responses to climate change impacts should be based on the expected time scale of the specific impact and will be established during the development of individual strategic plans. CAP Relationship to the General Plan—Implementation strategies identified in the CAP will be incorporated as implementation measures of the General Plan through amendment within one year of completion. Revisions to CAP policies and measures and subordinate strategic programs may require further General Plan amendments. Agency/Department:Community Development Department Funding Source:General Fund, grants and state assistance (if available) Time Frame:To be developed and adopted by December 31, 2012 Related Policies:See those policies identified in Table NR-1 VM111111111111M _ 1•1111M..ZMIBM ASCIIMISIIIIIMII11111111111111 ° Program 1-36 Park Dedication Ordinance Adopt a parkland dedication ordinance that requires dedication of parkland at a ratio of 3.0 acres per 1,000 population or payment of in-lieu fees, pursuant to Quimby Act requirements. Agency/Department:Community Development Department, Community Services Department 7:4 ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP-23 GPA 2010-0001 (8/10/10) IMPLEMENTATION cr;?a; -_ Funding Source:General Fund Time Frame:Complete by 2013 Related Policies: Natural Resources:5.6, 5.7 Program I - 37 Vehicle Noise Reduction Implement the following strategies to reduce vehicular traffic noise throughout the City: Review and designate local truck routes to reduce truck traffic in noise sensitive land uses areas. Consider the use of traffic calming devices, to reduce traffic speed in residential zones. Consider the use of alternative paving materials, such as open graded asphalt, to reduce traffic noise where determined feasible and cost efficient. Agency /Department:Public Works Department, Community Services Department Funding Source:State and federal grants, Development fees Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Noise:2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5 ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP -24 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) SI IMPLEMENTATION II. Physical Improvements and Capital Projects Program II -1 Capital Improvement Program Continue to implement and update the City's Capital Improvement Program (CIP) to: Address phasing, construction, and maintenance of improvements to roadways, infrastructure, streetscapes, signage, and City -owned parks throughout the City; Acquire and expend funds from available transportation financing and other programs to assist in financing new roadways and trails; Manage construction of new parks and improvements to current parklands and park facilities; Facilitate construction of a network of multi -use trails that connects the City's parks and open spaces; Improve and expand Orange Public Library facilities; Ensure timely completion of required roadway infrastructure associated with new and infill development; Maintain City -owned and operated facilities; and Maintain publicly owned potential and listed historic resources. Use the 7 -year CIP process to prioritize, finance, and complete roadway, infrastructure, and parks projects identified in the CIP. Update the CIP on an annual basis to respond to changes in local priorities and available funding sources. Require future CIP update processes to include a public outreach component. Agency /Department:All departments Funding Source:General Fund, transportation funds, and grants, as identified in the CIP. Secondary sources include special revenue funds (such as Proposition 172, Renewed Measure M Funds), gas tax funds, enterprise funds, and capital improvement funds. Time Frame:Ongoing, with annual updates in -cycle with City budget process Related Policies: Land Use:1.7, 2 .5, 2 . 6 , 5.4, 5. 5.7, 5.9, 6.3, 6.7, 6.8, 8.1, 8.3 Circulation and Mobility: 1.1, 1.6, 2.2, 2.3, 2 .4, 4. 4. 4. 5. Natural Resources:6.1, 6.6 Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation: 1.6, 3.5, 5. 5. Urban Design:4.3, 4.4 Economic Development: 2.4, 6.1, 6.2 Infrastructure:1.1 Growth Management: 1.2, 1.11, 2.2 ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP -25 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) 4 IMPLEMENTATION mew Program 11-2 Metropolitan Drive Extension To further improve circulation near The Block at Orange shopping area and to improve access to Interstate 5, extend Metropolitan Drive from The City Drive /State College Boulevard to the Metropolitan Drive /Rampart Street connection. Agency /Department:Public Works Department Funding Source:Determined by CIP Time Frame:Determined by CIP Related Policies: Circulation & Mobility: 1.1, 2.1, 2.2 Program II - 3 Santiago Creek Bike Trail Complete additional segments of a bike trail adjacent to Santiago Creek to extend through the City along the creek, and connect the regional Santa Ana River trail to Santiago Oaks Regional Park and wilderness areas east of Orange. Agency /Department:Community Services Department Funding Source:Determined by Recreational Trails Master Plan Time Frame:Determined by Recreational Trails Master Plan Related Policies: Circulation & Mobility: 4. 4.4, 4.5 Natural Resources:6.1, 6.2 G TV' ^°!¢'3"fi`^a,"Fe±.."_ - .°.:nZ::.:Yt6 s_.a4.425iiai"r'S -.•• c.': awl.:- ".ry -'3 `+ Program II -4 Pedestrian and Bicycle Amenities Provide appropriate bicycle and pedestrian amenities along City bikeways, trails, and sidewalks. Specific amenities may include bicycle racks, bicycle storage, water fountains, benches, trash cans, and emergency call boxes. Encourage private development projects to provide these amenities as well, especially within mixed -use areas and along the City's commercial corridors. Identify a range of funding opportunities to enable extension of existing trails and development of new trails. Agency /Department:Community Services Department, Community Development Department, Public Works Department Funding Source:General Fund, grants Time Frame:Ongoing ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP - 26 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) f 451 V IMPLEMENTATION Related Policies: Circulation & Mobility: 4. 4.4 Natural Resources:2.8, 6.1, 6.6 Public Safety:9.1, 9.3 Growth Management: 1.9 Program II - 5 Emergency Operations Center Maintain, equip, and update the Emergency Operations Center on an ongoing basis to improve public safety and response by agencies. Agency /Department:City Manager's Office, Fire Department, Police Department Funding Source:General Fund, state and federal funds, grants Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Public Safety:1.2,3.4, 3.6,5.1, 6.1,6.2,6.3,6.5,6.6,8.2,8.3,8.4 4n ; Program II - 6 Correct Sewer System. Deficiencies Repair and improve all areas that were identified in the 2012 Sewer Master Plan Update as having system deficiencies based on available resources and continue to identify anticipated deficiencies in the system. The City will make improvements to areas with frequent blockages or "hot- spots." Developers shall also be required to pay the cost of providing new and improved wastewater services to project sites. Agency /Department:Public Works Department Funding Source:State and federal grant funds, Development fees Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Infrastructure:1.1, 1.2, 1.6 ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP -27 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) IMPLEMENTATION III. Conditions or Requirements Placed upon Applicants during Development Review Program III -1 California Environmental Quality Act Comply with all provisions of CEQA. In addition to thresholds that may be established or adopted by the City in the future, use the following thresholds and procedures for CEQA analysis of proposed projects, consistent with policies adopted within the General Plan: Circulation & Mobility o Level of service (LOS) D (volume -to- capacity [V /C] ratio less than or equal to 0.90) shall be the lowest acceptable level of service for both roadway segments and peak - hour intersection movements. o Orange County's Congestion Management Plan (CMP) specifies LOS E (V /C ratio less than or equal to too) as the operating standard for roadways on the CMP highway system. o Projects that increase V/C by .01 or more on affected roadway segments or intersections experiencing LOS E or LOS F conditions without the proposed project are considered to create significant impacts, and mitigation is required. Parks and Recreation o The City shall require dedication of parkland at a rate of 3.o acres per 1,000 anticipated residents or payment of in -lieu fees for new residential projects. Noise o The City shall apply the noise standards specified in Tables N -3 and N -4 of the Noise Element to proposed projects analyzed under CEQA. o In addition to the foregoing, an increase in ambient noise levels is assumed to be a significant noise impact if a proposed project causes ambient noise levels to exceed the following: Where the existing ambient noise level is less than 65 dBA, a project related permanent increase in ambient noise levels of 5 dBA CNEL or greater. Where the existing ambient noise level is greater than 65 dBA, a project related permanent increase in ambient noise levels of 3 dBA CNEL or greater. Historic and Cultural Resources o Historical resource" for the purposes of CEQA shall mean "historic district" in the case of a contributor to a historic district. o Historic resources listed in the Historic Register shall have a presumption of significance pursuant to CEQA Section 21084.1 and shall be treated as historical resources under CEQA. o The historical significance of an archaeological historic resource is evaluated using the criteria of Public Resources Code Section 5024.1 and Section 15064.5 et seq. of the state CEQA Guidelines. a ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP - 28 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) 9 m IMPLEMENTATION All future development proposals shall be reviewed by the City for potential regional and local air quality impacts per CEQA. If potential impacts are identified, mitigation will be required to reduce the impact to a level less than significant, where technically and economically feasible. Agency /Department:Community Development Department, Public Works Department, Community Services Department Funding Source:General Fund, development fees Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Circulation & Mobility: 1.2, 2.3 Natural Resources:5.6 Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation: 1.1, 1.3 Noise:1.4 Growth Management: 1.1, 2.1 Program III - 2 Site Development Review Comply with all City procedures in the review of proposed development projects, and use the site plan review process to ensure that applicable General Plan policies and City standards and regulations are applied to proposals for specific development projects. Agency /Department:Community Development Department, Public Works Department, Police Department, Fire Department, Community Services Department Funding Source:Development fees Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Land Use:1.6, 1.7, 2.5, 2.7, 2.8, 3.1, 3.4, 4.3, 4.5, 6.1, 6.2, 6.9, 6.1o, 6.12 Circulation & Mobility: 1.1, 1.7, 5.1, 5.2 Natural Resources 1.3, 2.3, 2.6, 2.13, 2.14, 2.15, 2.16, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 5.4, 5. 5.7, 6.6, 7.5 Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation: 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 4. 4. 4.3, 4.4, 4.5 Public Safety:1.1, 2 .5, 3.3, 3.5, 4.2, 4.3, 6 . 2 , 7. 7.3, 7.4, 9. Noise:1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 2.1, 2.2, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 6.1, 6.2 Urban Design:2 .4, 2 .5, 2 . 6 , 3.4, 3.5, 6 . 1 Infrastructure:1.4, 1.5 Program III - 3 Commission /Committee Review Orange has several commissions and one committee whose purpose is to advise and assist the City Council in dealing with issues related to each commission's or committee's area of kihr concern. The commissions and committee gather pertinent information, hear arguments, ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP -29 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) IMPLEMENTATION weigh values, and make recommendations to the Council. Several of the commissions also have some administrative powers. The City will continue to use the commission /committee structure to inform the public decision- making process. The City will also consider expanding the authority of the Design Review Committee and Community Development Department's staff to administer the Orange Historic Resources Inventory, Historic Register listings, and design review procedures for projects involving architectural and archaeological resources. Agency /Department:City Council, Community Development Department, Community Services Department Funding Source:General Fund Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Land Use:2 .5, 2.6, 2 .7, 2.8, 3. 3. 4.5, 5.5, 5. 5.9, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.7, 6.11, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3 Circulation & Mobility: 1 .3, 2 .3, 3. 4. 6.1 Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation: 1.1, 1.3, 1.4, 4.5, 4. Urban Design:1.1, 6.1 Public Safety:1.1, 3.5, 4.3, 7.4 Economic Development: 1.2, 2.5, 3.3, 4.5, 5. 5. 5.3, 5.4, 5.5 Program III - 4 Traffic Impact Analyses Require preparation of traffic impact analyses for new discretionary development projects. For projects that increase V/C by .01 or more on affected roadway segments or intersections experiencing LOS E or LOS F conditions without the proposed project, traffic impact analyses must propose binding mitigation strategies to be incorporated within the project. Continue to update guidelines for the preparation of traffic impact analyses to reflect local conditions and industry standards. Agency /Department:Public Works Department Funding Source:Development fees Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Land Use:2.5, 6.10 Circulation & Mobility: 1.1 Growth Management: 1.2, 1.6 ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP - 30 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) IMPLEMENTATION Program III -5 Transportation Demand Management Plans Require major employers of 100 persons or more to institute transportation demand management (TDM) plans. Such plans establish incentives to encourage employees to carpool, take public transportation, bicycle, or use some means other than private automobiles to get to and from work. Agency /Department:Community Development Department, Public Works Department Funding Source:Development fees Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Circulation & Mobility: 2.6 Natural Resources:2.1, 2.2 Growth Management: 1.12 symenter...-A—ar 14674 1111111M. Program III -6 National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Compliance Before making land use decisions, the City will utilize available methods to estimate increases in pollutant loads and flows resulting from projected future development. The City will follow the most current NPDES permit and countywide Model WQMP and the City Local Implementation Plan to ensure that the City complies with applicable federal and state regulations. Applicants for new development and redevelopment projects shall prepare and submit plans to the City, as well as implement plans demonstrating accomplishment of the following: Emphasize the need to implement and prioritize the use of low impact development BMPs that provide onsite infiltration and retention; Use biotreatment systems such as flow through planters,_wetlands and bioswales where infiltration, evapotranspiration, and harvest and reuse are not feasible; Limit areas of impervious surfaces and preserve natural areas; Limit directly connected areas of impervious surfaces; Limit disturbance of natural water bodies, natural drainage systems, and highly erodable areas; Use structural and nonstructural best management practices (BMPs) to mitigate projected increases in pollutant loads and flows; Use pollution prevention methods, source controls, and treatment with small collection strategies located at or as close as possible to the source; Control the velocity of pollutant loading flows during and after construction; and Implement erosion protection during construction. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP - 31 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) IMPLEMENTATION 10.1111111111SM In addition, applicants for large development projects are required to prepare and implement plans that meet site predevelopment hydrologic conditions and to control runoff on -site where technically feasible. Agency /Department:Public Works Department, Community Development Department Funding Source:Development fees Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Land Use;4.3, 6 .5 Natural Resources:2.12, 2.13, 2.14, 2.15, 2.16, 2.17 Public Safety:2.3 Program III - 7 Water Services and Supplies As needed, require studies to determine water infrastructure requirements for future development projects, and require that any recommendations be incorporated into the design of projects. Require the dedication of necessary right -of -way and construction of water infrastructure improvements for development projects as needed. Developers shall also be required to pay the cost of providing new and improved water services to project sites. For projects that satisfy the criteria set forth in Sections 10910 -10915 of the California Water Code and Section 66473.7 of the Government Code, a water supply assessment or water supply verification demonstrating available water supplies exist to support development shall also be prepared. Agency /Department:Community Development Department, Public Works Department Funding Source:Development fees, General Fund Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Infrastructure:1.1, 1.4, 1.6 Program III -8 Adequate Public Safety and Emergency Response During the development application process, consult with Fire and Police Departments to evaluate the need for additional fire and police facilities or resources to serve new development projects and infill development areas. During updates to the Capital Improvement Program process, coordinate with service providers to evaluate the level of fire and police service provided to the community. Require adequate street widths and clearance for emergency access. Provide all appropriate safety features. Continue to use state- of -the- art techniques and technology to enhance public safety. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP - 32 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) ammimineemalw ANEW IMPLEMENTATION Adhere to requirements in the Municipal Code for adequate street widths and clearance for emergency access. Integrate CPTED techniques into development projects and practice active surveillance measures in high -risk areas such as parking Tots. The City shall use open space easements and other regulatory techniques to prohibit development and avoid public safety hazards where the threat from seismic hazards cannot be mitigated. Agency /Department:Community Development Department, Public Works Department, Police Department, Fire Department Funding Source:Development fees, General Fund Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Public Safety:3.4, 4.4, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4 Program III - 9 Geologic Hazard Assessments Pursuant to state law, geologic and /or geotechnical studies are required for proposed new development projects located in areas identified as susceptible to landslides and liquefaction and binding mitigation strategies must be adopted. Compliance with the recommendations set forth in site - specific geologic and /or geotechnical studies will be made a condition of approval for new development. In addition, the City may require applicants to incorporate measures to stabilize and maintain slopes on a site -by -site basis, such as proper planting, irrigation, retaining walls, and benching. Agency /Department:Community Development Department, Public Works Department Funding Source:Development fees Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Land Use:6.9, 6.10 Public Safety:1.1 Program III - 10 Cultural Resources Inventories Require cultural resources inventories of all new development projects in areas identified with medium or high potential for archeological, paleontological, or cultural resources based on resource sensitivity maps prepared in conjunction with the General Plan. Where a preliminary site survey finds medium to high potential for substantial archaeological remains, the City shall require a mitigation plan to protect the resource before issuance of permits. Mitigation may include: Ensuring that a qualified archaeologist is present during initial grading or trenching monitoring), Redesigning the project to avoid archaeological resources (this is considered the strongest tool for preserving archaeological resources), ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP -33 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) w ii.41111111 HMI IMPLEMENTATION r; Capping the site with a layer of fill, and /or Excavating and removing the archaeological resources (recovery) and implementing curation in an appropriate facility under the direction of a qualified archaeologist interpretation). Alert applicants for permits within early settlement areas to the potential sensitivity. If an archaeological inventory survey is required, the final stage is the preparation of a professional report detailing the findings and recommendations of the records search and field survey. The final report containing site forms, site significance, and mitigation measures should be submitted immediately to the Community Development Department. All information regarding site locations, Native American human remains, and associated funerary objects should be in a separate confidential addendum, and not be made available for public disclosure. If significant archaeological resources are discovered during construction or grading activities, such activities shall cease in the immediate area of the find until a qualified archaeologist can determine the significance of the resource and recommend alternative mitigation. The final written report should be submitted to the appropriate regional archaeological Information Center within three months after work has been completed. The City shall ensure that project applicants contact the Native American Heritage Commission for a Sacred Lands File Check and a list of appropriate Native American contacts for consultation concerning the project site and to assist in crafting the mitigation measures. Agency /Department:Community Development Department Funding Source:Development fees Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Land Use:6.11 Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation: 4. 4.5 Program III -11 Green Building, Energy Conservation, and Sustainable Development The City strongly encourages new development and major renovation projects to employ green building techniques and materials. Encourage proposed development projects throughout the City to use Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) standards developed by the U.S. Green Building Council or a similar third -party verified program. Encourage building orientations and landscaping that enhance natural lighting and sun exposure. Prepare guidelines for sustainable development to encourage incorporation of these practices in new development. These guidelines will include measures to maximize soil permeability to address related stormwater and surface -water runoff issues. Require compliance with state Title 24 building construction standards and Energy Star conservation standards for all development projects. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP - 3 4 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) i eir IMPLEMENTAT 1 liat C Prepare and adopt an ordinance that requires and /or provides incentives for: (1) specified new residential development to comply with a specified green building program or show that its development provides comparable effectiveness to such a program; and (2) specified non - residential development of a specified size comply with a specified green building program or show that its development provides comparable effectiveness to such a program. Agency /Department:Community Development Department, Public Works Department Funding Source:Development fees Time Frame:Ongoing; December 31, 2011 (For ordinance) Related Policies: Natural Resources:2.6, 2.7 Program III - 12 Mixed - Use Noise Property Notification When the City exercises discretionary review, provides financial assistance, or otherwise facilitates residential development within a mixed -use area, make providing written warnings to potential residents about noise intrusion a condition of that approval, assistance, or facilitation. The following language is provided as an example: All potential buyers and /or renters of residential property within mixed -use districts in the City of Orange are hereby notified that they may be subject to audible noise levels generated by business and entertainment related operations common to such areas, including amplified sound, music, delivery and passenger vehicles, mechanical noise, pedestrians, and other urban noise sources." Agency /Department:Community Development Department Funding Source:Development fees Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Noise:5. 5.3 Urban Design:2.5 Program III -13 Ecological and Biological Resource Assessments Analyze development proposals for potential impacts on significant ecological and biological resources. Require appropriate mitigation for all significant impacts if impact avoidance is not possible. Mitigation measures for habitat and species may include but are not limited to avoidance, enhancement, restoration, compensatory mitigation, or a combination of these. Agency /Department:Community Development Department Funding Source:Development fees Time Frame:Ongoing ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP -35 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) IMPLEMENTATION Related Policies: Land Use:6.4, 6.11 Natural Resources:4. 4.3, 4.4, 4.5 Program III -14 Archaeological Resources Management Report ARMR Preservation Bulletin) Establish the Archaeological Resources Management Report (ARMR Preservation Bulletin) as the standard report format for all documentation and accept reports only from registered professional archaeologists knowledgeable in Native American cultures and /or historical archaeology (qualified archaeologists). Agency /Department:Community Development Department Funding Source:Development fees Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation: 4.1 Program III - 15 Historic Resources Design Review Continue to use the Secretary of the Interior's Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties and Guidelines for Preserving, Rehabilitating, Restoring and Reconstructing Historic Buildings as a basis for design review and incorporate them by reference into the Old Towne Design Standards and other historic preservation design standards. Any approved demolition permit for historic resources listed in the City's Historic Register will be automatically subject to a delay of 180 days before the permit for demolition may be issued. The property owner will strive to develop alternatives to demolition that will preserve the historic resources. The Design Review Committee or Historic Preservation Commission at such time such a commission is established, shall serve as the review body for projects involving historic resources. Agency /Department:Community Development Department, City Council Funding Source:General Fund Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation: 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1 .4, 1 .5, 2 .3, 3. Program III -16: Public Access to Santiago Creek and Santa Ana River Public Interface Ensure that new development does not preclude access to Santiago Creek and the Santa Ana River and associated trails. Development review should ensure that commercial and retail development in these areas support public access. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP - 36 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) 4 IMPLEMENTATION Agency /Department:Community Development Department Funding Source:Development fees Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Land Use:6.4, 6.6 Circulation & Mobility: 4.1 Natural Resources:1 .3, 5.5, 7. 7. 7.3, 7.4, 7.5 Urban Design:2.6 Program III - 17: Office Condominium Conversions Evaluate applications for conversion of industrial properties to office condominiums to determine the impact on the available balance of larger and smaller properties available for industrial use. Agency /Department:Community Development Department, Economic Development Department Funding Source:Development fees Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Land Use:4. Economic Development: 3.1, 6.1, 6.2 Program III - 18: Noise Reduction in New Construction Require construction contractors to implement the following measures during construction activities through contract provisions and /or conditions of approval as appropriate: Construction equipment shall be properly maintained per manufacturers' specifications and fitted with the best available noise suppression devices (i.e., mufflers, silencers, wraps, etc). Shroud or shield all impact tools, and muffle or shield all intake and exhaust ports on power equipment. Construction operations and related activities associated with the proposed project shall comply with the operational hours outlined in the City of Orange Municipal Code Noise Ordinance, or mitigate noise at sensitive land uses to below Orange Municipal Code standards. Construction equipment should not be idled for extended periods of time in the vicinity of noise sensitive receptors. Locate fixed and /or stationary equipment as far as possible from noise sensitive receptors (e.g., generators, compressors, rock crushers, cement mixers). Shroud or ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP -37 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) IMPLEMENTATION shield all impact tools, and muffle or shield all intake and exhaust ports on powered construction equipment. Where feasible, temporary barriers shall be placed as close to the noise source or as close to the receptor as possible and break the line of sight between the source and receptor where modeled levels exceed applicable standards. Acoustical barriers shall be constructed material having a minimum surface weight of 2 pounds per square foot or greater, and a demonstrated Sound Transmission Class (STC) rating of 25 or greater as defined by American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Test Method Ego. Placement, orientation, size, and density of acoustical barriers shall be specified by a qualified acoustical consultant. Agency /Department:Community Development Department, Public Works Department, Community Services Department Funding Source:Development fees Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Noise:1.1, 1.2,1.4,1.5, 7.2 Program III -19: Groundborne Noise and Vibration Implement the following measures to reduce the potential for human annoyance and architectural /structural damage resulting from elevated groundborne noise and vibration levels. Construction - Induced Vibration. The City shall implement or require implementation of the following measures through contract provisions and /or conditions of approval as appropriate: o Pile driving required within a 5o -foot radius of historic structures shall utilize alternative installation methods where possible (e.g., pile cushioning, jetting, pre - drilling, cast -in -place systems, resonance -free vibratory pile drivers). Specifically, geo pier style cast -in -place systems or equivalent shall be used where feasible as an alternative to pile driving to reduce the number and amplitude of impacts required for seating the pile. o The preexisting condition of all buildings within a 5o -foot radius and of historic buildings within the immediate vicinity of proposed construction - induced vibration activities shall be recorded in the form of a preconstruction survey. The preconstruction survey shall determine conditions that exist before construction begins for use in evaluating damage caused by construction activities. Fixtures and finishes within a 5o -foot radius of construction activities susceptible to damage shall be documented (photographically and in writing) prior to construction. All damage will be repaired back to its preexisting condition. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP - 38 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) i r IMPLEMENTATION C o Vibration monitoring shall be conducted prior to and during pile driving operations occurring within 10o feet of the historic structures. Every attempt shall be made to limit construction - generated vibration levels in accordance with Caltrans recommendations during pile driving and impact activities in the vicinity of the historic structures. o Provide protective coverings or temporary shoring of on -site or adjacent historic features as necessary, in consultation with the Community Development Director or designee. Railroad- Induced Vibration: o Vibration sensitive uses shall be located a minimum of 10o feet from the railroad centerline, where feasible. To ensure compliance with FTA and Caltrans recommended guidelines, a site- specific groundborne noise and vibration assesment should be conducted. For sensitive uses located within loo feet of the railroad centerline, the acoustical noise and vibration assessment shall demontrate that potential impacts will be below the level of significance. If specific project -level impacts are identified, mitigation measures reducing the impacts to below the level of significance will be required. o A groundborne vibration assessment shall be conducted at proposed building pad locations within 200 feet of railroad right -of -ways, prior to project approval. Vibration monitoring and assessment shall be conducted by a qualified acoustical C consultant. The assessment will demonstrate that rail- associated groundborne vibration and noise levels comply with recommended FTA and Caltrans guidance of 8o VdB and 0.2 in /sec PPV (or equivalent), respectively, or propose project - specific mitigation measures such as site design, building isolation, etc. to achieve that standard. Agency /Department:Community Development Department, Public Works Department Funding Source:General Fund, Development fees Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Noise:1.1, 3.1, 3.2, 6.1, 7.2 Program III -20: Toxic Air Contaminant Exposure Require each project applicant to implement the following measures to reduce the exposure of sensitive receptors to TACs from mobile sources, as project design features or a condition of project approval: Activities involving idling trucks shall be oriented as far away from and downwind of existing or proposed sensitive receptors as feasible. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP -39 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) k IMPLEMENTATION Strategies shall be incorporated to reduce the idling time of main propulsion engines through alternative technologies such as IdleAire, electrification of truck parking, and alternative energy sources for TRUs to allow diesel engines to be completely turned off. Proposed developments shall incorporate site plans that move sensitive receptors as far as feasibly possible from major roadways (100,000+ average daily trips). Projects containing sensitive receptors (such as residences, schools, day care centers, and medical facilities) on sites within 50o feet of a freeway must demonstrate that health risks relating to diesel particulates would not exceed acceptable health risk standards prior to project approval. Agency /Department:Community Development Department, Public Works Department Funding Source:Development fees Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Natural Resources:2.1 ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP - 40 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) t IMPLEMENTATION IV. Planning and Outreach Initiatives G16111111MIPs Program IV -1 Annual Review of General Plan and Land Use Policy Map Annually review implementation of the General Plan and Land Use Policy Map to identify the effect of land development and use on City revenues and costs of providing and maintaining public facilities and services. Report annually to the City Council regarding progress toward established objectives. Agency /Department:Community Development Department Funding Source:General Fund Time Frame:Ongoing, with annual reports to City Council Related Policies:All Program IV -2 Park Acquisition, Construction, and Maintenance Report Work actively to acquire, build, and maintain approximately 241 acres of additional parkland to achieve a minimum parkland ratio of 3 acres per 1,000 persons by 2030, and work toward a desired ratio of 5 acres per 1,000 persons by 2050. Evaluate progress toward achieving this goal by preparing a status report for the City Council and community every five years. As a separate but compatible objective, support efforts by the County of Orange or private landowners to provide an additional 303 acres of regional parkland to support an overall objective of 10 acres of parkland per 1,000 persons, inclusive of County regional parks. Work with the private sector to encourage use of vacant commercial or industrial properties for recreational purposes. Agency /Department:Community Services Department Funding Source:General Fund Time Frame:Baseline status report completed by 2013 Ongoing 5 -year reporting beginning in 2016 Related Policies: Land Use:1.7, 8.1, 8.3 Natural Resources:5. 5.3, 5.4, 5. 5.7 ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP -41 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) IMPLEMENTATION a -> - 11rVatIZSMIN Program IV -3 Public Education Programs Use public education activities to accomplish the following objectives: Improve citizen participation in land use and economic development planning processes. Promote awareness of Orange's historical and architectural resources and potential strategies for adaptive reuse of historic structures. Educate residents regarding air and water quality, including the effects of urban runoff. Raise public awareness of public safety issues —fire safety, flood hazards, homeland security, and other programs. Raise public awareness about the importance of green building techniques. Educate the public regarding the benefits of recycling and waste reduction. Promote traffic safety awareness programs. Promote the application of CPTED to new development projects. Support neighborhood meetings and community programs on crime prevention and education. Continue to support existing Neighborhood Watch programs, and support the efforts of the City of Orange Police Department to expand these programs. Coordinate education activities and make materials available to residents. Utilize all available media — forums, flyers, brochures, e -mail, videos, interpretive displays, workshops, and the City's website and cable television channel —to accomplish these objectives. Fully utilize the resources of the Orange Public Library to disseminate this information. Explore partnerships with local schools and educators to develop various educational programs related to historic preservation, personal and community safety, and environmental awareness. Agency /Department:Community Development Department, Public Works Department, Fire Department, Police Department, Library Services Department, Community Services Department Funding Source:General Fund; Federal, state, and private grants Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Land Use:5.2, 6.11, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3 Natural Resources:2.17 Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation: 1.2, 1.3, 1.6, 2.2, 2 .3, 3. 3. 4.4, 4. 5. 5.5 Public Safety:1.2, 3.6, 6.5, 7.1, 8.1 Economic Development: 3.3, 4.4 Wy. ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP - 4 2 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) weer IMPLEMENTATION Program IV -4 Santiago Creek and Santa Ana River Vision Plans Continue efforts to prepare and adopt a vision plan for Santiago Creek addressing recreational trails, open space, and flood control. Support future development of highly visible access points to the Santa Ana River, particularly at Lincoln Avenue, Katella Avenue, and Chapman Avenue. Partner with the City of Anaheim, resource agencies, and community organizations to complete a vision plan for the Santa Ana River, similar to the plan for Santiago Creek. Agency /Department:Community Development Department, Community Services Department, Public Works Department Funding Source:Grants, General Fund Time Frame:Santiago Creek Plan completed by 2013 Santa Ana River plan completed by 2020 Related Policies: Land Use:6 .3, 7.3 Circulation & Mobility: 1.1 Natural Resources:1.2, 4.2, 6.1 Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation: 4.2 Program IV - 5 Solid Waste Source Reduction and Recycling Continue to implement waste diversion programs as well as public education programs as outlined in the City's Source Reduction and Recycling Element required by Assembly Bill 939 1989). Work to expand recycling pickup to all residential addresses in the City. Conduct a waste characterization study to identify the major constituents in the City's solid waste stream. The results of the study will be used to guide development of the recycling and outreach program, and possible revisions to waste handler contracts. The City will also consider anticipated waste associated with the land use types of future development. Agency /Department:Public Works Department Funding Source:General Fund, user fees Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Natural Resources:2.5 Infrastructure:2.1, 2.2, 2 .3, 2 .4 Program IV -6 Transportation Demand and System Management Participate in regional efforts to implement TDM requirements and support implementation of the employer TDM provisions of the South Coast Air Quality Management District's Air Quality Management Plan by working with the SCAQMD to identify employers within Orange ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP - 43 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) IMPLEMENTATION Est®® .4&alvaor most suitable for participation in the TDM programs to achieve major reduction of VMT. Complete intersection capacity improvements and coordinate traffic signals as necessary to improve traffic flow. Agency /Department:Community Development Department, Public Works Department Funding Source:General Fund Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Land Use:7.4 Circulation & Mobility: 2.2, 2.5, 2.6 Natural Resources:2.1, 2.2 Growth Management: 1.12, 2.1 Program IV -7 Growth Management Performance Monitoring Program As required by Renewed Measure M, the City's annual Performance Monitoring Program is intended to provide an annual evaluation of its development phasing plans. This program reviews and evaluates the implementation of phasing plans that reflect conditions of approval for traffic improvements required as mitigation measures for development projects. The monitoring program is intended to ensure that road improvements or funding are actually provided as required, to determine whether development may continue. If the improvements or funding specified in project conditions have not been provided, the City shall defer development until compliance with the provision of this program is achieved. The monitoring program includes an annual review of new development projects until all required improvements have been constructed. Traffic - related mitigation requirements, such as TDM programs, will be continued in conformance with the provisions of the project - approved programs. Agency /Department: Community Development Department, Public Works Department Funding Source:Development fees Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Circulation & Mobility: 1.1 Growth Management: 1.2,1.5,1.12 cam'a ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP - 44 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) or Ariurr. IMPLEMENTATION V. Coordination with Other Agencies and Organizations Program V -1 Utility Companies As part of the development application and review process, coordinate with Southern California Edison (SCE), Time Warner Cable, Cox Communications Orange County, the Gas Company, AT &T, cellular telephone service providers, and other local utilities to assess capacity and infrastructure needs to support new development or development activities. Ensure through such coordination that Orange remains on the cutting edge of new infrastructure technology. Require that utilities be moved underground consistent with the City's Master Utility Undergrounding Plan. Agency /Department:City Manager's Office, Community Development Department, Public Works Department Funding Source:SCE utility undergrounding fund, private funding sources Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Land Use:7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 7.6 Urban Design:2.8 Infrastructure:4. 4. 4.3 Economic Development: 5.2, 6.2 NIallliORMSEINY Program V -2 Orange Unified School District and Santiago Canyon Community College District Coordinate with the Orange Unified School District and Santiago Canyon Community College District to address the following issues, as applicable: Preparation of facilities master plans; Continued development of safe pedestrian and bicycle routes to all schools and ensuring that physical improvements (such as crosswalks and bike racks) are in place to support walking and bicycling to schools; Exploration of nonstructural solutions that may encourage people to walk or bus to school, rather than drive (e.g., staggered start times, walking groups); Continued joint use of school sites for community recreation; Exploration of joint use of school site(s) for public library service; Continued youth and family services to serve families of children living within the school district's boundaries; Continued joint -use agreements to make additional recreational facilities available to the community during non - school hours; Requiring new or remodeling existing schools to install appropriate student pick-up/drop- off areas; and ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP -45 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) I MPLEMENTATION F° Preparation of an elementary school curriculum, including suggested supplemental activities, for teaching children about cultural and historical resources, personal and community safety, sustainable lifestyles, and environmental awareness in the City. Agency /Department:Community Development Department, Community Services Department, Library Services Department Funding Source:Development fees, user fees Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Land Use:7.1, 7.6 Natural Resources:5.3 Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation: 2.2, 3.1 Program V -3 Adjacent Jurisdictions and Special- Purpose Agencies and Organizations Continue to coordinate with adjacent jurisdictions and special - purpose agencies and organizations for the following purposes: Land use planning efforts; Growth and facility planning, management, and maintenance; Planning and developing major east /west and north /south arterials and rapid transit; Ensuring that Orange benefits from the planned Anaheim Regional Transportation Intermodal Center (ARTIC); Connecting City trails to trails in adjacent jurisdictions and regional trails networks, including Santiago Creek, the Santa Ana River, and the proposed Tustin Branch Trail; Completing vision plans for Santiago Creek and the Santa Ana River; Maintaining an appropriate level of transportation impact fees and other public service fees; Continuing and adopting mutual -aid agreements; Maintaining flood control facilities and implementing a capacity analysis; Developing trails along service roads for flood control channels; Aircraft corridor planning, minimizing aircraft overflights in the City, and coordinating approval of heliport /helistop operations; Disaster preparedness and emergency response for earthquakes and wildland fires; Participating in interjursidictional planning forums through the established Growth Management Areas (GMAs) adopted by the Regional Advisory Planning Council as well as the City's Joint Powers Agreements with adjacent cities to address cumulative traffic impacts and to coordinate improvements in transportation facilities; and Monitoring and compiling information on faults within the planning area. r : ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP - 46 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) y IMPLEMENTATION Agency /Department:Community Development Department, Public Works Department, Fire Department, Police Department Funding Source:General Fund, development fees, g as tax funds Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Land Use:7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 7. Circulation & Mobility: 2.2, 2.3, 2.4. 3.1, 4. Natural Resources:6.1, 6.3, 6.4 Public Safety:1 .3, 2 . 1 , 3.7, 5. 5. 6 .3, 8 . 2 , 8 .3 Noise:4. 4. 4.3 Growth Management: 1.4, 2.1, 2.2, 2.5, 2.6 11io"'s.V.9f' Program V -4 Railroad Operators Continue to coordinate with the SCRRA in providing a regional rail system (Metrolink) that links Orange to other employment and activity centers in Southern California. Coordinate with rail operators to address possible effects of increased railway volumes on grade crossings throughout the City, to reduce delays associated with freight trains, and to implement a Quiet Zone. Coordinate with operators to achieve appropriate mitigation to ensure continued safety for motorists and pedestrians. Agency /Department:Public Works Department, City Manager's Office Funding Source:General Fund Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Land Use:2.6 Circulation & Mobility:1.5, 2.4, 2.6, 2.7 Natural Resources:2.2 Noise:3.2 Growth Management:1.7, 2.5 Program V - 5 Orange County Transportation Authority Work closely with the OCTA to achieve the following objectives: Maintain consistency with the County Master Plan of Arterial Highways, including the reclassification of roadways described in the Circulation & Mobility Element, such as La Veta Avenue. Implement provisions of Renewed Measure M. Implement the OCTA Congestion Management Plan (CMP). Expand and improve the efficiency of bus service within the City. Encourage the expansion of alternative local transportation options such as a community circulator bus service between transit centers and major commercial, employment, and residential areas. 1- ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP - 47 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) IMPLEMENTATION a Improve paratransit or other public transportation systems that enhance the mobility of Orange's senior and youth populations, and the disabled. Encourage provision of attractive and appropriate transit amenities. Support and implement the OCTA Commuter Bikeways Strategic Plan and participate in future updates and revisions to the Plan. Reduce noise impacts of OCTA operations and facilities. Agency /Department:Public Works Department, Community Development Department Funding Source:General Fund, State Transit Assistance funds Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Land Use:2 .4, 7.4 Circulation & Mobility: 1.1, 1.4, 2.1, 2.2, 2 .3, 2 .4, 2 .5, 2 . 6 , 3. 3. 3.3, 4. Natural Resources:2.2 Noise:2.4 Growth Management: 1.1, 1.3,1.6,1.9, 2.1, 2.2, 2.5, 2.6 Program V -6 California Department of Transportation and Transportation Corridor Agency Work closely and coordinate with the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) and the Transportation Corridor Agency (TCA) on all plans, activities, and projects that may affect state roadway facilities or transportation corridors passing through Orange. Additionally, work with these agencies to achieve the following objectives: Provide appropriate screening to control the visual impacts of transportation facilities. Provide landscaping within transportation facilities. Study the potential for a future interchange at State Route 55 and Meats Avenue. Determine the feasibility of conversion or joint use of surplus or otherwise underutilized lands under Caltrans or TCA control for open space. Plan for noise abatement along freeways and highways. Install, maintain, and update freeway and highway right -of -way buffers and soundwalls. Provide adequate visual buffers such as berms or landscaping between freeways and railways and adjacent land uses. Agency /Department:Public Works Department, Community Development Department Funding Source:General Fund, gas tax funds Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Land Use:6.1o, 7.5 Circulation & Mobility: 2.3, 2 .4, 2.5, 2.6 Natural Resources:7.3 ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP - 48 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) 11111111111111111111MINSINCII.4111.11111 9 IMPLEMENTATION Noise:2.4 Growth Management: 2.1 AVIZIMPla Program V - 7 Local Water Districts Coordinate with the Irvine Ranch Water District, Serrano Water District, Municipal Water District of Orange County, Metropolitan Water District of Southern California, Golden State Water Company, Serrano Water District, and East Orange County Water District to achieve the following water supply, distribution, and conservation objectives: Maintain groundwater recharge areas to protect water quality and ensure continued recharge of local groundwater basins. Reduce the amount of water used for landscaping and increase use of native and drought - tolerant plants. Encourage the production, distribution, and use of recycled and reclaimed water for landscaping projects. Maintain water quality objectives for urban runoff. Agency /Department:City Council, City Manager, Public Works Department Funding Source:User fees, development fees, General Fund, grants Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Land Use:6.1o, 7.3 Natural Resources:2 .3, 2 .4 Infrastructure:1.3, 1.4 Program V -8 Santa Ana Regional Water Quality Control Board Comply with all provisions of the NPDES permit, and support regional efforts by the Santa Ana Regional Water Quality Control Board to improve and protect surface water quality. Agency /Department:Community Development Department, Public Works Department Funding Source:User fees Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Land Use:3.4, 4.3, 6 .5 Natural Resources:2.4, 2.11, 2.12 Infrastructure:1.4, 1.5 ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP -49 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) 4 IMPLEMENTATION Program V -9 South Coast Air Quality Management District Work with the South Coast Air Quality Management District and the Southern California Association of Governments to implement the Air Quality Management Plan and meet all federal and state air quality standards for pollutants. Participate in any future amendments and updates to the Plan. Implement and interpret the General Plan in a manner consistent with the Air Quality Management Plan. Agency /Department:Community Development Department Funding Source:General Fund Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Land Use:3.4, 4.3, 6.1o, 7.4 Circulation & Mobility: 2.5, 2.6, 3.1, 4.1 Natural Resources:2.1, 2.2, 2.8 Growth Management: 1.7, 1.8, 1.12, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.6 Program V - 10 Orange County Flood Control District Support efforts by the Orange County Flood Control District (OCFCD) to regularly maintain flood control channels and structures owned by the OCFCD, and to complete necessary repairs in a timely manner. Work with the OCFCD and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to identify new flood control improvements, and establish installation programs for improvements as needed. Work with the OCFCD to identify opportunities to enhance the natural qualities of Santiago Creek to protect habitat and reintroduce native plants, animals, and fish. Agency /Department:Public Works Department, Community Development Department, Community Services Department Funding Source:Orange County Flood Control District Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Land Use:6.7, 6.9, 7.3 Natural Resources:4.2 Public Safety:2.1 Infrastructure:1.5 Program V -11 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and California Department of Fish and Wildlife Continue to coordinate with federal and state wildlife agencies in an effort to protect rare or endangered species of plants and animals. Require that all development activities adhere to federal and state legislation that protects all sensitive plants and animals. Coordinate with these agencies for City efforts to restore portions of Santiago Creek and the Santa Ana River, to develop bike trails and pathways adjacent to Santiago Creek, to recognize the ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP - 50 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) A.ANIMI Alme IMPLEMENTATION archeological significance of Santiago Creek, and to integrate natural landscape components within the design of projects adjacent to waterways. Agency /Department:Community Development Department, Community Services Department, Public Works Department Funding Source:General Fund, development fees, grants, federal and state funds Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Land Use:6.4, 6.7, 6.11, 7.3 Natural Resources:4.1, 4. 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 6.1 Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation: 4.2 Program V - 12 Central Orange County NCCP /HCP Support compliance with the Central Orange County Natural Communities Conservation Plan /Habitat Conservation Plan (NCCP /HCP). Participate in any future update to the Plan. Coordinate with the Fire Department and related agencies to ensure consideration of NCCP habitat areas when planning fuel modification zones. Agency /Department:Community Development Department, Fire Department Funding Source:General Fund, development fees Q Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Land Use:6.4, 6.11, 7.3 Natural Resources:4.1, 4. 4.3, 4.4, 4.5 Program V -13 Open Space Preservation Organizations and Agencies Continue to work with local and regional open space preservation organizations and with federal and state agencies to identify and conserve urban open space and protect lands accessible for public use. Pursue grants and other resources to plan for open space preservation and, as appropriate, purchase properties to be included in the open space system. Use conservation easements where feasible as part of the City's open space acquisition program. Agency /Department:City Manager's Office, Community Development Department, Community Services Department Funding Source:Grants Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Land Use:6.4, 6.11 yy Natural Resources:1.1, 5.7 9 a. -"__` re -H-n.. . ^tea:- „._.— ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP -51 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) IMPLEMENTATION Program V -14 Orange Chamber of Commerce Continue to work with the Orange Chamber of Commerce in promoting the local economy. The Chamber provides a variety of programs promoting economic development in Orange. Agency /Department:Economic Development Department Funding Source:General Fund Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Land Use:3. 5.3, 8 . 2 Economic Development: 3. 3.3, 5. Program V -15 Federal and State Historic Preservation Programs The City will continue to support efforts by California's OHP to administer federal and state - mandated historic preservation programs in California, including the following: California Historical Landmarks California Points of Historical Interest California Register of Historical Resources National Register of Historic Places Secretary of the Interior's Standards CEQA The Mills Act is another preservation tool created by the California Legislature, enabling cities to enter into historical property agreements with owners of qualifying properties that result in reductions to the owners' property taxes. The agreements provide a benefit that ensures preservation and guarantees authentic rehabilitations and a high level of maintenance of historic resources. The City will continue to offer the Mills Act program to private property owners, will expand the program to include newly designated historic resources, and publicize its availability. In compliance with state legislation, the City will inspect Mills Act properties prior to contract approval and once every five years thereafter. Agency /Department:Community Development Department Funding Source:General Fund, Mills Act fees, development fees Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Land Use:1.5, 6.11 Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation: 1 . 2 , 1 .3, 1 .4, 1 .5, 2 . 2 , 4. 4. 4.3, 4.4 ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP - 52 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10) 1 IMPLEME NTATION Program V -16 Community History and Preservation Organizations Develop partnerships with local history and preservation organizations to prepare Historic Context Statement updates, undertake new surveys, and update surveys. Partner with local history and preservation organizations to develop a citywide interpretive program, including signs, plaques, exhibits, and other similar elements, to increase awareness of the City's history and its historic resources Agency /Department:Community Development Department, Library Services Department Funding Source:General Fund, grants Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Cultural Resources & Historic Preservation: 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 2.2, 3.1, 3.4, 5.5 Program V - 17 Orange County Airport Land Use Commission Continue to work with the Orange County Airport Land Use Commission to increase safety and reduce noise associated with aircraft overflights and helicopter operations within the City by achieving the following objectives: Work with the Federal Aviation Administration and local airports (John Wayne Airport, Long Beach Airport, Los Alamitos Army Air Base) to determine appropriate aircraft altitude standards for aircraft flying over the City, taking into account public health and safety. Continue to regulate the siting and operation of heliports /helistops through the Conditional Use Permit process in conjunction with the Orange County Airport Land Use Commission and Caltrans Division of Aeronautics. Work with the heliport /helistop operators (police, fire, hospital, and private) to implement flight profiles, tracks, and operating parameters for noise control. Agency /Department:Community Development Department Funding Source:General Fund Time Frame:Ongoing Related Policies: Noise:4. 4. 4.3 ORANGE GENERAL PLAN IMP -53 GPA 2010 -0001 (8/10/10)